Abstract
Objective: Mast cells play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis dynamics, yet the specific factors driving hyperplastic gastric polyp formation remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate this gap by examining mast cell quantities in incidental gastric polyps, with a specific focus on hyperplastic lesions, and exploring their correlation with polypogenesis and metaplasia.
Methods: 45 endoscopy specimens exhibiting anterior non-atrophic chronic inactive gastritis (2014-2023) were examined. Following histological evaluations, the cases were classified into three groups: hyperplastic gastric polyps with or without intestinal metaplasia, and chronic inactive gastritis as the control. Mast cell density per unit area was assessed from toluidine blue-stained sections. Polyp diameter and demographic information were also recorded for statistical analysis.
Results: The average ages of patients with hyperplastic polyps, metaplasia, and gastritis were 51.2±12.84, 55.93±13.58, and 56.2±14.68, respectively (p>0.05). In each group, the proportion of women was higher. Mast cell density, which varied within each group, did not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05). The average polyp diameters for the metaplasia and hyperplastic polyp groups were 0.26 and 0.30 mm, respectively (p>0.05). There was no correlation between mast cell density and polyp diameter (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Intestinal metaplasia did not significantly influence mast cell density in non-dysplastic, low-malignant gastric polyps. Mast cell density and diameter in hyperplastic gastric polyps of 1 cm or smaller showed no correlation. Overall, non-cancerous gastric polypogenesis and mast cell count lack a unidirectional relationship.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Bilecik University (approval number: 2022/8-1).
Supporting Institution
This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project of Bilecik University (2023-01.BŞEÜ.33-02).
Project Number
2023-01.BŞEÜ.33-02
References
- 1. Segura-Villalobos D, Ramírez-Moreno IG, Martínez-Aguilar M, Ibarra-Sánchez A, Muñoz-Bello JO, Anaya-Rubio I, Padilla A, Macías-Silva M, Lizano M, González-Espinosa C. Mast cell–tumor interactions: molecular mechanisms of recruitment, intratumoral communication and potential therapeutic targets for tumor growth Cells 2022; 11(3):349.
- 2. Gounaris E, Erdman SE, Restaino C, Gurish MF, Friend DS, Gounari F, Lee DM, Zhang G, Glickman JN, Shin K. Mast cells are an essential hematopoietic component for polyp development. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2007; 104(50):19977-82.
- 3. Zhao P, Zhou P, Tang T, Si R, Ji Y, Hu X, Li A, Jiang Y. Levels of circulating mast cell progenitors and tumour‑infiltrating mast cells in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2022; 47(5):1-8.
- 4. Yacoub H, Bibani N, Sabbah M, Bellil N, Ouakaa A, Trad D, Gargouri D. Gastric polyps: a 10-year analysis of 18,496 upper endoscopies. BMC gastroenterol 2022; 22(1):1-7.
- 5. Jain R, Chetty R. Gastric hyperplastic polyps: a review. Dig Dis Sci 2009; 54(9):1839-46.
- 6. Assarzadegan N, Gonzalez R. Fundic gland polyp 2022. Available at: https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stomachfundicgland.html. Accessed October 1, 2023
- 7. Patil P, Legolvan M. Hyperplastic polyp 2022. Available at: https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stomachhyperplastic.html. Accessed October 1, 2023
- 8. Markowski AR, Markowska A, Guzinska-Ustymowicz K. Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of gastric hyperplastic polyps. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(40):8883-91.
- 9. Waldum H, Fossmark R. Gastritis, gastric polyps and gastric cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22(12):6548.
- 10. Dirschmid K, Platz-Baudin C, Stolte M. Why is the hyperplastic polyp a marker for the precancerous condition of the gastric mucosa? Virchows Arch 2006; 448(1):80-4.
- 11. Weisenberg E. Gastritis-features to report 2022. Available at: https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stomachgastritisfeatures.html. Accessed October 1, 2023
- 12. Rathod, S., A. Raj, and I. Wanikar. Quantitative analysis of mast cell count and density in chronic periodontal disease. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22(2):107-111.
- 13. Eissmann MF, Dijkstra C, Jarnicki A, Phesse T, Brunnberg J, Poh AR, Etemadi N, Tsantikos E, Thiem S, Huntington ND. IL-33-mediated mast cell activation promotes gastric cancer through macrophage mobilization. Nat Commun 2019; 10(1):2735.
- 14. Rathod S, Raj A, Wanikar I. Quantitative analysis of mast cell count and density in chronic periodontal disease. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22(2):107-11.
- 15. Piazuelo MB, Camargo MC, Mera RM, Delgado AG, Peek RM, Jr., Correa H, Schneider BG, Sicinschi LA, Mora Y, Bravo LE, Correa P. Eosinophils and mast cells in chronic gastritis: possible implications in carcinogenesis. Hum Pathol 2008; 39(9):1360-9.
- 16. Han AR, Sung CO, Kim KM, Park CK, Min BH, Lee JH, Kim JY, Chang DK, Kim YH, Rhee PL, Rhee JC, Kim JJ. The clinicopathological features of gastric hyperplastic polyps with neoplastic transformations: a suggestion of indication for endoscopic polypectomy. Gut Liver 2009; 3(4):271-5.
- 17. Lv YP , Peng LS, Wang QH, Chen N, Teng YS, Wang TT, Mao FY, Zhang JY, Cheng P, Liu YG, Kong H, Wu XL, Hao CJ, Chen W, Zhu J, Han B, Ma Q, Li K, Zou Q, Zhuang Y. Degranulation of mast cells induced by gastric cancer-derived adrenomedullin prompts gastric cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9(10):1034.
- 18. Molfetta R, Paolini R. The controversial role of intestinal mast cells in colon cancer. Cells 2023; 12(3):459.
- 19. Flores de los Rios PA, Soto Domínguez A, Arellano-Pérez Vertti RD, Castelán Maldonado EE, Velázquez Gauna SE, Morán Martínez J, Salas Treviño D, García Garza R. Differential expression of mast cell granules in samples of metastatic and non-metastatic colorectal cancer in patients. Acta Histochem 2020; 122(7):151618.
- 20. da Silva EAW, da Silva NMJW, Rodrigues RR, Adad SJ, de Lima Pereira SA, Ribeiro BM, Mendonça MS, Helmo FR, Rodrigues V, Rodrigues DBR. Arginase-1 and treg profile appear to modulate inflammatory process in patients with chronic gastritis: IL-33 may be the alarm cytokine in H. pylori-positive patients. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2536781.
Abstract
Amaç: Mast hücreleri tümör gelişimin dinamiklerinde önemli roller oynamaktadır, ancak hiperplastik gastrik polip oluşumunu yönlendiren spesifik faktörler net değildir. Çalışma, bu boşluğu açıklığa kavuşturmak amacıyla rastlantısal gastrik poliplerde mast hücre miktarlarını inceleyerek, özellikle hiperplastik lezyonlara odaklanarak, polip oluşumu ve metaplazi ile korelasyonlarını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: 2014-2023 yıllarına ait antral non-atrofik kronik inaktif gastrit gösteren 45 endoskopik örnek incelendi. Histolojik değerlendirmelerin ardından, vakalar intestinal metaplazisi olan ve olmayan hiperplastik gastrik polipler ve kontrol olarak kronik inaktif gastrit olacak şekilde üç gruba ayrıldı. Toluidin mavisi ile boyanmış kesitlerden birim alan başına mast hücresi yoğunluğu değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analiz için polip çapı ve demografik bilgiler de kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Hiperplastik polip, metaplazi ve gastritli hastaların ortalama yaşları sırasıyla 51.2±12.84, 55.93±13.58 ve 56.2±14.68 idi (p>0.05). Her grupta kadın oranı daha yüksekti. Mast hücre yoğunluğu, her grup içinde varyasyon göstermekle birlikte, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark göstermedi (p>0.05). Metaplazi ve hiperplastik polip grupları için ortalama polip çapları sırasıyla 0.26 ve 0.30 mm idi (p>0.05). Mast hücre yoğunluğu ile polip çapı arasında bir korelasyon bulunmadı (p>0.05).
Sonuç: İntestinal metaplazi non-displastik, düşük malignite gösteren gastrik poliplerde mast hücre yoğunluğunu önemli ölçüde etkilemedi. 1 cm veya daha küçük hiperplastik gastrik poliplerde mast hücre yoğunluğu ve polip çapı arasında bir korelasyon bulunmadı. Sonuç olarak, kanseröz olmayan gastrik polip oluşumu ile mast hücre sayısı arasında tek yönlü bir ilişki bulunmamaktadır.
Keywords
Project Number
2023-01.BŞEÜ.33-02
References
- 1. Segura-Villalobos D, Ramírez-Moreno IG, Martínez-Aguilar M, Ibarra-Sánchez A, Muñoz-Bello JO, Anaya-Rubio I, Padilla A, Macías-Silva M, Lizano M, González-Espinosa C. Mast cell–tumor interactions: molecular mechanisms of recruitment, intratumoral communication and potential therapeutic targets for tumor growth Cells 2022; 11(3):349.
- 2. Gounaris E, Erdman SE, Restaino C, Gurish MF, Friend DS, Gounari F, Lee DM, Zhang G, Glickman JN, Shin K. Mast cells are an essential hematopoietic component for polyp development. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2007; 104(50):19977-82.
- 3. Zhao P, Zhou P, Tang T, Si R, Ji Y, Hu X, Li A, Jiang Y. Levels of circulating mast cell progenitors and tumour‑infiltrating mast cells in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2022; 47(5):1-8.
- 4. Yacoub H, Bibani N, Sabbah M, Bellil N, Ouakaa A, Trad D, Gargouri D. Gastric polyps: a 10-year analysis of 18,496 upper endoscopies. BMC gastroenterol 2022; 22(1):1-7.
- 5. Jain R, Chetty R. Gastric hyperplastic polyps: a review. Dig Dis Sci 2009; 54(9):1839-46.
- 6. Assarzadegan N, Gonzalez R. Fundic gland polyp 2022. Available at: https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stomachfundicgland.html. Accessed October 1, 2023
- 7. Patil P, Legolvan M. Hyperplastic polyp 2022. Available at: https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stomachhyperplastic.html. Accessed October 1, 2023
- 8. Markowski AR, Markowska A, Guzinska-Ustymowicz K. Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of gastric hyperplastic polyps. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(40):8883-91.
- 9. Waldum H, Fossmark R. Gastritis, gastric polyps and gastric cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22(12):6548.
- 10. Dirschmid K, Platz-Baudin C, Stolte M. Why is the hyperplastic polyp a marker for the precancerous condition of the gastric mucosa? Virchows Arch 2006; 448(1):80-4.
- 11. Weisenberg E. Gastritis-features to report 2022. Available at: https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stomachgastritisfeatures.html. Accessed October 1, 2023
- 12. Rathod, S., A. Raj, and I. Wanikar. Quantitative analysis of mast cell count and density in chronic periodontal disease. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22(2):107-111.
- 13. Eissmann MF, Dijkstra C, Jarnicki A, Phesse T, Brunnberg J, Poh AR, Etemadi N, Tsantikos E, Thiem S, Huntington ND. IL-33-mediated mast cell activation promotes gastric cancer through macrophage mobilization. Nat Commun 2019; 10(1):2735.
- 14. Rathod S, Raj A, Wanikar I. Quantitative analysis of mast cell count and density in chronic periodontal disease. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22(2):107-11.
- 15. Piazuelo MB, Camargo MC, Mera RM, Delgado AG, Peek RM, Jr., Correa H, Schneider BG, Sicinschi LA, Mora Y, Bravo LE, Correa P. Eosinophils and mast cells in chronic gastritis: possible implications in carcinogenesis. Hum Pathol 2008; 39(9):1360-9.
- 16. Han AR, Sung CO, Kim KM, Park CK, Min BH, Lee JH, Kim JY, Chang DK, Kim YH, Rhee PL, Rhee JC, Kim JJ. The clinicopathological features of gastric hyperplastic polyps with neoplastic transformations: a suggestion of indication for endoscopic polypectomy. Gut Liver 2009; 3(4):271-5.
- 17. Lv YP , Peng LS, Wang QH, Chen N, Teng YS, Wang TT, Mao FY, Zhang JY, Cheng P, Liu YG, Kong H, Wu XL, Hao CJ, Chen W, Zhu J, Han B, Ma Q, Li K, Zou Q, Zhuang Y. Degranulation of mast cells induced by gastric cancer-derived adrenomedullin prompts gastric cancer progression. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9(10):1034.
- 18. Molfetta R, Paolini R. The controversial role of intestinal mast cells in colon cancer. Cells 2023; 12(3):459.
- 19. Flores de los Rios PA, Soto Domínguez A, Arellano-Pérez Vertti RD, Castelán Maldonado EE, Velázquez Gauna SE, Morán Martínez J, Salas Treviño D, García Garza R. Differential expression of mast cell granules in samples of metastatic and non-metastatic colorectal cancer in patients. Acta Histochem 2020; 122(7):151618.
- 20. da Silva EAW, da Silva NMJW, Rodrigues RR, Adad SJ, de Lima Pereira SA, Ribeiro BM, Mendonça MS, Helmo FR, Rodrigues V, Rodrigues DBR. Arginase-1 and treg profile appear to modulate inflammatory process in patients with chronic gastritis: IL-33 may be the alarm cytokine in H. pylori-positive patients. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2536781.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Pathology, Histology and Embryology |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 2023-01.BŞEÜ.33-02 |
| Early Pub Date | May 22, 2025 |
| Publication Date | May 28, 2025 |
| Submission Date | May 3, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | October 24, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 11 Issue: 2 |
