Review
BibTex RIS Cite

EXERCISE APPROACHES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME, DYSMENORRHEA, AND PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 13, 133 - 145

Betül Ünal , Cansu Demir , Ali Veysel Özden

https://doi.org/10.54270/atljm.2025.80

Abstract

Menstruation is one of the important indicators of reproductive health in women. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate menstrual health and symptoms to improve the reproductive health of women in adolescence and early adulthood. This review aims to highlight how conditions related to menstruation, such as Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), and dysmenorrhea, affect women's quality of life and the role of exercise approaches as an alternative conservative method for symptom management. A significant majority of women report experiencing various symptoms throughout their menstrual cycle. These symptoms can lead to stress, pain, mood disorders, and issues that affect quality of life. Global efforts to improve women's health largely focus on reproductive health. Although pharmacological treatments are recommended as the primary approach for PCOS, PMS, and dysmenorrhea, it is crucial to integrate lifestyle and dietary changes, as well as exercise approaches, into daily life. Meta-analysis studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of different exercise types in addressing these three problems. Although aerobic exercise stands out, there is significant methodological heterogeneity in most studies; the specific type and amount of exercise (optimal dose and frequency) have not yet been determined. Therefore, more research is needed to create standardized exercise prescriptions.

Keywords

polycyctic ovary syndrome dysmenorrhea premenstrual syndrome exercise

References

  • Schmalenberger KM, Tauseef HA, Barone JC, Owens SA, Lieberman L, Jarczok MN, et al. How to study the menstrual cycle: Practical tools and recommendations. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2021;123:104895. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104895
  • Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, Dokras A, Laven J, Moran L, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2018;33(9):1602–18. doi:10.1093/humrep/dey256
  • McKenna KA, Fogleman CD. Dysmenorrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2021;104(2):164–70.
  • Fauser BCJM, Tarlatzis BC, Rebar RW, Legro RS, Balen AH, Lobo R, et al. Consensus on women’s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Fertil Steril. 2012;97(1):28–38. e25. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.024
  • Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, Dokras A, Laven J, Moran L, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2018;110(3):364–79. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.004.
  • Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and longterm health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod. 2004;19(1):41–7. doi:10.1093/humrep/deh098.
  • Thessaloniki ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2008;23(3):462–77. doi:10.1093/humrep/dem426.
  • Escobar-Morreale HF. Polycystic ovary syndrome: definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(5):270–84. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2018.24.
  • Jean Hailes for Women’s Health on behalf of the PCOS Australian Alliance. Evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. 2015.
  • Thomson RL, Buckley JD, Lim SS, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Norman RJ, et al. Lifestyle management improves quality of life and depression in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(5):1812–6. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.11.001
  • Jean Hailes for Women’s Health on behalf of the PCOS Australian Alliance. Evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. 2015.
  • Thomson RL, Buckley JD, Lim SS, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Norman RJ, et al. Lifestyle management improves quality of life and depression in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(5):1812–6. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.11.001.
  • Haqq L, McFarlane J, Dieberg G, Smart N. Effect of lifestyle intervention on the reproductive endocrine profile in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocr Connect. 2014;3(1):36–46. doi:10.1530/EC-14-0010.
  • Banting LK, Gibson-Helm M, Polman R, Teede HJ, Stepto NK. Physical activity and mental health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Womens Health. 2014;14:51. doi:10.1186/1472-6874-14-51.
  • Greenwood EA, Noel MW, Kao CN, Shinkai K, Pasch LA, Cedars MI, et al. Vigorous exercise is associated with superior metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome independent of total exercise expenditure. Fertil Steril. 2016;105(2):486–93. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.10.020.
  • Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Papavassiliou AG. Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Trends Mol Med. 2006;12(7):324–32. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2006.05.006.
  • Richter EA, Mikines KJ, Galbo H, Kiens B. Effect of exercise on insulin action in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 1989;66(2):876–85. doi:10.1152/jappl.1989.66.2.876.
  • Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Boulé NG, Wells GA, Prud’homme D, Fortier M, et al. Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(6):357–69. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-6-200709180-00005.
  • Nicolucci A, Balducci S, Cardelli P, Cavallo S, Fallucca S, Bazuro A, et al. Relationship of exercise volume to improvements of quality of life with supervised exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial: the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES). Diabetologia. 2012;55(3):579–88. doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2425-9.
  • Bauman A, Craig CL. The place of physical activity in the WHO Global Strategy on Diet and Physical Activity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2005;2:10. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-2-10.
  • Benham JL, Yamamoto JM, Friedenreich CM, Rabi DM, Sigal RJ. Role of exercise training in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Obes. 2018;8(4):275–84. doi:10.1111/cob.12258.
  • Orio F, Muscogiuri G, Giallauria F, Savastano S, Bottiglieri P, Tafuri D, et al. Oral contraceptives versus physical exercise on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016;85(5):764–71. doi:10.1111/cen.13112.
  • Kiel IA, Lionett S, Parr EB, Jones H, Røset MAH, Salvesen Ø, et al. High-Intensity Interval Training in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Two-Center, Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022;54(5):717–27. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002849.
  • Lo JC, Feigenbaum SL, Yang J, Pressman AR, Selby JV, Go AS. Epidemiology and adverse cardiovascular risk profile of diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(4):1357–63. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-2430.
  • Bilgin Z. Dismenore durumuna göre genç kadınların menstrüel profilleri ve anksiyete düzeyleri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;14(2):111–21. doi:10.22312/sdusbed.1161211.
  • Burnett M, Lemyre M. No. 345-Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2017;39(7):585–95. doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2016.12.023.
  • Guimarães I, Póvoa AM. Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2020;42(8):501–7. doi:10.1055/s-0040-1712131.
  • García Hurtado B, Chillón Martínez R, Rebollo Roldán J, Orta Pérez MA. Dismenorrea primaria y fisioterapia. Fisioterapia. 2005;27:327–42. doi:10.1016/S0211-5638(05)73458-1.
  • Armour M, Parry K, Manohar N, Holmes K, Ferfolja T, Curry C, et al. The prevalence and academic impact of dysmenorrhea in 21,573 young women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2019;28(8):1161–71. doi:10.1089/jwh.2018.7615.
  • Yacubovich Y, Cohen N, Tene L, Kalichman L. The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea among students and its association with musculoskeletal and myofascial pain. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2019;23(4):785–91. doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.05.006.
  • Parra-Fernández ML, Onieva-Zafra MD, Abreu-Sánchez A, Ramos-Pichardo JD, Iglesias-López MT, Fernández-Martínez E. Management of primary dysmenorrhea among university students in the south of Spain and family influence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(15):5570. doi:10.3390/ijerph17155570.
  • Armour M, Ee CC, Naidoo D, Ayati Z, Chalmers KJ, Steel KA, et al. Exercise for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;9(9):CD004142. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004142.pub4.
  • López-Liria R, Torres-Álamo L, Vega-Ramírez FA, García-Luengo AV, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros-Ramos R, et al. Efficacy of physiotherapy treatment in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):7832. doi:10.3390/ijerph18157832.
  • Song BH, Kim J. Effects of Pilates on pain, physical function, sleep quality, and psychological factors in young women with dysmenorrhea: a preliminary randomized controlled study. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(14):2076. doi:10.3390/healthcare11142076.
  • Kannan P, Chapple CM, Miller D, Claydon-Mueller L, Baxter GD. Effectiveness of a treadmill-based aerobic exercise intervention on pain, daily functioning, and quality of life in women with primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2019;81:80–6. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2019.05.004.
  • Heidarimoghadam R, Abdolmaleki E, Kazemi F, Masoumi SZ, Khodakarami B, Mohammadi Y. The effect of exercise plan based on FITT protocol on primary dysmenorrhea in medical students: a clinical trial study. J Res Health Sci. 2019;19(3):e00456. PMID: 31586377 PMCID: PMC7183554.
  • Dehnavi ZM, Jafarnejad F, Kamali Z. The effect of aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea: a clinical trial study. J Educ Health Promot. 2018;7:3. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_79_17.
  • Tiranini L, Nappi RE. Recent advances in understanding/ management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder/premenstrual syndrome. Faculty Rev. 2022;11:11. doi:10.12703/r/11-11.
  • Ravichandran H, Janakiraman B. Effect of aerobic exercises in improving premenstrual symptoms among healthy women: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:1105–14. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S371193.
  • Pearce E, Jolly K, Jones LL, Matthewman G, Zanganeh M, Daley A. Exercise for premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BJGP Open. 2020;4(3):bjgpopen20X101032. doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20X101032.
  • Epperson CN, Steiner M, Hartlage SA, Eriksson E, Schmidt PJ, Jones I, et al. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: evidence for a new category for DSM-5. Am J Psychiatry. 2012;169(5):465–75. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11081302.
  • Harrison JE, Weber S, Jakob R, Chute CG. ICD-11: an international classification of diseases for the twenty-first century. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2021;21(Suppl 6):206. doi:10.1186/s12911-021-01534-6.
  • Lanza di Scalea T, Pearlstein T. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Med Clin North Am. 2019;103(4):613–28. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2019.02.007.
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Management of Premenstrual Syndrome: Green-top Guideline No. 48. BJOG.2017;124(3):e73–105. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14260.
  • Noviyanti NI, Gusriani R, Mappaware NA, Ahmad M. The effect of estrogen hormone on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) occurrences in teenage girls at Pesantren Darul Arqam Makassar. Gac Sanit. 2021;35(2):S571–5. doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.103.
  • D M A, S K, D A, Sattar K. Epidemiology of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)—a systematic review and meta-analysis study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(2):106–9. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2014/8024.4021.
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Premenstrual syndrome. Scenario: management of premenstrual syndrome [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Jun 2]. Available from: https://cks. nice.org.uk/premenstrual-syndrome#!scenario
  • Pearce E, Jolly K, Jones LL, Matthewman G, Zanganeh M, Daley A. Exercise for premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BJGP Open. 2020;4(3):bjgpopen20X101032. doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20X101032.
  • Ravichandran H, Janakiraman B. Effect of aerobic exercises in improving premenstrual symptoms among healthy women: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:1105–14. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S371193.
  • Farrokh-Eslamlou H, Oshnouei S, Heshmatian B, Akbari E. Premenstrual syndrome and quality of life in Iranian medical students. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2015;6(1):23–7. doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2014.06.009.
  • Razzak ZA, Khan AA, Farooqui SI. Effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on estrogen level, fat mass, and muscle mass among postmenopausal osteoporotic females. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2019;13(4):10–6. PMCID: PMC6619462.
  • ElDeeb AM, Atta HK, Osman DA. Effect of whole body vibration versus resistive exercise on premenstrual symptoms in adolescents with premenstrual syndrome. Bull Fac Phys Ther. 2020;25(1):1. doi:10.1186/s43161-020-00002-y.
  • El-Lithy A, El-Mazny A, Sabbour A, El-Deeb A. Effect of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms, haematological and hormonal parameters in young women. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;35(4):389–92. doi:10.3109/01443615.2014.960823.
  • Pearce E, Jolly K, Jones LL, Matthewman G, Zanganeh M, Daley A. Exercise for premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BJGP Open. 2020;4(3):bjgpopen20X101032. doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20X101032.

POLİKİSTİK OVER, DİSMENORE VE PREMENSTRUAL SENDROMDA EGZERSİZ YAKLAŞIMLARI VE ÖNERİLERİ

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 13, 133 - 145

Betül Ünal , Cansu Demir , Ali Veysel Özden

https://doi.org/10.54270/atljm.2025.80

Abstract

Menstrüasyon, kadınlarda üreme sağlığının önemli göstergelerinden biridir. Adölesan ve erken yetişkinlik dönemindeki kadınların üreme sağlığını iyileştirmek için menstrüasyon sağlığını ve semptomlarını araştırmak önemlidir. Bu derlemede, Premenstrüel Sendrom (PMS), Polikistik Over Sendromu (PKOS) ve dismenore gibi menstrüasyonla ilişkili durumların kadınların yaşam kalitesini nasıl etkilediğini ve semptompların yönetilmesinde alternatif konservatif yöntemlerden biri olan egzersiz yaklaşımlarına vurgu yapmak istedik. Kadınların büyük bir çoğunluğu menstrüel siklüs sırasında stres, ağrı, duygu durum bozuklukları ve yaşam kalitesini etkileyecek sorunlar yaşamaktadır. Menstrüel siklüs ile ilgili problemlerin ortak noktası kadınların üreme sağlığı, yaşam kalitesi, aktiviteye katılım ve iş ve okul hayatını olumsuz etkilemesidir. Kadın sağlığını iyileştirmeye yönelik küresel çabalar büyük ölçüde üreme sağlığına odaklanmaktadır. PKOS, PMS ve dismenorenin birincil basamak tedavi yöntemi olarak farmakolojik tedaviler önerilsede, yaşam tarzı, diyet değişikliklerinin yanı sıra egzersiz yaklaşımlarını günlük hayata adapte edilmesi son derece önemlidir. Mevcut klinik uygulama kılavuzları da PKOS yönetimi için egzersiz ve kilo kaybını önermektedir. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar (KVH) ile ilgili risk belirteçleri PKOS’lu kadınlarda daha yüksektir. Primer dismenorenin tedavisinde 2017’de yayınlanan son rehbere göre düzenli egzersiz kanıt II-A seviyesinde önerilmektedir. Son meta-analiz çalışmaları, aerobik egzersiz, germe ve güçlendirme egzersizleri gibi egzersizlerin regl ağrısının şiddetini hafiflettiğini rapor etmiştir. Yapılan meta-analiz çalışmalarında farklı egzersiz türlerinin bu üç problemde de etkinliği kanıta dayalı olarak ispatlanmıştır, çalışmalarda aerobik egzersizin etkinliği öne çıksa da çalışmaların çoğunda metodolojik olarak heterojenite vardır; spesifik egzersiz türü ve miktarı (optimal doz ve sıklık) henüz belirlenmemiştir, bu nedenle standart egzersiz reçetelerinin oluşturulabilmesi için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

polikistik over sendromu dismenore premenstrual sendrom egzersiz

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmada, “Yükseköğretim Kurumları Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Yönergesi” kapsamında uyulması gerekli tüm kurallara uyulduğunu, bahsi geçen yönergenin “Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine Aykırı Eylemler” başlığı altında belirtilen eylemlerden hiçbirinin gerçekleştirilmediğini taahhüt ederiz. Araştırma doğrudan insan üzerinde bir etki içermemekte ve literatür tarama tasarımında yapıldığı için etik kurul kararına gereksinim duyulmamaktadır.

References

  • Schmalenberger KM, Tauseef HA, Barone JC, Owens SA, Lieberman L, Jarczok MN, et al. How to study the menstrual cycle: Practical tools and recommendations. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2021;123:104895. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104895
  • Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, Dokras A, Laven J, Moran L, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2018;33(9):1602–18. doi:10.1093/humrep/dey256
  • McKenna KA, Fogleman CD. Dysmenorrhea. Am Fam Physician. 2021;104(2):164–70.
  • Fauser BCJM, Tarlatzis BC, Rebar RW, Legro RS, Balen AH, Lobo R, et al. Consensus on women’s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Fertil Steril. 2012;97(1):28–38. e25. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.024
  • Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF, Dokras A, Laven J, Moran L, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2018;110(3):364–79. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.05.004.
  • Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and longterm health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod. 2004;19(1):41–7. doi:10.1093/humrep/deh098.
  • Thessaloniki ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2008;23(3):462–77. doi:10.1093/humrep/dem426.
  • Escobar-Morreale HF. Polycystic ovary syndrome: definition, aetiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(5):270–84. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2018.24.
  • Jean Hailes for Women’s Health on behalf of the PCOS Australian Alliance. Evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. 2015.
  • Thomson RL, Buckley JD, Lim SS, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Norman RJ, et al. Lifestyle management improves quality of life and depression in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(5):1812–6. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.11.001
  • Jean Hailes for Women’s Health on behalf of the PCOS Australian Alliance. Evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. 2015.
  • Thomson RL, Buckley JD, Lim SS, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Norman RJ, et al. Lifestyle management improves quality of life and depression in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2010;94(5):1812–6. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.11.001.
  • Haqq L, McFarlane J, Dieberg G, Smart N. Effect of lifestyle intervention on the reproductive endocrine profile in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocr Connect. 2014;3(1):36–46. doi:10.1530/EC-14-0010.
  • Banting LK, Gibson-Helm M, Polman R, Teede HJ, Stepto NK. Physical activity and mental health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Womens Health. 2014;14:51. doi:10.1186/1472-6874-14-51.
  • Greenwood EA, Noel MW, Kao CN, Shinkai K, Pasch LA, Cedars MI, et al. Vigorous exercise is associated with superior metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome independent of total exercise expenditure. Fertil Steril. 2016;105(2):486–93. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.10.020.
  • Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Papavassiliou AG. Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Trends Mol Med. 2006;12(7):324–32. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2006.05.006.
  • Richter EA, Mikines KJ, Galbo H, Kiens B. Effect of exercise on insulin action in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 1989;66(2):876–85. doi:10.1152/jappl.1989.66.2.876.
  • Sigal RJ, Kenny GP, Boulé NG, Wells GA, Prud’homme D, Fortier M, et al. Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147(6):357–69. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-6-200709180-00005.
  • Nicolucci A, Balducci S, Cardelli P, Cavallo S, Fallucca S, Bazuro A, et al. Relationship of exercise volume to improvements of quality of life with supervised exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial: the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES). Diabetologia. 2012;55(3):579–88. doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2425-9.
  • Bauman A, Craig CL. The place of physical activity in the WHO Global Strategy on Diet and Physical Activity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2005;2:10. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-2-10.
  • Benham JL, Yamamoto JM, Friedenreich CM, Rabi DM, Sigal RJ. Role of exercise training in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Obes. 2018;8(4):275–84. doi:10.1111/cob.12258.
  • Orio F, Muscogiuri G, Giallauria F, Savastano S, Bottiglieri P, Tafuri D, et al. Oral contraceptives versus physical exercise on cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016;85(5):764–71. doi:10.1111/cen.13112.
  • Kiel IA, Lionett S, Parr EB, Jones H, Røset MAH, Salvesen Ø, et al. High-Intensity Interval Training in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Two-Center, Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022;54(5):717–27. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002849.
  • Lo JC, Feigenbaum SL, Yang J, Pressman AR, Selby JV, Go AS. Epidemiology and adverse cardiovascular risk profile of diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(4):1357–63. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-2430.
  • Bilgin Z. Dismenore durumuna göre genç kadınların menstrüel profilleri ve anksiyete düzeyleri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;14(2):111–21. doi:10.22312/sdusbed.1161211.
  • Burnett M, Lemyre M. No. 345-Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2017;39(7):585–95. doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2016.12.023.
  • Guimarães I, Póvoa AM. Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2020;42(8):501–7. doi:10.1055/s-0040-1712131.
  • García Hurtado B, Chillón Martínez R, Rebollo Roldán J, Orta Pérez MA. Dismenorrea primaria y fisioterapia. Fisioterapia. 2005;27:327–42. doi:10.1016/S0211-5638(05)73458-1.
  • Armour M, Parry K, Manohar N, Holmes K, Ferfolja T, Curry C, et al. The prevalence and academic impact of dysmenorrhea in 21,573 young women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2019;28(8):1161–71. doi:10.1089/jwh.2018.7615.
  • Yacubovich Y, Cohen N, Tene L, Kalichman L. The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea among students and its association with musculoskeletal and myofascial pain. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2019;23(4):785–91. doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.05.006.
  • Parra-Fernández ML, Onieva-Zafra MD, Abreu-Sánchez A, Ramos-Pichardo JD, Iglesias-López MT, Fernández-Martínez E. Management of primary dysmenorrhea among university students in the south of Spain and family influence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(15):5570. doi:10.3390/ijerph17155570.
  • Armour M, Ee CC, Naidoo D, Ayati Z, Chalmers KJ, Steel KA, et al. Exercise for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;9(9):CD004142. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004142.pub4.
  • López-Liria R, Torres-Álamo L, Vega-Ramírez FA, García-Luengo AV, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros-Ramos R, et al. Efficacy of physiotherapy treatment in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):7832. doi:10.3390/ijerph18157832.
  • Song BH, Kim J. Effects of Pilates on pain, physical function, sleep quality, and psychological factors in young women with dysmenorrhea: a preliminary randomized controlled study. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(14):2076. doi:10.3390/healthcare11142076.
  • Kannan P, Chapple CM, Miller D, Claydon-Mueller L, Baxter GD. Effectiveness of a treadmill-based aerobic exercise intervention on pain, daily functioning, and quality of life in women with primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2019;81:80–6. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2019.05.004.
  • Heidarimoghadam R, Abdolmaleki E, Kazemi F, Masoumi SZ, Khodakarami B, Mohammadi Y. The effect of exercise plan based on FITT protocol on primary dysmenorrhea in medical students: a clinical trial study. J Res Health Sci. 2019;19(3):e00456. PMID: 31586377 PMCID: PMC7183554.
  • Dehnavi ZM, Jafarnejad F, Kamali Z. The effect of aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea: a clinical trial study. J Educ Health Promot. 2018;7:3. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_79_17.
  • Tiranini L, Nappi RE. Recent advances in understanding/ management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder/premenstrual syndrome. Faculty Rev. 2022;11:11. doi:10.12703/r/11-11.
  • Ravichandran H, Janakiraman B. Effect of aerobic exercises in improving premenstrual symptoms among healthy women: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:1105–14. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S371193.
  • Pearce E, Jolly K, Jones LL, Matthewman G, Zanganeh M, Daley A. Exercise for premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BJGP Open. 2020;4(3):bjgpopen20X101032. doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20X101032.
  • Epperson CN, Steiner M, Hartlage SA, Eriksson E, Schmidt PJ, Jones I, et al. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: evidence for a new category for DSM-5. Am J Psychiatry. 2012;169(5):465–75. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11081302.
  • Harrison JE, Weber S, Jakob R, Chute CG. ICD-11: an international classification of diseases for the twenty-first century. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2021;21(Suppl 6):206. doi:10.1186/s12911-021-01534-6.
  • Lanza di Scalea T, Pearlstein T. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Med Clin North Am. 2019;103(4):613–28. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2019.02.007.
  • Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Management of Premenstrual Syndrome: Green-top Guideline No. 48. BJOG.2017;124(3):e73–105. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14260.
  • Noviyanti NI, Gusriani R, Mappaware NA, Ahmad M. The effect of estrogen hormone on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) occurrences in teenage girls at Pesantren Darul Arqam Makassar. Gac Sanit. 2021;35(2):S571–5. doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.103.
  • D M A, S K, D A, Sattar K. Epidemiology of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)—a systematic review and meta-analysis study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(2):106–9. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2014/8024.4021.
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Premenstrual syndrome. Scenario: management of premenstrual syndrome [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Jun 2]. Available from: https://cks. nice.org.uk/premenstrual-syndrome#!scenario
  • Pearce E, Jolly K, Jones LL, Matthewman G, Zanganeh M, Daley A. Exercise for premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BJGP Open. 2020;4(3):bjgpopen20X101032. doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20X101032.
  • Ravichandran H, Janakiraman B. Effect of aerobic exercises in improving premenstrual symptoms among healthy women: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Int J Womens Health. 2022;14:1105–14. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S371193.
  • Farrokh-Eslamlou H, Oshnouei S, Heshmatian B, Akbari E. Premenstrual syndrome and quality of life in Iranian medical students. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2015;6(1):23–7. doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2014.06.009.
  • Razzak ZA, Khan AA, Farooqui SI. Effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on estrogen level, fat mass, and muscle mass among postmenopausal osteoporotic females. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2019;13(4):10–6. PMCID: PMC6619462.
  • ElDeeb AM, Atta HK, Osman DA. Effect of whole body vibration versus resistive exercise on premenstrual symptoms in adolescents with premenstrual syndrome. Bull Fac Phys Ther. 2020;25(1):1. doi:10.1186/s43161-020-00002-y.
  • El-Lithy A, El-Mazny A, Sabbour A, El-Deeb A. Effect of aerobic exercise on premenstrual symptoms, haematological and hormonal parameters in young women. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;35(4):389–92. doi:10.3109/01443615.2014.960823.
  • Pearce E, Jolly K, Jones LL, Matthewman G, Zanganeh M, Daley A. Exercise for premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BJGP Open. 2020;4(3):bjgpopen20X101032. doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20X101032.
There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Betül Ünal 0009-0004-7856-6415

Cansu Demir 0009-0002-6266-2002

Ali Veysel Özden 0000-0003-2349-996X

Early Pub Date April 17, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date October 16, 2024
Acceptance Date March 18, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 5 Issue: 13

Cite

Vancouver Ünal B, Demir C, Özden AV. POLİKİSTİK OVER, DİSMENORE VE PREMENSTRUAL SENDROMDA EGZERSİZ YAKLAŞIMLARI VE ÖNERİLERİ. ATLJM. 2025;5(13):133-45.