Biyoliflendirme işleminde farklı beyaz çürüklük mantarlarının ve inkübasyon sürelerinin odunun kimyasal bileşimi üzerine etkisi
Abstract
Kâğıt hamuru üretiminde yüksek enerji ve kimyasal madde tüketimi gibi olumsuz etkilerin bertaraf edilmesi amacıyla son yıllarda geliştirilen alternatif yöntemlerden birisi de biyoteknolojik uygulamaların bu sektörde kullanılmaya başlanmış olmasıdır. Bu yöntemde odun yongaları beyaz çürüklük mantarları ile muamele edilmekte ve böylece ligninin ön delignifikasyonu sağlanarak daha çevreci bir yöntemle kâğıt hamuru üretimi gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Biyolojik kâğıt hamuru üretimi (biyoliflendirme-biopulping) adı verilen bu alternatif modifiye yöntem sayesinde odunda bulunan ligninin bir kısmı beyaz çürüklük mantarlarının biyolojik degradasyonuyla yapıdan uzaklaştırılmaktadır.
Çalışmamızda beyaz çürüklük mantarlarından aktif delignifikasyon etkisine sahip Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus ve Ceriporiopsis subvermispora mantarları ile karaçam yongaları aşılanmak suretiyle biyolojik ön uygulama gerçekleştirilerek, biyolojik modifikasyon işlemlerinin odunun kimyasal bileşimi üzerindeki etkisi özellikle ligninin delignifikasyonu dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Mantar muamelesi sonrasında en hızlı ağırlık ve lignin kaybının 4. hafta sonunda gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. İnkübasyon süresine bağlı olarak mantar muamelesi sonrasında odundaki diğer bileşenlerin azalmasına bağlı olarak holoselüloz miktarları oransal olarak artış göstermiştir. Optimum inkübasyon süresinin belirlenmesi noktasında odunun kimyasal bileşimi üzerinde yapılan çalışmalara bağlı olarak P. chrysosporium için 4 hafta; P. ostreatus ve C. subvermispora için ise 6 haftalık inkübasyon sürelerinin optimum olduğu belirlenmiştir.
References
- Akhtar M, Attridge MC, Blanchette R, Myers R, Wall M, Sykes M, Koning JR, Burgess T, Wegner T, Kirk TK (1992) The white rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora saves electrical energy and improves strength properties during biomechanical pulping of wood in Biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry, 3-8. Kuwahara, M. Shimada, M., Eds., Tokyo: UNI Publishers Company, LTD.
- Akhtar M, Kirk TK, Blanchette R (1996) Biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry, recent advances in applied and fundamental research. Sixth Intemational Conference, 187-192.
- Bajpai P, Bajpai PK, Akhtar M, Jauhari MB (2001) Biokraft pulping of eucalyptus with selected lignin-degrading fungi. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, 27(7): 235-239.
- Blanchette RA, Leatham GF, Attridge MC, Akhtar M, Myers GC (1991) Biomechanical pulping with C. Subvermispora. U. S. Patent No. 5, 055, 159.
- Calvo-Flores FG, Martin-Martinez FJ (2022) Biorefineries: achievements and challenges for a bio-based economy. Front. Chem, 10: 973417.
- Campbell WG (1952) The biological decomposition of wood. In: Wood Chemistry, Ed. Wise and EC. Jahn, 2nd Edn, Rheinhold Publisher Corp., NY.
- Copur Y, Tozluoglu A (2008) A comparison of kraft, PS, kraft-AQ and kraft-NaBH4 pulps of Brutia pine. Bioresource Technology, 99(5): 909-913.
- Eriksson EK, Kirk TK (1985) Biopulping, biobleaching and treatment of kraft bleaching effluents with white-rot fungi. In: The Principles of Biotechnology; Engineering Considerations. In: Comprehensive Biotechnology: The Principles, Applications and Regulations of Biotechnology in Industry, Agriculture and Medicine, Pergamon Pres, New York, pp 271–294.
- Fischer K, Akhtar M, Blanchette R, Burgess T, Messner K, Kirk K (1994) Reduction of resin content in wood chips during experimental biological pulping processes. Holzforschung, 48: 285–290.
- Fonseca MI, Farina JI, Castrillo ML, Rodriguez MD, Nunez CE, Villalba LL (2014) Biopulping of wood chips with Phlebia brevispora BAFC 633 reduces lignin content and improves pulp quality. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 90: 29-35.
- Hammel K (1996) In driven by nature: plant litter quality and decomposition. 3- 6. Gadisch G and Giller G Eds. CAB International. Hatakka A, Mettala A, Maijala P, Ellmen J (2000) Evaluation of fungi for bio-kraft pulping of softwood. 2000 Tappi Pulping/Process & Product Quality Conference, Nov. 5-8, Boston, MA.
- Highley TL, Murmanis LL (1987) Micromorphology of degradation in western hemlock and sweetgum by the white-rot fungus Coriolus versicolor. Hozforschung, 41: 67-71.
- Jianming L, Shuaiming H, Lihuan M, Shasha G, Pengcheng L, Xi Z, Jun L, (2021) Mass-production of high-yield and high-strength thermomechanical pulp fibers from plant residues enabled by ozone pretreatment. J. Clean. Prod., 296: 126575.
- İstek A, Sivrikaya H, Eroğlu H, Gülsoy SK (2005) Biodegradation of Abies bornmülleriana (Mattf.) and Fagus orientalis (L.) by the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 55(1): 63-67.
- Mendonca R, Guerra A, Ferraz A (2002) Delignification of Pinus taeda wood chips treated with C. subvermispora for preparing high-yield kraft pulps. J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnology, 77: 411-418.
- Molina JG, Allison B, Valenzuela C (2002) Characteristics and results of radiata pine kraft bleached biopulp. Iberoamerican Congress on Pulp and Paper Research.
- Tappi T 11 M-45 (1992) Sampling ad preparing wood for analysis. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tappi T 222 om-02 (2002) Acid-insoluble lignin in wood and pulp. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tappi T 204 cm-97 (1997) Solvent extractives of wood and pulp. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tappi T 212 om-98 (1998) One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood and wood pulp. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tozluoglu A (2007) Kraft, biyo-kraft, biyo-kraft-AQ, biyo-polisülfür ve biyo-kraft-sodyum borhidrür metotları ile kızılçamdan (Pinus brutia Ten.) kâğıt hamuru üretimi üzerine bir araştırma. Bolu İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Orman Endüstrisi Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bolu.
- Villalba LL (2003) Biological modification of lobloly pine chips with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora prior to kraft pulping, State University College of Enviromental Science and Forestry Doctorate Thesis, New York.
- Villalba L, Scott GM, Schroeder LR (2000) An update on biokraft pulping. ESPRA Research Report, 113: 21-28.
- Wise LE (1952) Wood chemistry. Reinhoid Publishing Corparation, Vol.: 1-2, New York.
- Yalınkılıç MK (1987) Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq. mantarının bazı kâğıtlık maddelerde yaptığı biyolojik degradasyon. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Trabzon.
- Young RA, Akhtar M (1998) Environmentally friendly technologies for the pulp and paper ındustry. John Wiley & Sons. Inc., New York, pp 577
Effect of different white rot fungi and incubation period on the chemical composition of wood in the biopulping process
Abstract
One of the alternative methods developed in recent years to eliminate the negative effects such as high energy and chemical consumption in pulp production is the use of biotechnological applications in this sector. In this method, wood chips are treated with white rot fungi and thus, preliminary delignification of lignin can be achieved and pulp production can be achieved in a more environmentally friendly way. Thanks to this alternative modified method called biological pulp production (biopulping), some of the lignin in the wood is removed from the structure by biological degradation of white rot fungi.
In our study, biological pre-treatment was carried out by inoculating black pine chips with the Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus and Ceriporiopsis subvermispora fungi, which have an active delignification effect from white rot fungi, and the effect of biological modification processes on the chemical composition of wood was evaluated, especially considering lignin delignification.
Although there was a decreasing increase in weight loss depending on the incubation period, it was determined that the fastest weight loss occurred at the end of the 4th week. The fastest lignin loss was observed at the end of the 4th week. The fastest increase in the holocellulose ratio occurred after the 2nd week, and this increase continued with a decreasing acceleration until the 8th week, depending on the incubation period. As a result of studies on the chemical composition of wood depending on different incubation periods, 4 weeks for P. chrysosporium and 6 weeks for P. ostreatus and C. subvermispora were determined to be optimum.
Keywords
References
- Akhtar M, Attridge MC, Blanchette R, Myers R, Wall M, Sykes M, Koning JR, Burgess T, Wegner T, Kirk TK (1992) The white rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora saves electrical energy and improves strength properties during biomechanical pulping of wood in Biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry, 3-8. Kuwahara, M. Shimada, M., Eds., Tokyo: UNI Publishers Company, LTD.
- Akhtar M, Kirk TK, Blanchette R (1996) Biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry, recent advances in applied and fundamental research. Sixth Intemational Conference, 187-192.
- Bajpai P, Bajpai PK, Akhtar M, Jauhari MB (2001) Biokraft pulping of eucalyptus with selected lignin-degrading fungi. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, 27(7): 235-239.
- Blanchette RA, Leatham GF, Attridge MC, Akhtar M, Myers GC (1991) Biomechanical pulping with C. Subvermispora. U. S. Patent No. 5, 055, 159.
- Calvo-Flores FG, Martin-Martinez FJ (2022) Biorefineries: achievements and challenges for a bio-based economy. Front. Chem, 10: 973417.
- Campbell WG (1952) The biological decomposition of wood. In: Wood Chemistry, Ed. Wise and EC. Jahn, 2nd Edn, Rheinhold Publisher Corp., NY.
- Copur Y, Tozluoglu A (2008) A comparison of kraft, PS, kraft-AQ and kraft-NaBH4 pulps of Brutia pine. Bioresource Technology, 99(5): 909-913.
- Eriksson EK, Kirk TK (1985) Biopulping, biobleaching and treatment of kraft bleaching effluents with white-rot fungi. In: The Principles of Biotechnology; Engineering Considerations. In: Comprehensive Biotechnology: The Principles, Applications and Regulations of Biotechnology in Industry, Agriculture and Medicine, Pergamon Pres, New York, pp 271–294.
- Fischer K, Akhtar M, Blanchette R, Burgess T, Messner K, Kirk K (1994) Reduction of resin content in wood chips during experimental biological pulping processes. Holzforschung, 48: 285–290.
- Fonseca MI, Farina JI, Castrillo ML, Rodriguez MD, Nunez CE, Villalba LL (2014) Biopulping of wood chips with Phlebia brevispora BAFC 633 reduces lignin content and improves pulp quality. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 90: 29-35.
- Hammel K (1996) In driven by nature: plant litter quality and decomposition. 3- 6. Gadisch G and Giller G Eds. CAB International. Hatakka A, Mettala A, Maijala P, Ellmen J (2000) Evaluation of fungi for bio-kraft pulping of softwood. 2000 Tappi Pulping/Process & Product Quality Conference, Nov. 5-8, Boston, MA.
- Highley TL, Murmanis LL (1987) Micromorphology of degradation in western hemlock and sweetgum by the white-rot fungus Coriolus versicolor. Hozforschung, 41: 67-71.
- Jianming L, Shuaiming H, Lihuan M, Shasha G, Pengcheng L, Xi Z, Jun L, (2021) Mass-production of high-yield and high-strength thermomechanical pulp fibers from plant residues enabled by ozone pretreatment. J. Clean. Prod., 296: 126575.
- İstek A, Sivrikaya H, Eroğlu H, Gülsoy SK (2005) Biodegradation of Abies bornmülleriana (Mattf.) and Fagus orientalis (L.) by the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 55(1): 63-67.
- Mendonca R, Guerra A, Ferraz A (2002) Delignification of Pinus taeda wood chips treated with C. subvermispora for preparing high-yield kraft pulps. J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnology, 77: 411-418.
- Molina JG, Allison B, Valenzuela C (2002) Characteristics and results of radiata pine kraft bleached biopulp. Iberoamerican Congress on Pulp and Paper Research.
- Tappi T 11 M-45 (1992) Sampling ad preparing wood for analysis. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tappi T 222 om-02 (2002) Acid-insoluble lignin in wood and pulp. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tappi T 204 cm-97 (1997) Solvent extractives of wood and pulp. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tappi T 212 om-98 (1998) One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood and wood pulp. TAPPI Test Methods. Atlanta (GA): TAPPI Press.
- Tozluoglu A (2007) Kraft, biyo-kraft, biyo-kraft-AQ, biyo-polisülfür ve biyo-kraft-sodyum borhidrür metotları ile kızılçamdan (Pinus brutia Ten.) kâğıt hamuru üretimi üzerine bir araştırma. Bolu İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Orman Endüstrisi Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bolu.
- Villalba LL (2003) Biological modification of lobloly pine chips with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora prior to kraft pulping, State University College of Enviromental Science and Forestry Doctorate Thesis, New York.
- Villalba L, Scott GM, Schroeder LR (2000) An update on biokraft pulping. ESPRA Research Report, 113: 21-28.
- Wise LE (1952) Wood chemistry. Reinhoid Publishing Corparation, Vol.: 1-2, New York.
- Yalınkılıç MK (1987) Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq. mantarının bazı kâğıtlık maddelerde yaptığı biyolojik degradasyon. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Trabzon.
- Young RA, Akhtar M (1998) Environmentally friendly technologies for the pulp and paper ındustry. John Wiley & Sons. Inc., New York, pp 577
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Forestry Biomass and Bioproducts |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 15, 2024 |
| Submission Date | March 30, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | April 15, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 25 Issue: 1 |
Cite
Artvin Coruh University Journal of Forestry Faculty is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.