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Poısonıngs

Year 1990, Volume: 43 Issue: 1, 1 - 56, 31.03.1990

Melek Tulunay

Abstract

Poisonings can occur accidentally, criminally, for suicide purposes or as a result of an occupational event. Deaths due to poisoning, regardless of the cause, can be reduced with timely and appropriate treatment. People who are poisoned usually die from secondary disorders such as peripheral collapse, hypoxia, respiratory and circulatory failure, dehydration, water-electrolyte disturbances, hypothermia, convulsions and coma rather than from the specific effects of the poison. For this reason, symptomatic treatment, including aggressive support of vital functions, is of great importance in most acute poisonings. In only a few cases of poisoning, specific antidotes are applied together with symptomatic treatment. For these reasons, the basic principle in poisonings should be to ensure that the patient is kept alive with aggressive symptomatic treatment, or in other words, by treating the symptoms it creates, not the poison itself.

Keywords

Poisonings acute poisonings antidote

References

  • 1. Alven G. : Effect of activated charcoal on plasma levels of nortriptyline after single doses in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1973; 5 : 236.
  • 2. Barrett DS, Dehme FW, Kruçkenberg SM ; A review of organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity. Vet Hum Toxicol, 1985; 27 ; 98.
  • 3. Batuman V, Wedeen RP, Bogden JD, Balesira DS, Jones K, Schidlovsky G : Reducing bone lead content by chelation treatment in chroniç lead poisoning : An in vivo x-ray fluorescence and bone biopsy study. Environ Res. 1989; 48 ; 70.
  • 4. Crome P, Dawling 5, Braithwaite R, Maslerş J, Walkey R : Effect of activated charcoal on absorbtion of nortriptyline. Lancet 1977; If : 1203,
  • 5.Dawling S, Crome P, Braithwaite R : Effect of delayed administration of activated charcoal on nortriptyline absorbsion. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1987, 13 : 218.
  • 6.Drsishahce RH, Robertson WO : Handbook of poisoning : prevention, diagnosis and treatment. 12 th ed. California, Appleton and Lange 1987.
  • 7.Ekert P, Tibballs J, Gorman D : Three patient with carbon monoxide poisoning treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Aust Paediat J. 1988; 24 ; 194.
  • 8.Gal P, Miller A, McCue JD : Oral activated charcoal to enhance theophylline elimination in an acute overdose. JAMA 1984; 251 : 3130.
  • 9.Goekoop JG, Carboat PAT: Treatment ol neuroleptic malignant syndrome With dantrolene. Lancet 1982; 2 : 49.
  • 10.Guz6 BH, Baxter LR : Current conceps neuroleptic malignant syndrome. N Eng J Med 1985; 313 : 163.
  • 11.Hall AH, Spoerke DG, Rumack BH : Mushroom poisoning : identification, diagnosis and treatment. Pediatr Rev 1987; 8 : 291.
  • 12.Henry JA : Specificproblems of drug intoxication. Br J Anaesth, 1986; 58 : 223.
  • 13.Klaassen CD : Toxicology. im. The Pharmacological Basis of Theraputics, 7th ed (Gilman AG, Goodman L5, Ral TW, Murad E : eds.) Macmillan Publishing Co, New York, 1985,
  • pp 1592 - 1660. 14.Less REM, Scott GD, Miles CG : Subacute lead poisoning İrom retained lead shot, CMAJ 1988; 138 : 130.
  • 15.Levin M, Jacobs J, Polos PG : Acute mercury poisoning and mercurial pneumonitis from gold ore prufication. Chest 1988; 94 : 554,
  • 16.Liles R, Miller A, Lerman Y : Acute mercury poisoning with severe chonic pulmonary manifestatlons. Chest 1985; 88 : 306.
  • 17.Meredith TLM, Vole A : Carbon monoxide poisoning. Br Med J 1988; 296 : 77.
  • 18. Neuvonen PJ, Elonen E : Effect of activated charcoal on absorbtion and elimination, of phenobarbitone, carbamazepine and phenylbutazone in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacal 1980; 17 : 51.
  • 19.Nimme J, Heading RC, Tothill P, Rescoti LF : Pharmacological modification of gastric emptying ; Effect of propantheline and metoclopramide on paracetâmel absorbtion, Br Med J 1973, 1: 387.
  • 20.Olson KR, Becker CE : Poisoning. In, Current Emergency Diagnosis and Treatment, Second ed. (Mills J, Ho MI, Salber PR, Trunkey DD : eds.) Lange, Los Altos, 1985, pp 451-482.
  • 21Patrick CPT, Craker J : Carbon monoxide poisoning, the clinical entity and its treatment ; A review, Mil Med 1984; 149 ; 257.
  • 22.Pellinen TJ, Fârkkili M, Heikkili J, Luomanmiki K : Electrocardiographic and clinical features of tricyclic antideprassant intokxication. Ann Clin Res 1987; 19:12.
  • 23.Prescott LF ,Balali-Mood M, Critchley JAJH, Johnstone AF, Praudfoot AT: Diüressis or urinary alkalinization for calicylate poisoning? Br. Med J 1982; 2B5 :
  • 383. 24.Rollins DE, Brizgys M.: Immunological approch to poisoning. Ann Emerg Med 1986; 15 : 1046.
  • 25.Snodgress W, Sullivan JB, Rumack BH, Hashimoto C : Mercury poisoning İrom home gold ore/processing : Use of penicillamine and dimercaprol. JAMA 1981; 246 , 1919. i
  • 26.Spaedy S, Schubert TT : morganic lead poisoning inan adult. Am J Gaştroent 1988; 83 : 581.
  • 27.Tafuri J, Roberts J : Organophosphate poisoning (Collective review). Ann Med 1987, 16 : 193.
  • 28.Thompson WL : Recognition, treatment, and prevention of poisoning. In. The Society of Critical Care Medicine, Textbook of Critical Care (Shoemaker WC, Thompson WL, Holdbrock PR : eds) W.B, Saunders Company, Phliladelphia, 1984, pp 801-847.
  • 29.Weinberg S, Twersky RS : Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Anesth Analg 1983; 62 : B48. i

Zehirlenmeler

Year 1990, Volume: 43 Issue: 1, 1 - 56, 31.03.1990

Melek Tulunay

Abstract

Zehirlenmeler, kaza ile, kriminal olarak, intihar amacı ile veya mesleki bir olay sonucu ortaya çıkabilir. Zehirlenmeye bağlı ölümler, nedeni ne olursa olsun, vaktinde yapılan uygun tedavi ile azaltılabilir. Zehirlenen kişiler genellikle zehirin spesifik etkilerinden ziyade, periferik kollaps, hipoksi, solunum ve dolaşım yetmezliği, dehidratasyon, su-elektrolit bozukluğu, hipotermi, konvülziyonlar ve koma gibi sekonder bozukluklar ile kaybedilmektedir. Bu nedenle, akut zehirlenmelerin çoğunda vital fonksiyonların agressif olarak desteklenmesini de içeren semptomatik tedavinin önemi büyüktür. Zehirlenmelerin yalnızca pek azında ise semptomatik tedavi ile birlikte spesifik antidotlar uygulanmaktadır. Bu nedenlerle zehirlenmelerde temel prensip, agressif semptomatik tedavi ile veya bir başka deyişle zehirin kendisinin değil oluşturduğu semptomların tedavisi ile hastanın hayatta tutulmasını sağlamak olmalıdır.

Keywords

Zehirlenmeler akut zehirlenmel antidot

References

  • 1. Alven G. : Effect of activated charcoal on plasma levels of nortriptyline after single doses in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1973; 5 : 236.
  • 2. Barrett DS, Dehme FW, Kruçkenberg SM ; A review of organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity. Vet Hum Toxicol, 1985; 27 ; 98.
  • 3. Batuman V, Wedeen RP, Bogden JD, Balesira DS, Jones K, Schidlovsky G : Reducing bone lead content by chelation treatment in chroniç lead poisoning : An in vivo x-ray fluorescence and bone biopsy study. Environ Res. 1989; 48 ; 70.
  • 4. Crome P, Dawling 5, Braithwaite R, Maslerş J, Walkey R : Effect of activated charcoal on absorbtion of nortriptyline. Lancet 1977; If : 1203,
  • 5.Dawling S, Crome P, Braithwaite R : Effect of delayed administration of activated charcoal on nortriptyline absorbsion. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1987, 13 : 218.
  • 6.Drsishahce RH, Robertson WO : Handbook of poisoning : prevention, diagnosis and treatment. 12 th ed. California, Appleton and Lange 1987.
  • 7.Ekert P, Tibballs J, Gorman D : Three patient with carbon monoxide poisoning treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Aust Paediat J. 1988; 24 ; 194.
  • 8.Gal P, Miller A, McCue JD : Oral activated charcoal to enhance theophylline elimination in an acute overdose. JAMA 1984; 251 : 3130.
  • 9.Goekoop JG, Carboat PAT: Treatment ol neuroleptic malignant syndrome With dantrolene. Lancet 1982; 2 : 49.
  • 10.Guz6 BH, Baxter LR : Current conceps neuroleptic malignant syndrome. N Eng J Med 1985; 313 : 163.
  • 11.Hall AH, Spoerke DG, Rumack BH : Mushroom poisoning : identification, diagnosis and treatment. Pediatr Rev 1987; 8 : 291.
  • 12.Henry JA : Specificproblems of drug intoxication. Br J Anaesth, 1986; 58 : 223.
  • 13.Klaassen CD : Toxicology. im. The Pharmacological Basis of Theraputics, 7th ed (Gilman AG, Goodman L5, Ral TW, Murad E : eds.) Macmillan Publishing Co, New York, 1985,
  • pp 1592 - 1660. 14.Less REM, Scott GD, Miles CG : Subacute lead poisoning İrom retained lead shot, CMAJ 1988; 138 : 130.
  • 15.Levin M, Jacobs J, Polos PG : Acute mercury poisoning and mercurial pneumonitis from gold ore prufication. Chest 1988; 94 : 554,
  • 16.Liles R, Miller A, Lerman Y : Acute mercury poisoning with severe chonic pulmonary manifestatlons. Chest 1985; 88 : 306.
  • 17.Meredith TLM, Vole A : Carbon monoxide poisoning. Br Med J 1988; 296 : 77.
  • 18. Neuvonen PJ, Elonen E : Effect of activated charcoal on absorbtion and elimination, of phenobarbitone, carbamazepine and phenylbutazone in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacal 1980; 17 : 51.
  • 19.Nimme J, Heading RC, Tothill P, Rescoti LF : Pharmacological modification of gastric emptying ; Effect of propantheline and metoclopramide on paracetâmel absorbtion, Br Med J 1973, 1: 387.
  • 20.Olson KR, Becker CE : Poisoning. In, Current Emergency Diagnosis and Treatment, Second ed. (Mills J, Ho MI, Salber PR, Trunkey DD : eds.) Lange, Los Altos, 1985, pp 451-482.
  • 21Patrick CPT, Craker J : Carbon monoxide poisoning, the clinical entity and its treatment ; A review, Mil Med 1984; 149 ; 257.
  • 22.Pellinen TJ, Fârkkili M, Heikkili J, Luomanmiki K : Electrocardiographic and clinical features of tricyclic antideprassant intokxication. Ann Clin Res 1987; 19:12.
  • 23.Prescott LF ,Balali-Mood M, Critchley JAJH, Johnstone AF, Praudfoot AT: Diüressis or urinary alkalinization for calicylate poisoning? Br. Med J 1982; 2B5 :
  • 383. 24.Rollins DE, Brizgys M.: Immunological approch to poisoning. Ann Emerg Med 1986; 15 : 1046.
  • 25.Snodgress W, Sullivan JB, Rumack BH, Hashimoto C : Mercury poisoning İrom home gold ore/processing : Use of penicillamine and dimercaprol. JAMA 1981; 246 , 1919. i
  • 26.Spaedy S, Schubert TT : morganic lead poisoning inan adult. Am J Gaştroent 1988; 83 : 581.
  • 27.Tafuri J, Roberts J : Organophosphate poisoning (Collective review). Ann Med 1987, 16 : 193.
  • 28.Thompson WL : Recognition, treatment, and prevention of poisoning. In. The Society of Critical Care Medicine, Textbook of Critical Care (Shoemaker WC, Thompson WL, Holdbrock PR : eds) W.B, Saunders Company, Phliladelphia, 1984, pp 801-847.
  • 29.Weinberg S, Twersky RS : Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Anesth Analg 1983; 62 : B48. i
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Autoimmunity
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Melek Tulunay

Publication Date March 31, 1990
Published in Issue Year 1990 Volume: 43 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tulunay, M. (1990). Zehirlenmeler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 43(1), 1-56.
AMA Tulunay M. Zehirlenmeler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. March 1990;43(1):1-56.
Chicago Tulunay, Melek. “Zehirlenmeler”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 43, no. 1 (March 1990): 1-56.
EndNote Tulunay M (March 1, 1990) Zehirlenmeler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 43 1 1–56.
IEEE M. Tulunay, “Zehirlenmeler”, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 1–56, 1990.
ISNAD Tulunay, Melek. “Zehirlenmeler”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 43/1 (March 1990), 1-56.
JAMA Tulunay M. Zehirlenmeler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 1990;43:1–56.
MLA Tulunay, Melek. “Zehirlenmeler”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 43, no. 1, 1990, pp. 1-56.
Vancouver Tulunay M. Zehirlenmeler. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 1990;43(1):1-56.
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