Research Article
Fosforla Zenginleştirilmiş Koyun Yünü Uygulamalarının Marul Bitkisinin Gelişimi ve Besin Elementi Alımına Etkileri
Abstract
Tarımsal üretim neticesinde ortaya çıkan ve yapı, giyim, yem, yem katkı maddesi gibi öncelikli kullanım alanlarında değerlendirilemeyen atıklardan birisi de koyun yünüdür. Ülkemizde her yıl yaklaşık olarak 100 bin ton atık koyun yünü ortaya çıkmakta ve bu materyal doğru değerlendirilmediğinde önemli derecede çevre kirliliğine sebep olabilmektedir. Bileşimindeki keratin aminoasidi nedeniyle önemli düzeyde azot içeren koyun yününün bitkilere besin maddesi alımını teşvik edebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu bilgiden hareketle kurgulanan bu çalışmada koyun yünü önce alkali bir çözelti ile hidrolize edilmiş, sonrasında ise fosforla zenginleştirilmiştir (P-Yün). Çalışmada artan düzeylerde (0, 1, 2 ve 4 g kg-1) uygulanan P-Yün’ün marul bitkisinin gelişimi ile besin elementi (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Mn ve Cu) konsantrasyonu ve alımına etkisi sera koşullarında araştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, artan dozlarda uygulanan P-Yün bitkide kuru ağırlığı, P ve K konsantrasyonlarını artırırken, N, Ca, Fe ve Mn konsantrasyonlarını azaltmıştır. Diğer taraftan, P-Yün uygulamaları ile kontrole göre daha yüksek besin maddesi alımları belirlenmiştir. Bu haliyle koyun yünü ve bundan elde edilecek çeşitli gübrelerin tarım alanlarında gübre materyali olarak değerlendirilmesi, çevre kirliliği riskini azaltabileceği gibi yerel kaynaklardan gübre elde edilmesini sağlayarak hem tarım topraklarımızda verimliliği artırabilecek hem de kimyasal gübrede dış ülkelere olan bağımlılığımızı azaltabilecek bir potansiyel taşımaktadır.
References
- Akca H, Taskin MB, Tugrul M, Babar SK, Gunes A (2023) Waste Sheep Wool and its Hydrolysate as a nutritional support for Sugar Beet. Sugar Tech 25:1566–1577.
- Alewell C, Ringeval B, Ballabio C, Robinson DA, Panagos P, Borrelli P (2020) Global phosphorus shortage will be aggravated by soil erosion. Nature Communications 11:4546.
- Başçetinçelik A, Karaca C, Öztürk HH (2005) Bazı Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinde Biyokütle Politikaları. V. Ulusal Temiz Enerji Sempozyumu, 26-28 Mayıs 2004, İstanbul. 439-448.
- Bouyoucos GJ (1951) A realibration of hydrometer for making mechanical analysis of soil. Agronomy Journal 43, 434-438.
- Bremner JM (1965) Total Nitrogen Methods of Soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. In: Black CA (ed), Black. Amer. Soc. of Agron. Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series. No: 9, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. 1149-1178.
- Cavani L, Ter Halle A, Richard C, Ciavatta C (2006) Photosensitizing properties of protein hydrolysate-based fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54:9160–9167.
- Cerdán M, Sánchez-Sánchez A, Oliver M, Juárez M, Sánchez-Andreu JJ (2009) Effect of foliar and root applications of amino acids on iron uptake by tomato plants. In IV Balkan Symposium on Vegetables and Potatoes 830:481-488.
- Colla G, Rouphael Y, Canaguier R, Svecova E, Cardarelli M (2014) Biostimulant action of a plant-derived protein hydrolysate produced through enzymatic hydrolysis. Frontiers in Plant Science 5:448.
- Çetin Karaca U, Chalabee OAH, Saba M (2022) The Effect of Sheep Wool Fertilizer on Some Biochemical Properties of a Clay Loam Soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 1-14.
- Düzgüneş O (1963) Bilimsel Araştırmalarda İstatistik Prensipleri ve Metotları. E.Ü. Matbaası, İzmir.
- Eyüpoğlu F (1999) Türkiye Topraklarının Verimlilik Durumu. Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Ankara.
- Fellet G, Pilotto L, Marchiol L, Braidot E (2021) Tools for nano-enabled agriculture: fertilizers based on calcium phosphate, silicon and chitosan nanostructures. Agronomy 11:1239.
- Górecki RS, Górecki MT (2010) Utilization of waste wool as substrate amendment in pot cultivation of tomato, sweet pepper, and eggplan. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 19:1083-1087.
- Gupta S, Sharma A, Sharma S, Bhogal N (2014) Growth, macro and micronutrient concentration in clusterbean (Cyamposis tetragonoloba), plant tissue as well as in soil when amended with wool as fertilizer. Journal of Environmental Research and Development 8:607-613.
- Hargreaves M (2017) Waste wool works wonders. Countryside Magazine, https://www.utahfarmbureau. org/Article/ Waste-Wool-Works-Wonders. Erişim tarihi: 27 Şubat 2023.
- Hızalan E, Ünal H (1966) Topraklarda Önemli Kimyasal Analizler. A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, 278, Ankara.
- Holkar CR, Jadhav AJ, Bhavsar PS, Kannan S, Pinjari DV, Pandit AB (2016) Acoustic cavitation assisted alkaline hydrolysis of wool based keratins to produce organic amendment fertilizers. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 4:2789-2796.
- Jackson ML (1958) Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 498.
- Kadam VV, Meena LR, Singh S, Shakyawar DB, Naqvi SMK (2014) Utilization of coarse wool in agriculture for soil moisture conservation. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants 20: 83-86.
- Lal B, Sharma SC, Meena RL, Sarkar S, Sahoo A, Balai RC, Guatam P, Meena BP (2020) Utilization of by products of sheep farming as organic fertilizer for improving soil health and productivity of barley forage. Journal of Environmental Management 269:110765.
- Lambers H (2022) Phosphorus acquisition and utilization in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology 73:17–42. Lindsay WL, Norvell WA (1978) Development of a DTPA Soil Test for Zinc, Iron, Manganese and Copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal 42:421-428.
- McNeil SJ, Sunderland MR, Zaitseva LI (2007) Closed-loop wool carpet recycling. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 51:220-224.
- Mubarek AR, Omaima ER, Amal AA, Nemat EH (2009) Short-term studies on use of organic amendments for amelioration of a sandy soil. African Journal of Agricultural Research 4:621-627.
- Novais SV, Zenero MDO, Barreto MSC, Montes RC, Cerri PEC (2018) Phosphorus removal from eutrophic water using modified biochar. The Science of the Total Environment 633:825–35.
- Olsen SR, Cole CV, Watanabe FS, Dean NC (1954) Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soil by Extraction with Sodium Bicorbonate. United States Department of Agriculture Circular 939:1-18.
- Ordiales E, Gutiérrez JI, Zajara L, Gil J, Lanzke M (2016) Assessment of utilization of sheep wool pellets as organic fertilizer and soil amendment in processing tomato and broccoli. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology 2:20-35.
- Peiris C, Wathudura PD, Gunatilake SR, Gajanayake B, Wewalwela JJ, Abeysundara S, Vithanage M (2022) Effect of acid modified tea-waste biochar on crop productivity of red onion (Allium cepa L.). Chemosphere 288:132551.
- Pratt PF (1965) Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Methods of Soil Analysis. Ed: Black CA, American Society of Agronomy Madison 771-1572.
- Rengel Z, Cakmak I, White PJ (2022) Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Plants. 4th ed. London: Elsewier.
- Richards LA (1954) Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils. In: United States Department of Agriculture Handbook, 1070, USA.
- Sahin O, Gunes A, Babar SK, Deniz K, Kadioglu YK, Ozturk S, Inal A (2023) Phosphorus-enriched rice husk biochar affected growth and mineral nutrition of wheat and its residual effects on maize production. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 23(3):3085-3094.
- Sahin O, Gunes A, Deniz K, Kadioglu YK, Inal A (2024a) Primary and residual impacts of phosphoric acid modified biochar on growth and concentrations of essential and non-essential elements in lettuce and second crop arugula. Journal of Plant Nutrition 47(13): 2134-2148.
- Sahin O, Yagcioglu KD, Kadioglu YK, Gunes A (2024b) The Importance of Acidified Biochar as a Sustainable Phosphorus Source and its Role in Balanced Nutrition for Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 24(4):8035-8045.
- Sahin O, Yagcioglu KD, Kadioglu YK, Ozturk HS, Gunes A (2025) Valorization of Sheep Wool: Impact of Keratin Hydrolysate on the Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Lettuce, Spinach, and Radish Plants. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 1-11.
- Sümer SK, Kavdır Y, Çiçek G (2016) Türkiye’de Tarımsal ve Hayvansal Atıklardan Biyokömür Üretim Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 19(4):379-387.
- Taskin MB, Akca H, Kan S, Taskin H, Deniz K, Kadioglu YK, Nikolic M, Cakmak I, Gunes, A (2023) Silicon-phosphate obtained from rice husk: A sustainable alternative to phosphate fertilizer evaluated for barley and maize in different soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 23(3):3186-3196.
- Taskin MB (2024) Reducing mineral fertilizer usage: Utilizing sheep wool and alkaline hydrolysate for enhanced sugar beet cultivation. Sugar Tech 26(6):1653-1664.
- Temminghoff EE, Houba VJ (2004) Plant analysis procedures. 1-178, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, USA.
- Vončina A, Mihelič R (2013) Sheep wool and leather waste as fertilizers in organic production of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 101:191-200.
- White PJ, Hammond JP (2008) Phosphorus nutrition of terrestrial plants. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 51–81.
- Zheljazkov VD (2005) Assessment of wool waste and hair waste as soil amendment and nutrient source. Journal of Environmental Quality 34:2310-2317.
Effects of Phosphorus Enriched Sheep Wool Treatments on Growth and Mineral Element Uptake of Lettuce Plant
Abstract
Sheep wool is one of the wastes generated from agricultural production that cannot be utilized as construction material, clothing, feed or feed additive. Approximately 100 thousand metric tons of waste sheep wool is generated in our country every year, and this waste causes serious environmental pollution risk if it is not evaluated properly. It is thought that sheep wool, which contains a large amount of nitrogen due to the keratin amino acid in its composition, can promote the uptake of mineral elements by plants. In this study, sheep wool was first hydrolyzed with an alkaline solution and then enriched with phosphorus (P-Wool). In this study, the effects of increasing doses of P-Wool (0, 1, 2 and 4 g kg-1) on lettuce plant growth, mineral element concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) and uptake were investigated under greenhouse conditions. According to the results, increasing doses of P-Wool increased dry weight of plants and P and K concentrations, while decreasing N, Ca, Fe and Mn concentrations. On the other hand, P-Wool treatments increased the uptake of all mineral nutrients compared to the control. In this case, the use of sheep wool and various fertilizers derived from sheep wool in agricultural production can reduce the risk of environmental pollution and increase new fertilizers produced from local sources. Thus, agricultural soil fertility can be increased and foreign dependence on fertilizer production can be reduced.
References
- Akca H, Taskin MB, Tugrul M, Babar SK, Gunes A (2023) Waste Sheep Wool and its Hydrolysate as a nutritional support for Sugar Beet. Sugar Tech 25:1566–1577.
- Alewell C, Ringeval B, Ballabio C, Robinson DA, Panagos P, Borrelli P (2020) Global phosphorus shortage will be aggravated by soil erosion. Nature Communications 11:4546.
- Başçetinçelik A, Karaca C, Öztürk HH (2005) Bazı Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinde Biyokütle Politikaları. V. Ulusal Temiz Enerji Sempozyumu, 26-28 Mayıs 2004, İstanbul. 439-448.
- Bouyoucos GJ (1951) A realibration of hydrometer for making mechanical analysis of soil. Agronomy Journal 43, 434-438.
- Bremner JM (1965) Total Nitrogen Methods of Soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. In: Black CA (ed), Black. Amer. Soc. of Agron. Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series. No: 9, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. 1149-1178.
- Cavani L, Ter Halle A, Richard C, Ciavatta C (2006) Photosensitizing properties of protein hydrolysate-based fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54:9160–9167.
- Cerdán M, Sánchez-Sánchez A, Oliver M, Juárez M, Sánchez-Andreu JJ (2009) Effect of foliar and root applications of amino acids on iron uptake by tomato plants. In IV Balkan Symposium on Vegetables and Potatoes 830:481-488.
- Colla G, Rouphael Y, Canaguier R, Svecova E, Cardarelli M (2014) Biostimulant action of a plant-derived protein hydrolysate produced through enzymatic hydrolysis. Frontiers in Plant Science 5:448.
- Çetin Karaca U, Chalabee OAH, Saba M (2022) The Effect of Sheep Wool Fertilizer on Some Biochemical Properties of a Clay Loam Soil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 1-14.
- Düzgüneş O (1963) Bilimsel Araştırmalarda İstatistik Prensipleri ve Metotları. E.Ü. Matbaası, İzmir.
- Eyüpoğlu F (1999) Türkiye Topraklarının Verimlilik Durumu. Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Ankara.
- Fellet G, Pilotto L, Marchiol L, Braidot E (2021) Tools for nano-enabled agriculture: fertilizers based on calcium phosphate, silicon and chitosan nanostructures. Agronomy 11:1239.
- Górecki RS, Górecki MT (2010) Utilization of waste wool as substrate amendment in pot cultivation of tomato, sweet pepper, and eggplan. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 19:1083-1087.
- Gupta S, Sharma A, Sharma S, Bhogal N (2014) Growth, macro and micronutrient concentration in clusterbean (Cyamposis tetragonoloba), plant tissue as well as in soil when amended with wool as fertilizer. Journal of Environmental Research and Development 8:607-613.
- Hargreaves M (2017) Waste wool works wonders. Countryside Magazine, https://www.utahfarmbureau. org/Article/ Waste-Wool-Works-Wonders. Erişim tarihi: 27 Şubat 2023.
- Hızalan E, Ünal H (1966) Topraklarda Önemli Kimyasal Analizler. A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, 278, Ankara.
- Holkar CR, Jadhav AJ, Bhavsar PS, Kannan S, Pinjari DV, Pandit AB (2016) Acoustic cavitation assisted alkaline hydrolysis of wool based keratins to produce organic amendment fertilizers. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 4:2789-2796.
- Jackson ML (1958) Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 498.
- Kadam VV, Meena LR, Singh S, Shakyawar DB, Naqvi SMK (2014) Utilization of coarse wool in agriculture for soil moisture conservation. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants 20: 83-86.
- Lal B, Sharma SC, Meena RL, Sarkar S, Sahoo A, Balai RC, Guatam P, Meena BP (2020) Utilization of by products of sheep farming as organic fertilizer for improving soil health and productivity of barley forage. Journal of Environmental Management 269:110765.
- Lambers H (2022) Phosphorus acquisition and utilization in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology 73:17–42. Lindsay WL, Norvell WA (1978) Development of a DTPA Soil Test for Zinc, Iron, Manganese and Copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal 42:421-428.
- McNeil SJ, Sunderland MR, Zaitseva LI (2007) Closed-loop wool carpet recycling. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 51:220-224.
- Mubarek AR, Omaima ER, Amal AA, Nemat EH (2009) Short-term studies on use of organic amendments for amelioration of a sandy soil. African Journal of Agricultural Research 4:621-627.
- Novais SV, Zenero MDO, Barreto MSC, Montes RC, Cerri PEC (2018) Phosphorus removal from eutrophic water using modified biochar. The Science of the Total Environment 633:825–35.
- Olsen SR, Cole CV, Watanabe FS, Dean NC (1954) Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soil by Extraction with Sodium Bicorbonate. United States Department of Agriculture Circular 939:1-18.
- Ordiales E, Gutiérrez JI, Zajara L, Gil J, Lanzke M (2016) Assessment of utilization of sheep wool pellets as organic fertilizer and soil amendment in processing tomato and broccoli. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology 2:20-35.
- Peiris C, Wathudura PD, Gunatilake SR, Gajanayake B, Wewalwela JJ, Abeysundara S, Vithanage M (2022) Effect of acid modified tea-waste biochar on crop productivity of red onion (Allium cepa L.). Chemosphere 288:132551.
- Pratt PF (1965) Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Methods of Soil Analysis. Ed: Black CA, American Society of Agronomy Madison 771-1572.
- Rengel Z, Cakmak I, White PJ (2022) Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition of Plants. 4th ed. London: Elsewier.
- Richards LA (1954) Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils. In: United States Department of Agriculture Handbook, 1070, USA.
- Sahin O, Gunes A, Babar SK, Deniz K, Kadioglu YK, Ozturk S, Inal A (2023) Phosphorus-enriched rice husk biochar affected growth and mineral nutrition of wheat and its residual effects on maize production. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 23(3):3085-3094.
- Sahin O, Gunes A, Deniz K, Kadioglu YK, Inal A (2024a) Primary and residual impacts of phosphoric acid modified biochar on growth and concentrations of essential and non-essential elements in lettuce and second crop arugula. Journal of Plant Nutrition 47(13): 2134-2148.
- Sahin O, Yagcioglu KD, Kadioglu YK, Gunes A (2024b) The Importance of Acidified Biochar as a Sustainable Phosphorus Source and its Role in Balanced Nutrition for Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 24(4):8035-8045.
- Sahin O, Yagcioglu KD, Kadioglu YK, Ozturk HS, Gunes A (2025) Valorization of Sheep Wool: Impact of Keratin Hydrolysate on the Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Lettuce, Spinach, and Radish Plants. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 1-11.
- Sümer SK, Kavdır Y, Çiçek G (2016) Türkiye’de Tarımsal ve Hayvansal Atıklardan Biyokömür Üretim Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 19(4):379-387.
- Taskin MB, Akca H, Kan S, Taskin H, Deniz K, Kadioglu YK, Nikolic M, Cakmak I, Gunes, A (2023) Silicon-phosphate obtained from rice husk: A sustainable alternative to phosphate fertilizer evaluated for barley and maize in different soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 23(3):3186-3196.
- Taskin MB (2024) Reducing mineral fertilizer usage: Utilizing sheep wool and alkaline hydrolysate for enhanced sugar beet cultivation. Sugar Tech 26(6):1653-1664.
- Temminghoff EE, Houba VJ (2004) Plant analysis procedures. 1-178, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, USA.
- Vončina A, Mihelič R (2013) Sheep wool and leather waste as fertilizers in organic production of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 101:191-200.
- White PJ, Hammond JP (2008) Phosphorus nutrition of terrestrial plants. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 51–81.
- Zheljazkov VD (2005) Assessment of wool waste and hair waste as soil amendment and nutrient source. Journal of Environmental Quality 34:2310-2317.
There are 41 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | March 3, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | June 18, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 22 Issue: 1 |
