Investigation of Agricultural Water Quality of Bursa-Nilüfer Hasanağa Dam Pond and Kütahya-Tavşanlı Adranos Stream
Abstract
In terms of sectoral distribution of water used in Turkey, approximately 75% is used for irrigation purposes. Irrigation planning varies depending on water quality. In particular, the usage of poor quality water through surface irrigation increases the damage. Quality criteria and classification systems were developed for the evaluation of irrigation waters. By using of these criteria and classification systems, monitoring the water quality of Hasanağa Pond and Adranos Stream, it will be useful for regional farmers to identify problems in agricultural productivity and to take precautions against pollution. In the results of the study, in winter in Adranos Stream, cations are aligned as Mg>Ca>Na>K>B, and anions are aligned as SO4>CO3>HCO3>Cl. In summer, cations are aligned as Na>K> Mg>Ca=B, and anions are aligned as SO4>HCO3>CO3>Cl. In Hasanağa Pond in winter, cations are aligned as Ca>K>Na>Mg=B, and anions are aligned as CO3>Cl>HCO3>SO4. In summer, cations are aligned as Na>K> Mg>Ca=B, and anions are aligned as SO4>CO3>HCO3>Cl. When the results regarding water quality classification were examined, it was determined that the usage of Adranos Stream and Hasanağa Pond in agricultural irrigation poses a problem in terms of salinity. During summer and winter periods, compared to Hasanağa pond, the EC value of Adranos Stream is approximately 2 times higher. When SAR values are compared to each other, it was understood that Adranos Stream may cause problems for agricultural irrigation, especially in summer. It was understood that Hasanağa pond has more suitable and higher quality water for agricultural irrigation compared to Adranos Stream.
Project Number
1919B012311452
References
- Ayers, RS, Westcot, DW (1985). Water quality for agriculture (Vol. 29). Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- Ayyıldız, M. (1990). Irrigation Water Quality and Salinity Problems. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publications. Ankara.
- Bauder, T.; Waskom, R.; Davis, J.; Sutherland, P. (2007) Irrigation water quality criteria. Crop Ser. Irrigation. Data Sheet, 506, 10–13.
- Bauder, TA, Waskom, R.M., Sutherland, P.L., Davis, J.G., Follett, R.H., Soltanpour, PN (2011). Irrigation water quality criteria. Online document.
- Bulut, S., Mert, R., Solak, K., Konuk, M. (2011). Some limnological characteristics of Selevir Dam Lake. Ecology, 20(80), 13-22. http://www.ekolojidergisi.com.tr/
- Coşkun, F. (2022). Determination of phytoplankton and water quality of raw water taken from Doğancı Dam Lake (Bursa) to the treatment plant. Master's thesis, Graduate School Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Bursa Uludag University. Dalkıran, N., Karacaoğlu, D., Mestik, D.T., Karabayırlı, G., Atak, S., Koşucu, T. N. A., et al. (2020). Evaluation of water quality of Mustafakemalpaşa Stream (Bursa) using factor analysis. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 16(1), 124-137. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.610888
- El Bilali, A., Taleb, A. (2020). Prediction of irrigation water quality parameters using machine learning models in a semi-arid environment. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 19(7), 439-451.
- Ersöz, Ö., Çamoğlu, G. (2020). Comparative evaluation of performance indicators of irrigation unions in Bursa province. Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Agriculture Journal, 34(2), 267-285.
- Feltz, H.; Engberg, R.; Sylvester, M. (1990). Water quality, bottom sediment, and biota studies associated with irrigation drainage in the Western United States. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydrological Fundamentals for Water Resources Management, Beijing, China, October 23-26. Publication no. 197
- Hoekstra, AY, Mekonnen, MM, Chapagain, AK, Mathews, RE, Richter, BD, 2012.
- Johnston, N., Rolfe, J., Flint, N. (2024). A systematic review of agricultural use water quality indices. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 100417.
- Kapdı, E. B., Aşık, B. B. (2021). Evaluation of Irrigation Reservoir Water in Terms of Surface Water Quality and Irrigation Water Quality; Usak Province Güllübağ Reservoir Example. International Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2(1), 52-69. ISSN: 2757-8100
- Komarkova, J., Hezjlar, J. (1996). Summer Maxima of Phytoplankton in the Rimov Reservoir in Relation to Hydrologic Parameters ve Phosphorus Loading. Archives of Hydrobiology 136 (2), 217-236. 0003-9136/96/0136-0217
- Lind, O.T. (1990). Reservoir Eutrophication. Archive for Hydrobiology–Supplementary Results of Limnology.
- Malakar, A., Snow, D. D., Ray, C. (2019). Irrigation water quality—A contemporary perspective. Water, 11(7), 1482.
- Schofield, C.S. (1933). South coastal basin investigation, quality of irrigation water. California Department Public Works Division Water Resources. California.
- Schofield, C.S. (1935). The Salinity of Irrigation Water. Smithsonian Institue Annual Report, USA.
- Seiler, R. L., Skorupa, J. P., Naftz, D. L., Nolan, B. T. (2003). Irrigation-induced contamination of water, sediment, and biota in the western United States-synthesis of data from the National Irrigation Water Quality Program (Vol. 1655). Denver (CO): US Geological Survey.
- Singh, S.; Ghosh, NC; Gurjar, S.; Krishan, G.; Kumar, S.; Berwal, P. (2018). Index-based assessment of water quality suitability for irrigation purposes in Indian conditions. Environmental Monitoring and Assessetment 190, 29.
- Thorne, J.P., Thorne, D.W. (1951). Irrigation Water of Utah. Utah Agriculture Station Bulletin 346, Utah.
- Tüzüner, A. (1990). Soil and Water Analysis Laboratories Handbook. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, General Directorate of Rural Services, Ankara.
- USSL 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. U.S Department of Agriculture Handbook No. 60. USA.
- Wilcox, L.V., Magistrad, D.C. (1943). Interpretation of analysis of irrigation water and the relative tolerance of crop plants. U.S Department of Agriculture, Bureau Plant Industry, Soil and Agriculture Engineering, USA.
- Wilcox, L.V. (1948). The Quality of Water for Irrigation Use. Techical Bulletin 962, U.S Department of Agriculture, Washington.
- URL 1, Sulama Suyu Kalitesi ve Tuzluluk Ders Notları - ZiraatWeb (Accessed date: 28.07.2024).
- Vörösmarty, C.J., McIntyre, P.B., Gessner, M.O., Dudgeon, D., Prusevich, A., Green, P., Davies, P.M., (2010). Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature, 467 (7315), 555–561. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09440.
- Yıldız, S., Karakuş, C. B. (2020). Estimation of irrigation water quality index with development of an optimum model: a case study. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22, 4771-4786.
- Yurtseven, I., Randhir, T. O. (2020). Multivariate assessment of spatial and temporal variations in irrigation water quality in Lake Uluabat watershed of Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(12), 793.
Investigation of Agricultural Water Quality of Bursa-Nilüfer Hasanağa Dam Pond and Kütahya-Tavşanlı Adranos Stream
Abstract
In terms of sectoral distribution of water used in Turkey, approximately 75% is used for irrigation purposes. Irrigation planning varies depending on water quality. In particular, the usage of poor quality water through surface irrigation increases the damage. Quality criteria and classification systems were developed for the evaluation of irrigation waters. By using of these criteria and classification systems, monitoring the water quality of Hasanağa Pond and Adranos Stream, it will be useful for regional farmers to identify problems in agricultural productivity and to take precautions against pollution. In the results of the study, in winter in Adranos Stream, cations are aligned as Mg>Ca>Na>K>B, and anions are aligned as SO4>CO3>HCO3>Cl. In summer, cations are aligned as Na>K> Mg>Ca=B, and anions are aligned as SO4>HCO3>CO3>Cl. In Hasanağa Pond in winter, cations are aligned as Ca>K>Na>Mg=B, and anions are aligned as CO3>Cl>HCO3>SO4. In summer, cations are aligned as Na>K> Mg>Ca=B, and anions are aligned as SO4>CO3>HCO3>Cl. When the results regarding water quality classification were examined, it was determined that the usage of Adranos Stream and Hasanağa Pond in agricultural irrigation poses a problem in terms of salinity. During summer and winter periods, compared to Hasanağa pond, the EC value of Adranos Stream is approximately 2 times higher. When SAR values are compared to each other, it was understood that Adranos Stream may cause problems for agricultural irrigation, especially in summer. It was understood that Hasanağa pond has more suitable and higher quality water for agricultural irrigation compared to Adranos Stream.
Project Number
1919B012311452
Thanks
Bu çalışma TÜBİTAK 2209-A Öğrenci araştırma projeleri kapsamında, 1919B012311452 proje numarasıyla desteklenmiştir.
References
- Ayers, RS, Westcot, DW (1985). Water quality for agriculture (Vol. 29). Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- Ayyıldız, M. (1990). Irrigation Water Quality and Salinity Problems. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publications. Ankara.
- Bauder, T.; Waskom, R.; Davis, J.; Sutherland, P. (2007) Irrigation water quality criteria. Crop Ser. Irrigation. Data Sheet, 506, 10–13.
- Bauder, TA, Waskom, R.M., Sutherland, P.L., Davis, J.G., Follett, R.H., Soltanpour, PN (2011). Irrigation water quality criteria. Online document.
- Bulut, S., Mert, R., Solak, K., Konuk, M. (2011). Some limnological characteristics of Selevir Dam Lake. Ecology, 20(80), 13-22. http://www.ekolojidergisi.com.tr/
- Coşkun, F. (2022). Determination of phytoplankton and water quality of raw water taken from Doğancı Dam Lake (Bursa) to the treatment plant. Master's thesis, Graduate School Of Natural And Applied Sciences, Bursa Uludag University. Dalkıran, N., Karacaoğlu, D., Mestik, D.T., Karabayırlı, G., Atak, S., Koşucu, T. N. A., et al. (2020). Evaluation of water quality of Mustafakemalpaşa Stream (Bursa) using factor analysis. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 16(1), 124-137. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.610888
- El Bilali, A., Taleb, A. (2020). Prediction of irrigation water quality parameters using machine learning models in a semi-arid environment. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 19(7), 439-451.
- Ersöz, Ö., Çamoğlu, G. (2020). Comparative evaluation of performance indicators of irrigation unions in Bursa province. Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Agriculture Journal, 34(2), 267-285.
- Feltz, H.; Engberg, R.; Sylvester, M. (1990). Water quality, bottom sediment, and biota studies associated with irrigation drainage in the Western United States. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hydrological Fundamentals for Water Resources Management, Beijing, China, October 23-26. Publication no. 197
- Hoekstra, AY, Mekonnen, MM, Chapagain, AK, Mathews, RE, Richter, BD, 2012.
- Johnston, N., Rolfe, J., Flint, N. (2024). A systematic review of agricultural use water quality indices. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 100417.
- Kapdı, E. B., Aşık, B. B. (2021). Evaluation of Irrigation Reservoir Water in Terms of Surface Water Quality and Irrigation Water Quality; Usak Province Güllübağ Reservoir Example. International Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2(1), 52-69. ISSN: 2757-8100
- Komarkova, J., Hezjlar, J. (1996). Summer Maxima of Phytoplankton in the Rimov Reservoir in Relation to Hydrologic Parameters ve Phosphorus Loading. Archives of Hydrobiology 136 (2), 217-236. 0003-9136/96/0136-0217
- Lind, O.T. (1990). Reservoir Eutrophication. Archive for Hydrobiology–Supplementary Results of Limnology.
- Malakar, A., Snow, D. D., Ray, C. (2019). Irrigation water quality—A contemporary perspective. Water, 11(7), 1482.
- Schofield, C.S. (1933). South coastal basin investigation, quality of irrigation water. California Department Public Works Division Water Resources. California.
- Schofield, C.S. (1935). The Salinity of Irrigation Water. Smithsonian Institue Annual Report, USA.
- Seiler, R. L., Skorupa, J. P., Naftz, D. L., Nolan, B. T. (2003). Irrigation-induced contamination of water, sediment, and biota in the western United States-synthesis of data from the National Irrigation Water Quality Program (Vol. 1655). Denver (CO): US Geological Survey.
- Singh, S.; Ghosh, NC; Gurjar, S.; Krishan, G.; Kumar, S.; Berwal, P. (2018). Index-based assessment of water quality suitability for irrigation purposes in Indian conditions. Environmental Monitoring and Assessetment 190, 29.
- Thorne, J.P., Thorne, D.W. (1951). Irrigation Water of Utah. Utah Agriculture Station Bulletin 346, Utah.
- Tüzüner, A. (1990). Soil and Water Analysis Laboratories Handbook. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, General Directorate of Rural Services, Ankara.
- USSL 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. U.S Department of Agriculture Handbook No. 60. USA.
- Wilcox, L.V., Magistrad, D.C. (1943). Interpretation of analysis of irrigation water and the relative tolerance of crop plants. U.S Department of Agriculture, Bureau Plant Industry, Soil and Agriculture Engineering, USA.
- Wilcox, L.V. (1948). The Quality of Water for Irrigation Use. Techical Bulletin 962, U.S Department of Agriculture, Washington.
- URL 1, Sulama Suyu Kalitesi ve Tuzluluk Ders Notları - ZiraatWeb (Accessed date: 28.07.2024).
- Vörösmarty, C.J., McIntyre, P.B., Gessner, M.O., Dudgeon, D., Prusevich, A., Green, P., Davies, P.M., (2010). Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity. Nature, 467 (7315), 555–561. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09440.
- Yıldız, S., Karakuş, C. B. (2020). Estimation of irrigation water quality index with development of an optimum model: a case study. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22, 4771-4786.
- Yurtseven, I., Randhir, T. O. (2020). Multivariate assessment of spatial and temporal variations in irrigation water quality in Lake Uluabat watershed of Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(12), 793.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Environmental Health, Food Sciences (Other) |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 1919B012311452 |
| Early Pub Date | April 9, 2025 |
| Publication Date | April 10, 2025 |
| Submission Date | August 1, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | March 28, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 1 |
