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Endonezya'da Acalypha indica L. ve Euphorbia heterophylla L. yabancı otlarında Ageratum sarı damarlı Çin virüsünün belirlenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 65 Issue: 2, 13 - 20, 30.06.2025

Antama Surwadinata , Ucik Nugroho , Dea Putri Novitasari , Nadila Vinata , Filiz Randa Zelyüt , Adyatma Irawan Santosa

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1564148

Abstract

Begomovirüsler, dünya genelinde tarımsal üretimi tehdit eden önemli bitki patojenleridir. Bununla birlikte, yabancı otlar bu virüsler için alternatif konukçu olarak işlev görmekte ve virüslerin yayılımı ile kalıcılığına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Endonezya’nın Yogyakarta Özel Bölgesi'nde yer alan Sleman ve Gunungkidul bölgelerinde yürütülen arazi araştırmaları kapsamında, Acalypha indica L. bitkisinden dört, Euphorbia heterophylla L. bitkisinden ise iki simptomatik örnek toplanmıştır. Moleküler analizler sonucunda, AV1 gen bölgesine ait kısmi diziler kullanılarak tüm örneklerde Ageratum yellow vein china virus (AYVCNV) varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, SPG1/SPG2 primerleri ile gerçekleştirilen analizlerde, üç izolatın (katemas SMN1, katemas SMN2 ve akar kucing SMN2) AC1-AC2 gen bölgelerinde rekombinant dizilere sahip olduğu belirlenmiş olup, filogenetik analizler bu bölgelerin Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) ile yüksek benzerlik gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Rekombinasyon Saptama Programı (RDP v5.30) ile yapılan analizler, bu üç izolatın güçlü rekombinasyon sinyalleri verdiğini doğrulamış ve rekombinasyonun begomovirüslerin evriminde önemli bir rol oynadığına işaret etmiştir. Ek olarak, sistemik damar açılması simptomu gösteren iki A. indica örneği de değerlendirilmiş ancak moleküler analizlerde begomovirüs varlığı tespit edilmemiştir; bu durum, farklı bir patojen ya da abiyotik stres faktörünün etkili olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışma, AYVCNV'nin A. indica ve E. heterophylla konukçularında enfeksiyon oluşturduğunu ilk kez moleküler düzeyde tanımlamakta ve bu virüslerin genetik çeşitliliği ile evrimsel dinamiklerine dair önemli veriler sunmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, tropikal ve subtropikal bölgelerde yaygın olarak bulunan bu yabancı ot türlerinin begomovirüsler için önemli rezervuarlar olduğunu göstermekte ve virüslerin yayılımını önlemeye yönelik izleme ve yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

DNA virüs genetik rekombinasyon filogenetik ağaç Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu alternatif bitki konukçusu

References

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  • Duffy S., Holmes E.C., 2008. Phylogenetic evidence for rapid rates of molecular evolution in RNA viruses. Journal of Virology, 82(2), 957–965. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01929-07
  • Fiallo-Olivé E., Lett J-M., Martin D.P., Roumagnac P., Varsani A., Zerbini F.M., Navas-Castillo J., ICTV Report Consortium., 2021. CTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Geminiviridae 2021. Journal of General Virology, 102(12), 001696. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001696
  • Fiallo-Olivé E., Navas-Castillo J., 2023. Begomoviruses: what is the secret(s) of their success? Trends in Plant Science, 28(6), 715–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2023.01.012
  • Helina S., Akin H.M., Pramono S., Lestari P., Nurdin M., Afandi A., Dewi L., 2024. First report of ageratum yellow vein virus infecting papaya in Lampung, Indonesia. Molecular Biology Reports, 51, 119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-09029-5
  • Kon T., Kuwabara K., Hidayat S. Ikegami M., 2007. A begomovirus associated with ageratum yellow vein disease in Indonesia: evidence for natural recombination between tomato leaf curl Java virus and Ageratum yellow vein virus-[Java]. Archives of Virology, 152, 1147–1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0928-3
  • Krishna Reddy M., Nagendran K., Kumari S., Mohana Pradeep R.K., Karthikeyan G., 2024. Global scenario of begomovirus diseases in vegetable crops. Vegetable Science, 51 (Special Issue), 43–53. https://doi.org/10.61180/vegsci.2024.v51.spl.05
  • Li R., Salih S., Hurtt S., 2004. Detection of Geminiviruses in sweetpotato by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Plant Disease, 88(12), 1347–1351. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.12.1347
  • Li Z-B., Qin B-X., Cai J-H., 2013. First report of Ageratum yellow vein China virus Infecting Zinnia elegans in Vietnam. Plant Disease, 97(3), 431. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-12-0943-PDN
  • Maliano M.R., Macedo M.A., Rojas M.R., Gilbertson R.L., 2021. Weed-infecting viruses in a tropical agroecosystem present different threats to crops and evolutionary histories. PLoS ONE, 16(4), e0250066. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250066
  • Mall S., Gupta S., Upadhyaya P., 2014. Identification of tomato leaf curl virus infecting Acalypha indica: an ethnomedicinal weed in North-Eastern Uttar Pradesh. In: Microbial diversity and biotechnology in food security. Kharwar R., Upadhyay R., Dubey N., Raghuwanshi R. (Eds.). Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1801-2_14
  • Martin D.P., Varsani A., Roumagnac P., Botha G., Maslamoney S., Schwab T., Kelz Z., Kumar V., Murrell B., 2020. RDP5: a computer program for analyzing recombination in, and removing signals of recombination from, nucleotide sequence datasets. Virus Evolution, 7(1), veaa087. https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veaa087
  • Mo C., Tang Y., Chen J., Cui L., Xie H., Qin B., Cai J., Li Z., 2023. Characteristics of the complete genome of ageratum yellow vein china virus infecting Sonchus oleraceus. Plant Disease, 107(10), 2944–2948. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-22-2688-SC
  • Nigam D., 2021. Genomic variation and diversification in Begomovirus genome in implication to host and vector adaptation. Plants, 10(8), 1706. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081706
  • Padidam M., Sawyer S., Fauquet C.M., 1999. Possible emergence of new geminiviruses by frequent recombination. Virology, 265(2), 218–225. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1999.0056
  • Polston J.E., Londoño M.A., Cohen A.L., Padilla-Rodriguez M., Rosario K., Breitbart M., 2017. Genome sequence of euphorbia mosaic virus from Passionfruit and Euphorbia heterophylla in Florida. Genome Announcements, 5(9), e01714–16. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01714-16
  • Revill P.A., Ha C.V., Porchun S.C., Vu M.T., Dale J.L., 2003. The complete nucleotide sequence of two distinct geminiviruses infecting cucurbits in Vietnam. Archives of Virology, 148(8), 1523–1541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-003-0109-6
  • Santosa A.I., Somowiyarjo S., 2023. Ageratum yellow vein alphasatellite and tomato leaf curl Java betasatellite association with begomoviruses infecting crops and weeds in Indonesia. Plant Protection Science, 59(4), 317–324. https://doi.org/10.17221/16/2023-PPS
  • Santosa A.I. Irbati A.H., Pratiwi G.N.C., Surwadinata A., Laeshita P., Dharma K.S., Jaya R.S., Andriyani A.L., A'yun C.Q., Fatika C.N.S., 2024. Updates on hosts and distribution of pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus and squash leaf curl China virus in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 21(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.31849/jip.v21i1.18856
  • Saunders K., Bedford I.D., Briddon R.W., Markham P.G., Wong S.M., Stanley J., 2000. A unique virus complex causes Ageratum yellow vein disease. PNAS, 97(12), 6890–6895. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.12.6890
  • Shafiq M., Ondrasek G., Al-Sadi A.M., Shahid M.S., 2023. Molecular signature of a novel alternanthera yellow vein virus variant infecting the Ageratum conyzoides weed in Oman. Viruses, 15(12), 2381. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15122381
  • Shahid M.S., Yoshida S., Khatri-Chhetri G.B., Briddon R.W., Natsuaki K.T., 2013. Complete nucleotide sequence of a monopartite Begomovirus and associated satellites infecting Carica papaya in Nepal. Virus Genes, 46(3), 581–584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-013-0888-0
  • She X., He Z., Yin G., Du Z., Tang Y., Lan G., 2014. A new alphasatellite molecule associated with Ageratum yellow vein China virus in the Philippines. Journal of Phytopathology, 163(1), 54–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.12244
  • Stanley J., Bisaro D.M., Briddon R.W., Brown, J.K., Fauquet, C.M., Harrison, B.D., et al., 2005. Geminiviridae. In: VIIIth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Virus Taxonomy. Fauquet C.M., Mayo M.A., Maniloff J., Desselberger U., Ball L.A. (Eds.). Elsevier/Academic Press, London, 1163–1169 p.
  • Sidik E.A., Hartono S., Sulandari S., 2022. Molecular identification of mungbean yellow mosaic virus infecting yard long beans and Aclypha indica in Kediri, East Java. 2nd Basic and Applied Science Conference (BASC) 2022, NST Proceedings, 38–43. https://doi.org/10.11594/nstp.2022.2506
  • Tamura K., Nei M., 1993. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 10(3), 512–526. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040023
  • Tamura K., Stecher G., Kumar, S., 2021. MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 38(7), 3022–3027. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120
  • Tan P.H.N., Wong S.M., Wu M., Bedford I.D., Saunders K., Stanley J., 1995. Genome organization of ageratum yellow vein virus, a monopartite whitefly-transmitted geminivirus isolated from a common weed. Journal of General Virology, 76(12), 2915–2922. https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-76-12-2915
  • Taufik M., Firihu M.Z., Hasan A., HS G., Variani V.I., Syair, Botek M., 2024. Begomoviruses on two chili types in Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia: variation of symptom severity assessment and DNA-betasatellite identification. Journal of Tropical Plants Pests and Diseases, 24(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.23960/jhptt.1241-9
  • Tomitaka Y., Yamaguchi A., Tanaka S., Kawano S., Tamayose Y., Onuki M., 2020. First report of leaf curling and yellowing caused by ageratum yellow vein virus in Phaseolus vulgaris in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 86, 227–232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-020-00912-8
  • Wahyono A., Murti R.H., Hartono S., Nuringtyas T.R., Wijonarko A., Mulyantoro M., Firmansyah D., Afifuddin A., Purnama I.C.G., 2023. Current status and complexity of three begomovirus species in pepper plants in lowlands and highlands in Java Island, Indonesia. Viruses, 15(6), 1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15061278
  • Xiong Q., Fan S., Wu J., Zhou X., 2007. Ageratum yellow vein China virus is a distinct begomovirus species associated with a DNAβ molecule. Phytopathology, 97, 405–411. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-97-4-0405

Detection of Ageratum yellow vein China virus on weeds Acalypha indica L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. in Indonesia

Year 2025, Volume: 65 Issue: 2, 13 - 20, 30.06.2025

Antama Surwadinata , Ucik Nugroho , Dea Putri Novitasari , Nadila Vinata , Filiz Randa Zelyüt , Adyatma Irawan Santosa

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1564148

Abstract

Begomoviruses are significant plant pathogens affecting various crops globally. Furthermore, weeds serve as reservoirs for these viruses, contributing to their spread and persistence. Field surveys in Sleman and Gunungkidul Regencies in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, collected four Acalypha indica L. samples showing leaf cupping, mosaic, and stunting, and two Euphorbia heterophylla L. samples exhibiting chlorosis, mosaic, and stunting. Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of ageratum yellow vein China virus (AYVCNV) in all six samples based on the sequences of the partial AV1 gene. However, SPG1/SPG2 primers also showed that three isolates (katemas SMN1, katemas SMN2, and akar kucing SMN2) had recombinant sequences in the partial AC1-AC2 regions, with Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) as one of the parent strains, indicating genetic exchange between both Begomovirus species. A scan using the Recombination Detection Program (RDP v5.30) confirmed strong signals in the three isolates, supporting the role of recombination in the evolution of begomoviruses. Two A. indica samples with systemic yellow vein clearing were also collected but tested negative using both primer pairs, indicating a different disturbance affecting them. This study molecularly characterized AYVCNV infecting A. indica and E. heterophylla for the first time in Indonesia and elsewhere. The findings highlight the importance of these widely distributed tropical weeds as alternative hosts for begomoviruses and underscore the need for continued monitoring to manage these viruses effectively in agricultural settings effectively.

Keywords

DNA virus genetic recombination Polymerase Chain Reaction phylogenetic tree reservoir plant host

Ethical Statement

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Supporting Institution

Universitas Gadjah Mada

Thanks

This research was supported by the Academic Excellence Improvement Program Scheme B of Universitas Gadjah Mada, under grant number 6529/UN1.P1/PT.01.03/2024

References

  • Çelik A., Santosa A.I., 2024. Impact of coat protein on evolution of ilarviruses. In: Current Topics in Membranes. Andrade L., Kushmerick C. (Eds.). Elsevier Inc., Amsterdam, 75-84 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ctm.2024.05.002
  • Duffy S., Holmes E.C., 2008. Phylogenetic evidence for rapid rates of molecular evolution in RNA viruses. Journal of Virology, 82(2), 957–965. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01929-07
  • Fiallo-Olivé E., Lett J-M., Martin D.P., Roumagnac P., Varsani A., Zerbini F.M., Navas-Castillo J., ICTV Report Consortium., 2021. CTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Geminiviridae 2021. Journal of General Virology, 102(12), 001696. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001696
  • Fiallo-Olivé E., Navas-Castillo J., 2023. Begomoviruses: what is the secret(s) of their success? Trends in Plant Science, 28(6), 715–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2023.01.012
  • Helina S., Akin H.M., Pramono S., Lestari P., Nurdin M., Afandi A., Dewi L., 2024. First report of ageratum yellow vein virus infecting papaya in Lampung, Indonesia. Molecular Biology Reports, 51, 119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-09029-5
  • Kon T., Kuwabara K., Hidayat S. Ikegami M., 2007. A begomovirus associated with ageratum yellow vein disease in Indonesia: evidence for natural recombination between tomato leaf curl Java virus and Ageratum yellow vein virus-[Java]. Archives of Virology, 152, 1147–1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0928-3
  • Krishna Reddy M., Nagendran K., Kumari S., Mohana Pradeep R.K., Karthikeyan G., 2024. Global scenario of begomovirus diseases in vegetable crops. Vegetable Science, 51 (Special Issue), 43–53. https://doi.org/10.61180/vegsci.2024.v51.spl.05
  • Li R., Salih S., Hurtt S., 2004. Detection of Geminiviruses in sweetpotato by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Plant Disease, 88(12), 1347–1351. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.12.1347
  • Li Z-B., Qin B-X., Cai J-H., 2013. First report of Ageratum yellow vein China virus Infecting Zinnia elegans in Vietnam. Plant Disease, 97(3), 431. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-12-0943-PDN
  • Maliano M.R., Macedo M.A., Rojas M.R., Gilbertson R.L., 2021. Weed-infecting viruses in a tropical agroecosystem present different threats to crops and evolutionary histories. PLoS ONE, 16(4), e0250066. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250066
  • Mall S., Gupta S., Upadhyaya P., 2014. Identification of tomato leaf curl virus infecting Acalypha indica: an ethnomedicinal weed in North-Eastern Uttar Pradesh. In: Microbial diversity and biotechnology in food security. Kharwar R., Upadhyay R., Dubey N., Raghuwanshi R. (Eds.). Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1801-2_14
  • Martin D.P., Varsani A., Roumagnac P., Botha G., Maslamoney S., Schwab T., Kelz Z., Kumar V., Murrell B., 2020. RDP5: a computer program for analyzing recombination in, and removing signals of recombination from, nucleotide sequence datasets. Virus Evolution, 7(1), veaa087. https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veaa087
  • Mo C., Tang Y., Chen J., Cui L., Xie H., Qin B., Cai J., Li Z., 2023. Characteristics of the complete genome of ageratum yellow vein china virus infecting Sonchus oleraceus. Plant Disease, 107(10), 2944–2948. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-22-2688-SC
  • Nigam D., 2021. Genomic variation and diversification in Begomovirus genome in implication to host and vector adaptation. Plants, 10(8), 1706. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081706
  • Padidam M., Sawyer S., Fauquet C.M., 1999. Possible emergence of new geminiviruses by frequent recombination. Virology, 265(2), 218–225. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1999.0056
  • Polston J.E., Londoño M.A., Cohen A.L., Padilla-Rodriguez M., Rosario K., Breitbart M., 2017. Genome sequence of euphorbia mosaic virus from Passionfruit and Euphorbia heterophylla in Florida. Genome Announcements, 5(9), e01714–16. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01714-16
  • Revill P.A., Ha C.V., Porchun S.C., Vu M.T., Dale J.L., 2003. The complete nucleotide sequence of two distinct geminiviruses infecting cucurbits in Vietnam. Archives of Virology, 148(8), 1523–1541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-003-0109-6
  • Santosa A.I., Somowiyarjo S., 2023. Ageratum yellow vein alphasatellite and tomato leaf curl Java betasatellite association with begomoviruses infecting crops and weeds in Indonesia. Plant Protection Science, 59(4), 317–324. https://doi.org/10.17221/16/2023-PPS
  • Santosa A.I. Irbati A.H., Pratiwi G.N.C., Surwadinata A., Laeshita P., Dharma K.S., Jaya R.S., Andriyani A.L., A'yun C.Q., Fatika C.N.S., 2024. Updates on hosts and distribution of pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus and squash leaf curl China virus in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian, 21(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.31849/jip.v21i1.18856
  • Saunders K., Bedford I.D., Briddon R.W., Markham P.G., Wong S.M., Stanley J., 2000. A unique virus complex causes Ageratum yellow vein disease. PNAS, 97(12), 6890–6895. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.12.6890
  • Shafiq M., Ondrasek G., Al-Sadi A.M., Shahid M.S., 2023. Molecular signature of a novel alternanthera yellow vein virus variant infecting the Ageratum conyzoides weed in Oman. Viruses, 15(12), 2381. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15122381
  • Shahid M.S., Yoshida S., Khatri-Chhetri G.B., Briddon R.W., Natsuaki K.T., 2013. Complete nucleotide sequence of a monopartite Begomovirus and associated satellites infecting Carica papaya in Nepal. Virus Genes, 46(3), 581–584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-013-0888-0
  • She X., He Z., Yin G., Du Z., Tang Y., Lan G., 2014. A new alphasatellite molecule associated with Ageratum yellow vein China virus in the Philippines. Journal of Phytopathology, 163(1), 54–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.12244
  • Stanley J., Bisaro D.M., Briddon R.W., Brown, J.K., Fauquet, C.M., Harrison, B.D., et al., 2005. Geminiviridae. In: VIIIth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Virus Taxonomy. Fauquet C.M., Mayo M.A., Maniloff J., Desselberger U., Ball L.A. (Eds.). Elsevier/Academic Press, London, 1163–1169 p.
  • Sidik E.A., Hartono S., Sulandari S., 2022. Molecular identification of mungbean yellow mosaic virus infecting yard long beans and Aclypha indica in Kediri, East Java. 2nd Basic and Applied Science Conference (BASC) 2022, NST Proceedings, 38–43. https://doi.org/10.11594/nstp.2022.2506
  • Tamura K., Nei M., 1993. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 10(3), 512–526. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040023
  • Tamura K., Stecher G., Kumar, S., 2021. MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 38(7), 3022–3027. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120
  • Tan P.H.N., Wong S.M., Wu M., Bedford I.D., Saunders K., Stanley J., 1995. Genome organization of ageratum yellow vein virus, a monopartite whitefly-transmitted geminivirus isolated from a common weed. Journal of General Virology, 76(12), 2915–2922. https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-76-12-2915
  • Taufik M., Firihu M.Z., Hasan A., HS G., Variani V.I., Syair, Botek M., 2024. Begomoviruses on two chili types in Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia: variation of symptom severity assessment and DNA-betasatellite identification. Journal of Tropical Plants Pests and Diseases, 24(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.23960/jhptt.1241-9
  • Tomitaka Y., Yamaguchi A., Tanaka S., Kawano S., Tamayose Y., Onuki M., 2020. First report of leaf curling and yellowing caused by ageratum yellow vein virus in Phaseolus vulgaris in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 86, 227–232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-020-00912-8
  • Wahyono A., Murti R.H., Hartono S., Nuringtyas T.R., Wijonarko A., Mulyantoro M., Firmansyah D., Afifuddin A., Purnama I.C.G., 2023. Current status and complexity of three begomovirus species in pepper plants in lowlands and highlands in Java Island, Indonesia. Viruses, 15(6), 1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15061278
  • Xiong Q., Fan S., Wu J., Zhou X., 2007. Ageratum yellow vein China virus is a distinct begomovirus species associated with a DNAβ molecule. Phytopathology, 97, 405–411. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-97-4-0405
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Phytopathology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Antama Surwadinata 0009-0008-3117-3314

Ucik Nugroho 0009-0002-5133-5399

Dea Putri Novitasari 0009-0003-3895-1215

Nadila Vinata 0009-0002-4330-4154

Filiz Randa Zelyüt 0000-0002-1366-4389

Adyatma Irawan Santosa 0000-0002-2826-5444

Early Pub Date June 13, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date October 11, 2024
Acceptance Date February 20, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 65 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Surwadinata, A., Nugroho, U., Novitasari, D. P., Vinata, N., et al. (2025). Detection of Ageratum yellow vein China virus on weeds Acalypha indica L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. in Indonesia. Plant Protection Bulletin, 65(2), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1564148
AMA Surwadinata A, Nugroho U, Novitasari DP, Vinata N, Randa Zelyüt F, Santosa AI. Detection of Ageratum yellow vein China virus on weeds Acalypha indica L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. in Indonesia. Plant Protection Bulletin. June 2025;65(2):13-20. doi:10.16955/bitkorb.1564148
Chicago Surwadinata, Antama, Ucik Nugroho, Dea Putri Novitasari, Nadila Vinata, Filiz Randa Zelyüt, and Adyatma Irawan Santosa. “Detection of Ageratum Yellow Vein China Virus on Weeds Acalypha Indica L. and Euphorbia Heterophylla L. In Indonesia”. Plant Protection Bulletin 65, no. 2 (June 2025): 13-20. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1564148.
EndNote Surwadinata A, Nugroho U, Novitasari DP, Vinata N, Randa Zelyüt F, Santosa AI (June 1, 2025) Detection of Ageratum yellow vein China virus on weeds Acalypha indica L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. in Indonesia. Plant Protection Bulletin 65 2 13–20.
IEEE A. Surwadinata, U. Nugroho, D. P. Novitasari, N. Vinata, F. Randa Zelyüt, and A. I. Santosa, “Detection of Ageratum yellow vein China virus on weeds Acalypha indica L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. in Indonesia”, Plant Protection Bulletin, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 13–20, 2025, doi: 10.16955/bitkorb.1564148.
ISNAD Surwadinata, Antama et al. “Detection of Ageratum Yellow Vein China Virus on Weeds Acalypha Indica L. and Euphorbia Heterophylla L. In Indonesia”. Plant Protection Bulletin 65/2 (June 2025), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1564148.
JAMA Surwadinata A, Nugroho U, Novitasari DP, Vinata N, Randa Zelyüt F, Santosa AI. Detection of Ageratum yellow vein China virus on weeds Acalypha indica L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. in Indonesia. Plant Protection Bulletin. 2025;65:13–20.
MLA Surwadinata, Antama et al. “Detection of Ageratum Yellow Vein China Virus on Weeds Acalypha Indica L. and Euphorbia Heterophylla L. In Indonesia”. Plant Protection Bulletin, vol. 65, no. 2, 2025, pp. 13-20, doi:10.16955/bitkorb.1564148.
Vancouver Surwadinata A, Nugroho U, Novitasari DP, Vinata N, Randa Zelyüt F, Santosa AI. Detection of Ageratum yellow vein China virus on weeds Acalypha indica L. and Euphorbia heterophylla L. in Indonesia. Plant Protection Bulletin. 2025;65(2):13-20.
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