General overview on the conservation of medicinal plants in Turkey

Emine Akalın; Bahar Gurdal; Bülent Olcay

doi:10.38059/biodiversity.726745

Research Article

General overview on the conservation of medicinal plants in Turkey

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 86 - 94, 30.09.2020

Emine Akalın , Bahar Gurdal , Bülent Olcay

https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.726745

Cited By: 6

Abstract

Medicinal plants are a special area that needs to be evaluated with different parameters than the general biodiversity threatening due to intense collection pressure. In the study, Turkey's plant diversity, requirements and strategies for sustainable use of Turkish medicinal plants, criticizing and planning of data for the protection of medicinal plants have been evaluated using standards of the Guidelines on the Conservation of Medicinal Plants by WHO, IUCN, WWF and Traffic. In addition, the richness of traditional medicinal plant uses in Turkey, the concept, and usage potentials, administrative requirements for the protection, creation of the in situ and ex situ conservation areas and recommendations for the future have been presented.

Keywords

Medicinal plants, Turkey, conservation, threats, ex situ, in situ

References

Akalın E, Özhatay FN, Güler N, Ersoy H, Başak N, Yeşil Y, Oral D, Demirci S (2013). The flora of Yıldız Mountains (Kırklareli) Biosphere Project area. Turkish Journal of Botany 37(2): 225–269. DOI:10.3906/bot-1111-5.
Akalın E, Ozhatay N (2014). Important Medicinal Plant Areas for Turkey: Kaz Dağı IMPA. XXI. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı (XXI. BİHAT), 28 May-1 June 2014; Kayseri, Turkey, DK.3.
Akerele O, Heywood V and Synge H (eds) (1991). Conservation of medicinal plants, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 362p.
Benzie IF, Wachtel-Galor S (eds) (2011). Herbal medicine: biomolecular and clinical aspects. Los Angeles: CRC press, 500p.
Canuto KM, Silveira ER, Bezerra AME, Leal LKAM and Viana GSB (2012) Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Agronomy of Medicinal Plants: Amburana cearensis, an Interdisciplinary Study in Rao V (ed.) Phytochemicals – A Global Perspective of Their Role in Nutrition and Health, InTech Publishing, Rijeka, Croatia, 358p.
Chen SL, Yu H, Luo HM, Wu Q, Li CF, Steinmetz A (2016). Conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plants: Problems, progress, and prospects. Chinese Medicine (United Kingdom) 11(1): 1–10. DOI:10.1186/s13020-016-0108-7.
Davis PH, (ed) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands Vol. 1-9. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan, K (eds) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (supplement 1), vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 590p.
De Melo JG, Santos AG, De Amorim ELC, Nascimento SCDo, De Albuquerque UP (2011). Medicinal plants used as antitumor agents in Brazil: An ethnobotanical approach. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011: 1-14. DOI: 10.1155/2011/365359.
DKMP (2018). Doğa Koruma ve Milli Parklar Genel Müdürlüğü. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/DKMP/Menu/18/Korunan-Alan-Istatistikleri. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
Ekim T (2017). Botanik bahçeleri ve önemi. Z Kültür,Sanat,Şehir Mevsimlik Tematik Dergi Yaz 2017/1 Bitki Ressamlığı 2017(1): 124-143.
GETAT (2014). Geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamaları yönetmeliği. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/10/20141027-3.htm. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KHC (eds) (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (supplement), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 656p.
Harvey AL (1999). Medicines from nature: are natural products still relevant to drug discovery?. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 20(5): 196-198.
Heide L (1993) Traditionelle Arzneipflanzen in der Gesundheitsversorgung der dritten Welt-Möglichkeiten und Grenzen. Deutsche Apotheker Zeıtung-Stuttgart 133: 17-17.
IUCN (2010). New prescription needed for medicinal plants. https://www.iucn.org/content/new-prescription-needed-medicinal-plants. Downloaded on 18 May 2010.
Kasagana VN, Karumuri SS (2011). Conservation of medicinal plants (past, present & future trends). Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 3(8): 1378–1386.
Kathe W (2006). Revision of the ‘Guidelines on the Conservation of Medicinal Plants’ By WHO, IUCN, WWF and Traffic. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 109–120. DOI:10.1007/1-4020-5449-1_8.
Kingston DGI (2011). Modern natural products drug discovery and its relevance to biodiversity conservation. Journal of natural products, 74(3): 496-511. DOI: 10.1021/np100550t.
Kocyigit M, Demirci KS (2018). “Small Protected Areas” for Conservation Priorities in South Anatolia (Başkonuş Mountain-Kahramanmaraş). European Journal of Biology 77(2): 89–96. DOI:10.26650/eurjbiol.2018.0013.
Ospankulova E (2005). Türkiye’nin etnobotanik veri tabanı. MSc, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Özhatay N, Koyuncu M, Atay S, Byfield A (1997). The Wild Medicinal Plant Trade in Turkey. Istanbul: The Society for the Protection of Nature (DHKD). 222p.
Özhatay N (2006). Important plant areas along BTC pipeline in Turkey. Istanbul: BTC Sirketi, 304p.
Özhatay N, Byfield A, Atay S (eds) (2010). Important plant areas in Turkey: 122 Key Turkish botanical sites. Istanbul: WWF Turkey, 476p.
Özhatay N, Kültür Ş, Gürdal B (2015). Check-list of additional taxa to the supplement flora of Turkey VII. Istanbul Journal of Pharmacy 45(1): 61–86.
Özhatay N, Kültür Ş, Gürdal B (2017). Check-list of additional taxa to the supplement flora of Turkey VIII. Istanbul Journal of Pharmacy 47(1): 31-46. DOI:10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.006.
Sandal G, Söğüt Z (2010). Orchids of Turkey (Salep), Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23(2): 109-116.
TTOD (2018). Türk Tarım Orman Dergisi. Published on the internet. http://www.turktarim.gov.tr/Haber/64/turkiye-tibbi-ve-aromatik-bitki-yetistiriciliginde-oncu-ulkelerden). Downloaded on 11 April 2020.
Tuzlacı E (2016). Türkiye Bitkileri Geleneksel İlaç Rehberi. İstanbul: İstanbul Tıp Kitabevleri, 1460p.
TÜİK (2020). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Published on the internet. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. Downloaded on 29 March 2020.
UBENİS (2013). Ulusal biyolojik çeşitlilik envanter ve izleme projesi. http://www.nuhungemisi.gov.tr/Projects/Ubenis. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
UBSEP (2013). Nuh’un gemisi ulusal biyoçeşitlilik veri tabanı. http://www.nuhungemisi.gov.tr/. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
WHO (1998). Regulatory situation of herbal medicines: a worldwide review (No. WHO/TRM/98.1). Geneva: Switzerland, 45p.
Willis KJ (2017). Useful plants – medicines. State of the World’s Plants 2017: 100. DOI:978-1-84246-628-5.
Yesilada E (2002). Biodiversity in Turkish Folk Medicine. In: Şener B. (ed). Biodiversity: Biomolecular Aspects of Biodiversity and Innovative Utilization. London: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 119- 135.

Türkiye'de tıbbi bitkilerin korunmasına genel bakış

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 86 - 94, 30.09.2020

Emine Akalın , Bahar Gurdal , Bülent Olcay

https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.726745

Cited By: 6

Abstract

Tıbbi bitkiler yoğun bir toplama baskısı nedeniyle genel biyoçeşitlilik üzerindeki baskıdan daha farklı parametrelerle değerlendirilmesi gereken bir alandır. Çalışmada, Türkiye’nin bitki zenginliği, tıbbi bitki olarak kullanılan bitkilerin sürdürülebilir kullanımı için gereksinimler ve stratejiler, verilerin ve tıbbi bitkilerin korunmasına yönelik planlamalar, WHO, IUCN, WWF ve Traffic tarafından hazırlanmış Tıbbi Bitkileri Koruma Kılavuzu’na göre değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin geleneksel tıbbi bitki kullanım zenginliği, tıbbi bitki kavramı ve kullanım potansiyeli, korumaya yönelik yönetimsel gereksinimler, in situ ve ex situ koruma alanlarının oluşturulması ve geleceğe yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

Tıbbi bitki, Türkiye, koruma, tehditler, ex situ, in situ

References

Akalın E, Özhatay FN, Güler N, Ersoy H, Başak N, Yeşil Y, Oral D, Demirci S (2013). The flora of Yıldız Mountains (Kırklareli) Biosphere Project area. Turkish Journal of Botany 37(2): 225–269. DOI:10.3906/bot-1111-5.
Akalın E, Ozhatay N (2014). Important Medicinal Plant Areas for Turkey: Kaz Dağı IMPA. XXI. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı (XXI. BİHAT), 28 May-1 June 2014; Kayseri, Turkey, DK.3.
Akerele O, Heywood V and Synge H (eds) (1991). Conservation of medicinal plants, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 362p.
Benzie IF, Wachtel-Galor S (eds) (2011). Herbal medicine: biomolecular and clinical aspects. Los Angeles: CRC press, 500p.
Canuto KM, Silveira ER, Bezerra AME, Leal LKAM and Viana GSB (2012) Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Agronomy of Medicinal Plants: Amburana cearensis, an Interdisciplinary Study in Rao V (ed.) Phytochemicals – A Global Perspective of Their Role in Nutrition and Health, InTech Publishing, Rijeka, Croatia, 358p.
Chen SL, Yu H, Luo HM, Wu Q, Li CF, Steinmetz A (2016). Conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plants: Problems, progress, and prospects. Chinese Medicine (United Kingdom) 11(1): 1–10. DOI:10.1186/s13020-016-0108-7.
Davis PH, (ed) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands Vol. 1-9. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan, K (eds) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (supplement 1), vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 590p.
De Melo JG, Santos AG, De Amorim ELC, Nascimento SCDo, De Albuquerque UP (2011). Medicinal plants used as antitumor agents in Brazil: An ethnobotanical approach. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011: 1-14. DOI: 10.1155/2011/365359.
DKMP (2018). Doğa Koruma ve Milli Parklar Genel Müdürlüğü. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/DKMP/Menu/18/Korunan-Alan-Istatistikleri. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
Ekim T (2017). Botanik bahçeleri ve önemi. Z Kültür,Sanat,Şehir Mevsimlik Tematik Dergi Yaz 2017/1 Bitki Ressamlığı 2017(1): 124-143.
GETAT (2014). Geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp uygulamaları yönetmeliği. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2014/10/20141027-3.htm. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KHC (eds) (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (supplement), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 656p.
Harvey AL (1999). Medicines from nature: are natural products still relevant to drug discovery?. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 20(5): 196-198.
Heide L (1993) Traditionelle Arzneipflanzen in der Gesundheitsversorgung der dritten Welt-Möglichkeiten und Grenzen. Deutsche Apotheker Zeıtung-Stuttgart 133: 17-17.
IUCN (2010). New prescription needed for medicinal plants. https://www.iucn.org/content/new-prescription-needed-medicinal-plants. Downloaded on 18 May 2010.
Kasagana VN, Karumuri SS (2011). Conservation of medicinal plants (past, present & future trends). Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 3(8): 1378–1386.
Kathe W (2006). Revision of the ‘Guidelines on the Conservation of Medicinal Plants’ By WHO, IUCN, WWF and Traffic. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 109–120. DOI:10.1007/1-4020-5449-1_8.
Kingston DGI (2011). Modern natural products drug discovery and its relevance to biodiversity conservation. Journal of natural products, 74(3): 496-511. DOI: 10.1021/np100550t.
Kocyigit M, Demirci KS (2018). “Small Protected Areas” for Conservation Priorities in South Anatolia (Başkonuş Mountain-Kahramanmaraş). European Journal of Biology 77(2): 89–96. DOI:10.26650/eurjbiol.2018.0013.
Ospankulova E (2005). Türkiye’nin etnobotanik veri tabanı. MSc, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Özhatay N, Koyuncu M, Atay S, Byfield A (1997). The Wild Medicinal Plant Trade in Turkey. Istanbul: The Society for the Protection of Nature (DHKD). 222p.
Özhatay N (2006). Important plant areas along BTC pipeline in Turkey. Istanbul: BTC Sirketi, 304p.
Özhatay N, Byfield A, Atay S (eds) (2010). Important plant areas in Turkey: 122 Key Turkish botanical sites. Istanbul: WWF Turkey, 476p.
Özhatay N, Kültür Ş, Gürdal B (2015). Check-list of additional taxa to the supplement flora of Turkey VII. Istanbul Journal of Pharmacy 45(1): 61–86.
Özhatay N, Kültür Ş, Gürdal B (2017). Check-list of additional taxa to the supplement flora of Turkey VIII. Istanbul Journal of Pharmacy 47(1): 31-46. DOI:10.5152/IstanbulJPharm.2017.006.
Sandal G, Söğüt Z (2010). Orchids of Turkey (Salep), Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23(2): 109-116.
TTOD (2018). Türk Tarım Orman Dergisi. Published on the internet. http://www.turktarim.gov.tr/Haber/64/turkiye-tibbi-ve-aromatik-bitki-yetistiriciliginde-oncu-ulkelerden). Downloaded on 11 April 2020.
Tuzlacı E (2016). Türkiye Bitkileri Geleneksel İlaç Rehberi. İstanbul: İstanbul Tıp Kitabevleri, 1460p.
TÜİK (2020). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Published on the internet. http://www.tuik.gov.tr. Downloaded on 29 March 2020.
UBENİS (2013). Ulusal biyolojik çeşitlilik envanter ve izleme projesi. http://www.nuhungemisi.gov.tr/Projects/Ubenis. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
UBSEP (2013). Nuh’un gemisi ulusal biyoçeşitlilik veri tabanı. http://www.nuhungemisi.gov.tr/. Published on the internet. Downloaded on 26 May 2020.
WHO (1998). Regulatory situation of herbal medicines: a worldwide review (No. WHO/TRM/98.1). Geneva: Switzerland, 45p.
Willis KJ (2017). Useful plants – medicines. State of the World’s Plants 2017: 100. DOI:978-1-84246-628-5.
Yesilada E (2002). Biodiversity in Turkish Folk Medicine. In: Şener B. (ed). Biodiversity: Biomolecular Aspects of Biodiversity and Innovative Utilization. London: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 119- 135.

There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Journal Section	Review Article
Authors	Emine Akalın 0000-0002-0307-2128 Bahar Gurdal 0000-0003-4009-100X Bülent Olcay 0000-0002-0521-488X
Publication Date	September 30, 2020
Submission Date	April 25, 2020
Acceptance Date	May 31, 2020
Published in Issue	Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Akalın, E., Gurdal, B., & Olcay, B. (2020). General overview on the conservation of medicinal plants in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Biodiversity, 3(2), 86-94. https://doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.726745