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Nijerya'nın Enugu Eyaletinde manyok değer zinciri aktörlerinin finansmanına yönelik kısıtlamalar

Year 2025, Volume: 31 Issue: 1, 37 - 50, 30.06.2025

Rosemary Nzennwa , Angela Igweh , Fredrick Nzennwa

https://doi.org/10.24181/tarekoder.1603395

Abstract

Amaç: Araştırma çalışmasında, Nijerya'nın Enugu Eyaletinde manyok tarımında değer zinciri finansmanının analizini incelemiştir.
Tasarım/Metodoloji/Yaklaşım: Enugu manyok değer zinciri aktörlerinin sosyo-ekonomik özelliklerini tanımlamak, manyok değer zinciri aktörlerinin gücünü incelemek, manyok değer zinciri segmentlerindeki maliyet ve getirileri incelemek, manyok değer zinciri boyunca finansman ihtiyaçlarını ve türlerini incelemek ve çalışma alanındaki farklı manyok değer zinciri segmentlerinin finansmanındaki kısıtlamaları belirlemek için altmış manyok çiftçisi, yirmi işleyici ve kırk pazarlamacıdan bilgi toplanmıştır. Yerel yönetim, topluluklar ve değer zinciri aktörlerini seçmek için çok aşamalı rastgele örnekleme kullanılmıştır. Toplanan birincil veriler ortalama, frekans, yüzde ve brüt marj gibi tanımlayıcı ve çıkarımsal istatistikler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışma ayrıca değer zinciri aktörlerinin (üreticiler, işleyiciler ve pazarlamacılar) işlerinin etkin bir şekilde işleyebilmesi için yıllık 400.000'in üzerinde bir gelire ihtiyaç duyduklarını ortaya koymuştur. Aktörler tarafından tespit edilen başlıca kısıtlar sırasıyla yetersiz sermaye ve yüksek kredi faiz oranları olup, bunlar manyok işletmelerinin genişlemesinin ve manyok değerinin finansmanının önündeki engellerdir.
Özgünlük/Değer: Çalışma, girdilerin ve makinelerin kırsal aktörler için uygun fiyatlı hale getirilmesi için sübvanse edilmesini ve küçük çiftçilerin riski yönetmelerine yardımcı olmak ve çiftlik verimliliğindeki artışı teşvik etmek için kredi ve sigortaya erişimin artırılmasını önermektedir.

Keywords

Pazarlamacılar ve işleyiciler üreticiler kök bitkileri

References

  • Abode, A.R. and Adeola, R.G. (2009), “Constraints to domestic industrialization of cassava in Osun State Nigeria”, Ozean Journal of Social Science, 2:83-87.
  • Adebayo A., Nicholas M., Roger R., Monde Zulu I., Steffen A., Bachwenkizi B. and Cromme N. (2013), “Potential for commercial production and marketing of cassava: Experiences from the small-scale cassava processing project in East and Southern Africa”.
  • Adebusuyi, B. (2008), “Towards a sustainable microfinance development in Nigeria”, Central Bank of Nigeria Occasional Paper, No 37.
  • Adeniji, A.A., Ega, L.A., Akoroda, M.O., A.A. Adeniyi, B.O. Ugwu, and Balogun A. (2005), “Cassava Development in Nigeria”. Department of Agriculture Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources Nigeria. FAO.
  • Alegieuno, J. (2010), “Microcredit financing by deposit money Banks/microfinance banks and the agricultural sector development in Nigeria”, Central Bank of Nigeria Economic and Financial Review, 48(4), 165-179. Retrieved from http://www.cenbank.org/out/2012/publication.
  • Ammani, A. A. (2012), “An investigation into the relationship between Agricultural Production and Credit Supply in Nigeria”, International Journal of Agriculture and forestry, 2(1), 46-52. Doi: 10.5923/j.ijaf.20120201.08.
  • Anyanwu, C.M. (2004), “Micro Finance Institutions in Nigeria: Policy, Practice and Potentials”, Paper presented at the G24 workshop on “constraints to growth in Sub Sahara Africa,” Pretoria South Africa, November 29.
  • Atkilt, A. and Issac, P. (2010), “Assessment on the mechanisms and challenges of small scale agricultural credit from commercial bank in Ethiopia”, The case of Ada’aLiben Woreda Ethiopia. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 12(3), 304-323.
  • Bull S., Ndunguru J., Gruissem W., Beeching J., Vanderschuren H. (2010), “Cassava: constraints to production and the transfer of biotechnology to African laboratories”.
  • Coates, M., Kitchen, R., Kebbell, G., Vignon, C., Guillemain, C., and Hofmeister, R. (2011), “Financing agricultural value chains in Africa– A synthesis of four country case studies”, International Journal of Contemporary Applied Sciences, 2, (11).
  • Ehinmowo, O.O. Afolabi, J.A. Fatuase, A.I. (2015). Determinants of Profitability among Small-Scale Cassava Processors in South Western Nigeria, RJOAS. 1(37).
  • Emeokoma, C.C. (1994), “Strategies for the development of new mechanization systems for the hole cassava crop”, In: proceedings for XII World Congress on Agricultural Engineering. Milano, Vol 2, pp 921-925.
  • FAO and World Bank. (2013), Financing smallholder agricultural term investments. Retrieved from http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/.
  • FAO, (2018), Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets –November 2018. Rome (2018), pg 104 http://www.fao.org/3/ca232en/CA2320EN.pdf
  • FAOSTAT, (2019), Food and Agriculture Data (2019) http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/Googlescholar
  • Ijioma, J. C., and Osondu, C. K. (2015). Agricultural credit sources and determinants of credit acquisition by farmers in Idemili Local Government Area of Anambra State. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 5 (2015) 34-43.doi: 10.17265/2161-6264/2015.01.004
  • Ikwuakam O.T, Iyela A., Akinbile L.A (2015), “Constraints to Contributions of Cassava Enterprise to Marketing Entrepreneurs’ socio-economic status in south Eastern, Nigeria”, Agricultural Journal 10(2): 12-16, 2015.
  • International Fund for Agricultural Development (2012), Agricultural value chain finance strategy and design. IFAD technical note: IFAD.
  • Iyasere E. (2015): A look at Cassava production in Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5 (5), pp. 818-819, July, 2015. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org.
  • Kombate K., I. Dossou-Aminon, A. Dansi1, R.A. Adjatin, G.A. Dassou, K. Kpemoua, M. Dansi1, K. Akpaganaand A. Sanni (2017), “Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Production Constraints, Farmers’ Preference Criteria and Diversity Management in Togo” International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) pp. 3328-3340.
  • Naziri, D., Quaye, W., Siwoku, B., Wanlapatit, S., Viet Phu, T., and Bennett, C. (2014). The diversity of postharvest losses in cassava value chains in selected developing countries. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics, 115(2), 111-123.
  • Nwaru, J.C. and Onuoha, R.E. (2010), “Credit use and Technical change in smallholder food crop production in Imo State of Nigeria” New Yolk Science Journal, 2010,3 (11).
  • Ogunyinka, O., and Oguntuase, A. (2020). Analysis of cassava production and processing by various groups in support of cassava value chain in the south west of Nigeria. ISABB Journal of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 9(1), 11-19.
  • Okpukpara, B., Ude, O. C. P., David, K., and Okpukpara, V. (2021). Meta-analysis of value chain financing among small scale rice farming enterprises in Enugu State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 14(9), 34-41.
  • Okocha, K.F., Okafor, V.N., Anyaegbunam, P.I., and Ukpabi, U.J. (2006), “Cassava production, processing and marketing” 1980-2005.Annotated Bibliography. National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria. Pp.210.
  • Olagunju, F. I. and Ajiboye, A. (2010), “Agricultural lending decision: A Tobit Regression Analysis”, African Journal of Food Agricultural, Nutrition and Development, 10(5), 2515-2541. Retrieved from http://www.bioline.org.br/request?nd10047.
  • Ololade, R.A, and Olagunju, F.I. (2013), “Determinant of Access to Credit among Rural Farmers in Oyo State Nigeria”, Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, 13(2). Retrieved from http://globaljournals.org/GJSFR_Volume13/4-Determinant-of-Access-to-credit-among.pdf.
  • Omolara, G. M., Alabi, A.A., Omotayo, A. O. (2017). Cost and Return Analysis of Cassava Flour (Lafun) Production among the Women of Osun State, Nigeria, Science Research. 5(5) 72-77.
  • Omonona, B.T., Lawaland, J.O. and Oyinlana, A.O. (2010), “Determinant of Credit Constraint Condition and Production Efficiency among Farming Households in Southwestern Nigeria”, The Social Science, 5(4): 326-331. DOI: 10.3923/sscience.2010.326.331.
  • Onya S.C., Oriala S.E, Ejiba I.V. and Okoronkwo F.C (2016), “Market Participation and Value Chain of Cassava Farmers in Abia State”, Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 12(1): 1-11, 2016; Article no.JSRR.27950 ISSN: 2320-0227 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org.
  • Rural Sector Enhancement Programme (RUSEP) (2002), Proceedings of National Stakeholders Workshop on Rural Development, IITA Publication, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2002. https://www.jard.edu.pl/tom47/zeszyt/streszczenie-906.html.
  • Salisu, R. (2016). Impact of commercial agricultural development project on productivity and food security status of maize farmers in kaduna state, Nigeriamaster of science degree in agricultural extension and rural sociology, Ahmadu bello university zaria, Kaduna State.
  • Sanni, L. O., O. O. Onadipe, P. Ilona, M. D. Mussagy, A. Abass, and Dixon A. G. O. (2009), “Successes and Challenges of Cassava Enterprises in West Africa: A Case Study of Nigeria, Benin and Sierra Leone”, Ibadan, Nigeria: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture.
  • Soludo, C. (2008). Keynote address at the 4th conference of regulators and external auditors of financial institutions, held in Abuja.
  • Waigumba S., Nyamutoka P., Wanda K., Adebayo A., Menya I., Nuwamanya S., Matovu M., Kaliisa R., Muyinza H., Nyakaisiki E. and Naziri D. (2016): Technical Report: “Market Opportunities and Value Chain Analysis of Fresh Cassava Roots in Uganda Extending the shelf-life of fresh cassava roots for increased incomes and postharvest losses reduction”
  • Yakasai, M. T. (2010), “Economic Contribution of Cassava Production”, (A Case study of Kuje Area Council Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria) Bayero Journal of Pure And Applied Sciences, 3(1): 215 – 219.

Constraints to financing cassava value chain actors in Enugu State, Nigeria

Year 2025, Volume: 31 Issue: 1, 37 - 50, 30.06.2025

Rosemary Nzennwa , Angela Igweh , Fredrick Nzennwa

https://doi.org/10.24181/tarekoder.1603395

Abstract

Purpose: The research study examined the analysis of value chain financing in cassava farming in Enugu State, Nigeria.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Information was collected from sixty cassava farmers, twenty processors and forty marketers to describe the socio-economic characteristics of Enugu cassava value chain actors, examine the strength of the cassava value chain actors, examine the costs and returns across the cassava value chain segments, examine financing needs and types along the cassava value chain and identify constraints in financing different cassava value chain segment the study area. Multi-stage random sampling was used to select the local government, communities and value chain actors. The primary data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics like mean, frequency, percentage and gross margin.
Findings: The study also revealed that the value chain actors (producers, processors and marketers) need above 400,000 annually for the business to function effectively. The major constraints identified by the actors were inadequate capital and high interest rates for loans as hindrances to the expansion of their cassava enterprise and cassava value financing respectively.
Originality/Value: The study recommended subsidization of inputs and machineries to make them affordable to the rural actors and scale up access to credit and insurance to help smallholder farmers manage risk and foster the growth in farm productivity.

Keywords

Marketers and processors producers root crops

References

  • Abode, A.R. and Adeola, R.G. (2009), “Constraints to domestic industrialization of cassava in Osun State Nigeria”, Ozean Journal of Social Science, 2:83-87.
  • Adebayo A., Nicholas M., Roger R., Monde Zulu I., Steffen A., Bachwenkizi B. and Cromme N. (2013), “Potential for commercial production and marketing of cassava: Experiences from the small-scale cassava processing project in East and Southern Africa”.
  • Adebusuyi, B. (2008), “Towards a sustainable microfinance development in Nigeria”, Central Bank of Nigeria Occasional Paper, No 37.
  • Adeniji, A.A., Ega, L.A., Akoroda, M.O., A.A. Adeniyi, B.O. Ugwu, and Balogun A. (2005), “Cassava Development in Nigeria”. Department of Agriculture Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources Nigeria. FAO.
  • Alegieuno, J. (2010), “Microcredit financing by deposit money Banks/microfinance banks and the agricultural sector development in Nigeria”, Central Bank of Nigeria Economic and Financial Review, 48(4), 165-179. Retrieved from http://www.cenbank.org/out/2012/publication.
  • Ammani, A. A. (2012), “An investigation into the relationship between Agricultural Production and Credit Supply in Nigeria”, International Journal of Agriculture and forestry, 2(1), 46-52. Doi: 10.5923/j.ijaf.20120201.08.
  • Anyanwu, C.M. (2004), “Micro Finance Institutions in Nigeria: Policy, Practice and Potentials”, Paper presented at the G24 workshop on “constraints to growth in Sub Sahara Africa,” Pretoria South Africa, November 29.
  • Atkilt, A. and Issac, P. (2010), “Assessment on the mechanisms and challenges of small scale agricultural credit from commercial bank in Ethiopia”, The case of Ada’aLiben Woreda Ethiopia. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 12(3), 304-323.
  • Bull S., Ndunguru J., Gruissem W., Beeching J., Vanderschuren H. (2010), “Cassava: constraints to production and the transfer of biotechnology to African laboratories”.
  • Coates, M., Kitchen, R., Kebbell, G., Vignon, C., Guillemain, C., and Hofmeister, R. (2011), “Financing agricultural value chains in Africa– A synthesis of four country case studies”, International Journal of Contemporary Applied Sciences, 2, (11).
  • Ehinmowo, O.O. Afolabi, J.A. Fatuase, A.I. (2015). Determinants of Profitability among Small-Scale Cassava Processors in South Western Nigeria, RJOAS. 1(37).
  • Emeokoma, C.C. (1994), “Strategies for the development of new mechanization systems for the hole cassava crop”, In: proceedings for XII World Congress on Agricultural Engineering. Milano, Vol 2, pp 921-925.
  • FAO and World Bank. (2013), Financing smallholder agricultural term investments. Retrieved from http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/.
  • FAO, (2018), Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets –November 2018. Rome (2018), pg 104 http://www.fao.org/3/ca232en/CA2320EN.pdf
  • FAOSTAT, (2019), Food and Agriculture Data (2019) http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/Googlescholar
  • Ijioma, J. C., and Osondu, C. K. (2015). Agricultural credit sources and determinants of credit acquisition by farmers in Idemili Local Government Area of Anambra State. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 5 (2015) 34-43.doi: 10.17265/2161-6264/2015.01.004
  • Ikwuakam O.T, Iyela A., Akinbile L.A (2015), “Constraints to Contributions of Cassava Enterprise to Marketing Entrepreneurs’ socio-economic status in south Eastern, Nigeria”, Agricultural Journal 10(2): 12-16, 2015.
  • International Fund for Agricultural Development (2012), Agricultural value chain finance strategy and design. IFAD technical note: IFAD.
  • Iyasere E. (2015): A look at Cassava production in Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 5 (5), pp. 818-819, July, 2015. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org.
  • Kombate K., I. Dossou-Aminon, A. Dansi1, R.A. Adjatin, G.A. Dassou, K. Kpemoua, M. Dansi1, K. Akpaganaand A. Sanni (2017), “Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Production Constraints, Farmers’ Preference Criteria and Diversity Management in Togo” International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) pp. 3328-3340.
  • Naziri, D., Quaye, W., Siwoku, B., Wanlapatit, S., Viet Phu, T., and Bennett, C. (2014). The diversity of postharvest losses in cassava value chains in selected developing countries. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics, 115(2), 111-123.
  • Nwaru, J.C. and Onuoha, R.E. (2010), “Credit use and Technical change in smallholder food crop production in Imo State of Nigeria” New Yolk Science Journal, 2010,3 (11).
  • Ogunyinka, O., and Oguntuase, A. (2020). Analysis of cassava production and processing by various groups in support of cassava value chain in the south west of Nigeria. ISABB Journal of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 9(1), 11-19.
  • Okpukpara, B., Ude, O. C. P., David, K., and Okpukpara, V. (2021). Meta-analysis of value chain financing among small scale rice farming enterprises in Enugu State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 14(9), 34-41.
  • Okocha, K.F., Okafor, V.N., Anyaegbunam, P.I., and Ukpabi, U.J. (2006), “Cassava production, processing and marketing” 1980-2005.Annotated Bibliography. National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria. Pp.210.
  • Olagunju, F. I. and Ajiboye, A. (2010), “Agricultural lending decision: A Tobit Regression Analysis”, African Journal of Food Agricultural, Nutrition and Development, 10(5), 2515-2541. Retrieved from http://www.bioline.org.br/request?nd10047.
  • Ololade, R.A, and Olagunju, F.I. (2013), “Determinant of Access to Credit among Rural Farmers in Oyo State Nigeria”, Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, 13(2). Retrieved from http://globaljournals.org/GJSFR_Volume13/4-Determinant-of-Access-to-credit-among.pdf.
  • Omolara, G. M., Alabi, A.A., Omotayo, A. O. (2017). Cost and Return Analysis of Cassava Flour (Lafun) Production among the Women of Osun State, Nigeria, Science Research. 5(5) 72-77.
  • Omonona, B.T., Lawaland, J.O. and Oyinlana, A.O. (2010), “Determinant of Credit Constraint Condition and Production Efficiency among Farming Households in Southwestern Nigeria”, The Social Science, 5(4): 326-331. DOI: 10.3923/sscience.2010.326.331.
  • Onya S.C., Oriala S.E, Ejiba I.V. and Okoronkwo F.C (2016), “Market Participation and Value Chain of Cassava Farmers in Abia State”, Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 12(1): 1-11, 2016; Article no.JSRR.27950 ISSN: 2320-0227 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org.
  • Rural Sector Enhancement Programme (RUSEP) (2002), Proceedings of National Stakeholders Workshop on Rural Development, IITA Publication, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2002. https://www.jard.edu.pl/tom47/zeszyt/streszczenie-906.html.
  • Salisu, R. (2016). Impact of commercial agricultural development project on productivity and food security status of maize farmers in kaduna state, Nigeriamaster of science degree in agricultural extension and rural sociology, Ahmadu bello university zaria, Kaduna State.
  • Sanni, L. O., O. O. Onadipe, P. Ilona, M. D. Mussagy, A. Abass, and Dixon A. G. O. (2009), “Successes and Challenges of Cassava Enterprises in West Africa: A Case Study of Nigeria, Benin and Sierra Leone”, Ibadan, Nigeria: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture.
  • Soludo, C. (2008). Keynote address at the 4th conference of regulators and external auditors of financial institutions, held in Abuja.
  • Waigumba S., Nyamutoka P., Wanda K., Adebayo A., Menya I., Nuwamanya S., Matovu M., Kaliisa R., Muyinza H., Nyakaisiki E. and Naziri D. (2016): Technical Report: “Market Opportunities and Value Chain Analysis of Fresh Cassava Roots in Uganda Extending the shelf-life of fresh cassava roots for increased incomes and postharvest losses reduction”
  • Yakasai, M. T. (2010), “Economic Contribution of Cassava Production”, (A Case study of Kuje Area Council Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria) Bayero Journal of Pure And Applied Sciences, 3(1): 215 – 219.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Economics (Other)
Journal Section Research
Authors

Rosemary Nzennwa 0009-0003-0137-7037

Angela Igweh 0009-0007-8008-9920

Fredrick Nzennwa 0009-0003-4860-5332

Early Pub Date June 30, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date December 18, 2024
Acceptance Date April 28, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 31 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Nzennwa, R., Igweh, A., & Nzennwa, F. (2025). Constraints to financing cassava value chain actors in Enugu State, Nigeria. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, 31(1), 37-50. https://doi.org/10.24181/tarekoder.1603395
AMA Nzennwa R, Igweh A, Nzennwa F. Constraints to financing cassava value chain actors in Enugu State, Nigeria. TJAE. June 2025;31(1):37-50. doi:10.24181/tarekoder.1603395
Chicago Nzennwa, Rosemary, Angela Igweh, and Fredrick Nzennwa. “Constraints to Financing Cassava Value Chain Actors in Enugu State, Nigeria”. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi 31, no. 1 (June 2025): 37-50. https://doi.org/10.24181/tarekoder.1603395.
EndNote Nzennwa R, Igweh A, Nzennwa F (June 1, 2025) Constraints to financing cassava value chain actors in Enugu State, Nigeria. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi 31 1 37–50.
IEEE R. Nzennwa, A. Igweh, and F. Nzennwa, “Constraints to financing cassava value chain actors in Enugu State, Nigeria”, TJAE, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 37–50, 2025, doi: 10.24181/tarekoder.1603395.
ISNAD Nzennwa, Rosemary et al. “Constraints to Financing Cassava Value Chain Actors in Enugu State, Nigeria”. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi 31/1 (June 2025), 37-50. https://doi.org/10.24181/tarekoder.1603395.
JAMA Nzennwa R, Igweh A, Nzennwa F. Constraints to financing cassava value chain actors in Enugu State, Nigeria. TJAE. 2025;31:37–50.
MLA Nzennwa, Rosemary et al. “Constraints to Financing Cassava Value Chain Actors in Enugu State, Nigeria”. Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 1, 2025, pp. 37-50, doi:10.24181/tarekoder.1603395.
Vancouver Nzennwa R, Igweh A, Nzennwa F. Constraints to financing cassava value chain actors in Enugu State, Nigeria. TJAE. 2025;31(1):37-50.
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