Öz
Abiotic stresses reduce seed germination by increasing deterioration of seed quality, reducing germination potential and seed viability. Therefore, it is important to improve seed germination under abiotic stress conditions. Melatonin has been shown to play an active role in the acquisition of tolerance to various abiotic stress factors in plants. However, limited studies have been conducted on the possible roles of melatonin metabolites in plants and the results suggests that these metabolites may also function similarly to melatonin. Therefore, in this study, the effects of cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin (3-ohm), a melatonin metabolite, on seed germination under stress conditions (drought and salt stress) were investigated. For this purpose, pepper seeds treated with 3-ohm at different concentrations (0 μM, 10 μM, 50 μM and 100 μM) were subjected to germination test under salt (0, 75, 100 and 125 mM NaCl) and water (0, 75 and 100 gL⁻¹ PEG 6000) stresses. As a result of the study, all concentrations of 3-ohm treatments increased the germination percentage, germination uniformity, germination rate, root length and vigor index of pepper seeds subjected to germination test under salt and water stress compared to control treatment. It was also concluded that 3-ohm has a melatonin-like function in increasing tolerance to salt and water stresses at the germination stage in pepper and plays an active role in increasing stress tolerance by acting as an antioxidant.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cyclic 3- Hydroxymelatonin Salinity stress Water stress RNS ROS vigor index
Destekleyen Kurum
TUBITAK/BİDEB-2218
Proje Numarası
Project number:121C409
Teşekkür
This study is a part of the project numbered 121C409 carried out with the support of TUBITAK/BİDEB-2218. I would like to thank TUBITAK for their support. I would also like to express my endless respect and gratitude to my esteemed teacher Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gökçen YAKUPOĞLU for his scientific support in my study.
Kaynakça
- Kanal, A., Balkaya, A., Karaağaç, O., 2021. Capsicum baccatum türüne ait biber genotiplerinin fenotipik kök özellikleri yönünden seleksiyonu. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 26(1):19-33.
- Umair Hassan, M., Aamer, M., Umer Chattha, M., Haiying, T., Shahzad, B., Barbanti, L., Nawaz, M., Rasheed, A., Afzal, A., Liu, Y., Guoqin, H., 2020. The critical role of zinc in plants facing the drought stress. Agriculture, 10(9):396.
- Yang, Y., Guo, Y., 2018. Unraveling salt stress signaling in plants. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 60(9):796-804.
- Wang, L., Tanveer, M., Wang, H., Arnao, M.B., 2024. Melatonin as a key regulator in seed germination under abiotic stress. Journal of Pineal Research, 76(1):e12937.
- Li, R., Jiang, M., Song, Y., Zhang, H., 2021. Melatonin alleviates low-temperature stress via ABI5-mediated signals during seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 727596.
- Jahan, M.S., Guo, S., Sun, J., Shu, S., Wang, Y., Abou El-Yazied, A., Alabdallah N.M., Hikal M., Mohamed M.H.M., Ibrahim M.F.M., Hasan, M.M., 2021. Melatonin-mediated photosynthetic performance of tomato seedlings under high-temperature stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 167, 309-320.
- Tiwari, R.K., Lal, M.K., Kumar, R., Chourasia, K.N., Naga, K.C., Kumar, D., Das, S.K., Zinta, G., 2021. Mechanistic insights on melatonin‐mediated drought stress mitigation in plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 172(2):1212-1226.
- Li, J., Liu, J., Zhu, T., Zhao, C., Li, L., & Chen, M., 2019. The role of melatonin in salt stress responses. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(7), 1735.
- Khan, M.N., Zhang, J., Luo, T., Liu, J., Rizwan, M., Fahad, S., Xu, Z., Hu, L., 2019. Seed priming with melatonin coping drought stress in rapeseed by regulating reactive oxygen species detoxification: Antioxidant defense system, osmotic adjustment, stomatal traits and chloroplast ultrastructure perseveration, Industrial Crops and Products, 140, 111597.
- Düver, E., 2019. Biberde tohum melatonin içeriği ile üşüme stresi koşulları altında çimlenme ve çıkış performansı arasında ilişkinin araştırılması. KSÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 82s.
- Yakupoğlu, G., Köklü, Ş., Korkmaz, A., 2018. Bitkilerde melatonin ve üstlendiği görevler. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(2):264-276.
- Erland, L., Saxena, P.K., 2017. Beyond a neurotransmitter: The role of serotonin in plants. Neurotransmitter, 4, e1538
- Hardeland, R., 2021. Melatonin, its metabolites and their interference with reactive nitrogen compounds. Molecules, 26(13):4105.
- Tan, D.X., Reiter, R.J., 2020. An evolutionary view of melatonin synthesis and metabolism related to its biological functions in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 71(16):4677-4689.
- Choi, G.H., Back, K., 2019. Suppression of melatonin 2-hydroxylase increases melatonin production leading to the enhanced abiotic stress tolerance against cadmium, senescence, salt, and tunicamycin in rice plants. Biomolecules, 9(10):589.
- Álvarez-Diduk, R., Galano, A., Tan, D.X., Reiter, R.J., 2015. N-Acetylserotonin and 6-hydroxymelatonin against oxidative stress: Implications for the overall protection exerted by melatonin. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 119(27):8535-8543.
- Lee, K., Zawadzka, A., Czarnocki, Z., Reiter, R.J., Back, K., 2016. Molecular cloning of melatonin 3‐hydroxylase and its production of cyclic 3‐hydroxymelatonin in rice (Oryza sativa). Journal of Pineal Research, 61(4):470-478.
- Bugg, T.D., 2003. Dioxygenase enzymes: catalytic mechanisms and chemical models. Tetrahedron, 59(36):7075-7102.
- Back, K., 2021. Melatonin metabolism, signaling and possible roles in plants. The Plant Journal, 105(2):376-391.
- Lee, H.J., Back, K., 2019. 2-Hydroxymelatonin confers tolerance against combined cold and drought stress in tobacco, tomato, and cucumber as a potent anti-stress compound in the evolution of land plants. Melatonin Research, 2(2):35-46.
- Lee, H.J., Back, K., 2016. 2‐Hydroxymelatonin promotes the resistance of rice plant to multiple simultaneous abiotic stresses (combined cold and drought). Journal of Pineal Research, 61(3):303-316.
- Lee, H.Y., Back, K., 2022. 2-hydroxymelatonin promotes seed germination by increasing reactive oxygen species production and gibberellin synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Antioxidants, 11(4):737.
- Korkmaz, A., Sözeri, E., Ardıç, Ş.K., Havan, A., 2023. 2-hydroxymelatonin (2-OHM), a major melatonin metabolite, confers multiple stress tolerance in pepper at seed germination stage. South African Journal of Botany, 162:830-837.
- Shah, A.A., Yasin, N.A., Ahmed, S., Abbas, M., Abbasi, G.H., 2021. 4-Hydroxymelatonin alleviates nickel stress, improves physiochemical traits of Solanum melongena: Regulation of polyamine metabolism and antioxidative enzyme. Scientia Horticulturae, 282, 110036.
- Lee, K., Zawadzka, A., Czarnocki, Z., Reiter, R.J., Back, K., 2016. Molecular cloning of melatonin 3‐hydroxylase and its production of cyclic 3‐hydroxymelatonin in rice (Oryza sativa). Journal of Pineal Research, 61(4):470-478.
- Mannino, G., Pernici, C., Serio, G., Gentile, C., Bertea, C.M. 2021. Melatonin and Phytomelatonin: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Distribution and Bioactivity in Plants and Animals-An Overview. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(18):9996.
- Reiter, R. J., Mayo, J.C., Tan, D.X., Sainz, R.M., Alatorre-Jimenez, M.A., Qin, L., 2016. Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers. Journal of Pineal Research, 61(3):253-278.
- Hu, J., Zhu, Z.Y., Song, W.J., Wang, J.C., Hu, W.M., 2005. Effects of sand priming on germination and field performance in direct-sown rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Science Technology, 33:243-248.
- Tan, D.X., Hardeland, R., Manchester, L.C., Galano, A., Reiter, R.J., 2014. Cyclic-3-hydroxymelatonin (C3HOM), a potent antioxidant, scavenges free radicles and suppresses oxidative reactions. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 21:1557-1565.
- Galano, A., Tan, D.X., Reiter, R.J., 2014. Cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin, a key metabolite enhancing the peroxyl radical scavenging activity of melatonin. RSC Adv, 4:5220-5227.
- Lee, H.Y., Back, K., 2022. The antioxidant cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin promotes the growth and flowering of Arabidopsis thaliana. Antioxidants, 11(6):1157.
Öz
Abiyotik stres koşulları tohum kalitesini bozarak, tohumun canlılığını ve çimlenme potansiyelini azaltmaktadır. Bu nedenle, abiyotik stres koşulları altında tohum çimlenmesini iyileştirmek önemlidir. Melatonin’in bitkilerde çeşitli abiyotik stres faktörlerine karşı tolerans kazanılmasında etkin rol aldığı ortaya konmuştur. Ancak, melatonin metabolitlerin bitkilerdeki olası rolleri üzerinde sınırlı sayıda çalışma yürütülmüş ve sonuçlar bu metabolitlerinde melatonin benzeri görevlere sahip olduğu yönündedir. O nedenle bu çalışmada bir melatonin metaboliti olan cyclic 3-hidroksimelatoninin (3-ohm) stres koşulları altında (kuraklık ve tuz stresi) tohum çimlenmesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaca yönelik değişik konsantrasyonlarda (0 μM, 10 μM, 50 μM ve 100 μM) 3-ohm uygulanmış biber tohumları, tuz (0, 75, 100 ve 125 mM NaCl) ve su (0, 75 ve 100 gL⁻¹ PEG 6000) stresleri altında çimlenme testine tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda 3-ohm uygulamalarının tüm konsantrasyonlarının, tuz ve su stresi altındaki çimlenme testine tabi tutulan biber tohumlarının çimlenme yüzdelerini, çimlenme üniformitesini, çimlenme hızını, kökçük uzunluğu ve vigor indeksini kontrol uygulamasına kıyasla arttırdığı gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca 3-ohm’in biberde çimlenme aşamasında tuz ve su streslerine karşı toleransı arttırmada melatonin benzeri fonksiyona sahip olduğu ve antioksidan olarak görev yaparak stres toleransının artmasında aktif rol aldığı sonucunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cyclic 3- Hidroksimelatonin tuzluluk stresi su stresi RNS ROS vigor indeksi
Proje Numarası
Project number:121C409
Kaynakça
- Kanal, A., Balkaya, A., Karaağaç, O., 2021. Capsicum baccatum türüne ait biber genotiplerinin fenotipik kök özellikleri yönünden seleksiyonu. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 26(1):19-33.
- Umair Hassan, M., Aamer, M., Umer Chattha, M., Haiying, T., Shahzad, B., Barbanti, L., Nawaz, M., Rasheed, A., Afzal, A., Liu, Y., Guoqin, H., 2020. The critical role of zinc in plants facing the drought stress. Agriculture, 10(9):396.
- Yang, Y., Guo, Y., 2018. Unraveling salt stress signaling in plants. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 60(9):796-804.
- Wang, L., Tanveer, M., Wang, H., Arnao, M.B., 2024. Melatonin as a key regulator in seed germination under abiotic stress. Journal of Pineal Research, 76(1):e12937.
- Li, R., Jiang, M., Song, Y., Zhang, H., 2021. Melatonin alleviates low-temperature stress via ABI5-mediated signals during seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 727596.
- Jahan, M.S., Guo, S., Sun, J., Shu, S., Wang, Y., Abou El-Yazied, A., Alabdallah N.M., Hikal M., Mohamed M.H.M., Ibrahim M.F.M., Hasan, M.M., 2021. Melatonin-mediated photosynthetic performance of tomato seedlings under high-temperature stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 167, 309-320.
- Tiwari, R.K., Lal, M.K., Kumar, R., Chourasia, K.N., Naga, K.C., Kumar, D., Das, S.K., Zinta, G., 2021. Mechanistic insights on melatonin‐mediated drought stress mitigation in plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 172(2):1212-1226.
- Li, J., Liu, J., Zhu, T., Zhao, C., Li, L., & Chen, M., 2019. The role of melatonin in salt stress responses. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(7), 1735.
- Khan, M.N., Zhang, J., Luo, T., Liu, J., Rizwan, M., Fahad, S., Xu, Z., Hu, L., 2019. Seed priming with melatonin coping drought stress in rapeseed by regulating reactive oxygen species detoxification: Antioxidant defense system, osmotic adjustment, stomatal traits and chloroplast ultrastructure perseveration, Industrial Crops and Products, 140, 111597.
- Düver, E., 2019. Biberde tohum melatonin içeriği ile üşüme stresi koşulları altında çimlenme ve çıkış performansı arasında ilişkinin araştırılması. KSÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 82s.
- Yakupoğlu, G., Köklü, Ş., Korkmaz, A., 2018. Bitkilerde melatonin ve üstlendiği görevler. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 21(2):264-276.
- Erland, L., Saxena, P.K., 2017. Beyond a neurotransmitter: The role of serotonin in plants. Neurotransmitter, 4, e1538
- Hardeland, R., 2021. Melatonin, its metabolites and their interference with reactive nitrogen compounds. Molecules, 26(13):4105.
- Tan, D.X., Reiter, R.J., 2020. An evolutionary view of melatonin synthesis and metabolism related to its biological functions in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 71(16):4677-4689.
- Choi, G.H., Back, K., 2019. Suppression of melatonin 2-hydroxylase increases melatonin production leading to the enhanced abiotic stress tolerance against cadmium, senescence, salt, and tunicamycin in rice plants. Biomolecules, 9(10):589.
- Álvarez-Diduk, R., Galano, A., Tan, D.X., Reiter, R.J., 2015. N-Acetylserotonin and 6-hydroxymelatonin against oxidative stress: Implications for the overall protection exerted by melatonin. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 119(27):8535-8543.
- Lee, K., Zawadzka, A., Czarnocki, Z., Reiter, R.J., Back, K., 2016. Molecular cloning of melatonin 3‐hydroxylase and its production of cyclic 3‐hydroxymelatonin in rice (Oryza sativa). Journal of Pineal Research, 61(4):470-478.
- Bugg, T.D., 2003. Dioxygenase enzymes: catalytic mechanisms and chemical models. Tetrahedron, 59(36):7075-7102.
- Back, K., 2021. Melatonin metabolism, signaling and possible roles in plants. The Plant Journal, 105(2):376-391.
- Lee, H.J., Back, K., 2019. 2-Hydroxymelatonin confers tolerance against combined cold and drought stress in tobacco, tomato, and cucumber as a potent anti-stress compound in the evolution of land plants. Melatonin Research, 2(2):35-46.
- Lee, H.J., Back, K., 2016. 2‐Hydroxymelatonin promotes the resistance of rice plant to multiple simultaneous abiotic stresses (combined cold and drought). Journal of Pineal Research, 61(3):303-316.
- Lee, H.Y., Back, K., 2022. 2-hydroxymelatonin promotes seed germination by increasing reactive oxygen species production and gibberellin synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Antioxidants, 11(4):737.
- Korkmaz, A., Sözeri, E., Ardıç, Ş.K., Havan, A., 2023. 2-hydroxymelatonin (2-OHM), a major melatonin metabolite, confers multiple stress tolerance in pepper at seed germination stage. South African Journal of Botany, 162:830-837.
- Shah, A.A., Yasin, N.A., Ahmed, S., Abbas, M., Abbasi, G.H., 2021. 4-Hydroxymelatonin alleviates nickel stress, improves physiochemical traits of Solanum melongena: Regulation of polyamine metabolism and antioxidative enzyme. Scientia Horticulturae, 282, 110036.
- Lee, K., Zawadzka, A., Czarnocki, Z., Reiter, R.J., Back, K., 2016. Molecular cloning of melatonin 3‐hydroxylase and its production of cyclic 3‐hydroxymelatonin in rice (Oryza sativa). Journal of Pineal Research, 61(4):470-478.
- Mannino, G., Pernici, C., Serio, G., Gentile, C., Bertea, C.M. 2021. Melatonin and Phytomelatonin: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Distribution and Bioactivity in Plants and Animals-An Overview. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(18):9996.
- Reiter, R. J., Mayo, J.C., Tan, D.X., Sainz, R.M., Alatorre-Jimenez, M.A., Qin, L., 2016. Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers. Journal of Pineal Research, 61(3):253-278.
- Hu, J., Zhu, Z.Y., Song, W.J., Wang, J.C., Hu, W.M., 2005. Effects of sand priming on germination and field performance in direct-sown rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Science Technology, 33:243-248.
- Tan, D.X., Hardeland, R., Manchester, L.C., Galano, A., Reiter, R.J., 2014. Cyclic-3-hydroxymelatonin (C3HOM), a potent antioxidant, scavenges free radicles and suppresses oxidative reactions. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 21:1557-1565.
- Galano, A., Tan, D.X., Reiter, R.J., 2014. Cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin, a key metabolite enhancing the peroxyl radical scavenging activity of melatonin. RSC Adv, 4:5220-5227.
- Lee, H.Y., Back, K., 2022. The antioxidant cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin promotes the growth and flowering of Arabidopsis thaliana. Antioxidants, 11(6):1157.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sebze Yetiştirme ve Islahı |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | Project number:121C409 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Mayıs 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 17 Aralık 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 4 Mart 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 54 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
BAHÇE Dergisi
bahcejournal@gmail.com
https://bahcejournal.org
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