Sağlıklı Yetişkinlerde Vitamin D Seviyeleri ve Lipid Metabolizması ile İnflamatuvar Belirteçlerle İlişkisi
Abstract
Amaç:
Bu çalışma, serum vitamin D seviyeleri ile biyokimyasal, hematolojik ve inflamatuvar belirteçler arasındaki ilişkileri inceleyerek, lipid metabolizması ve sistemik inflamasyon üzerindeki etkilerini sağlıklı bir yetişkin popülasyonunda değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntemler:
Retrospektif analiz, dahiliye polikliniğine yorgunluk şikayetiyle başvuran ve yaşları 18-65 arasında olan 267 bireyin tıbbi kayıtları üzerinde yapılmıştır. Dahil edilme kriterleri, komorbid hastalıklar veya aktif durumların bulunmamasını sağlamıştır. Serum vitamin D seviyeleri üç gruba ayrılmıştır: yetersiz-düşük (≤19 ng/mL), yeterli (20-29 ng/mL) ve normal (≥30 ng/mL). Biyokimyasal parametreler, hematolojik belirteçler ve türetilmiş oranlar (ör. trigliserid/glukoz oranı, monosit/HDL-C oranı) analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz için Spearman korelasyon, Kruskal-Wallis H testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular:
Vitamin D seviyeleri, HDL-C (ρ = 0.169, p = 0.0055) ve LDL-C (ρ = 0.198, p = 0.0011) ile anlamlı pozitif korelasyonlar ve nötrofil sayıları ile anlamlı negatif bir korelasyon (ρ = -0.133, p = 0.030) göstermiştir. Türetilmiş oranlardan trigliserid/monosit oranı anlamlı bir pozitif korelasyon (ρ = 0.160, p = 0.0088) sergilerken, monosit/HDL-C oranı anlamlı negatif bir korelasyon (ρ = -0.203, p = 0.00083) göstermiştir. Grup karşılaştırmalarında, HDL-C seviyelerinin düşük vitamin D grubunda, yeterli ve normal gruplara göre anlamlı olarak daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p = 0.0022). Diğer lipid veya inflamatuvar belirteçlerde anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır.
Sonuç:
Bu çalışma, vitamin D’nin lipid metabolizması ve sistemik inflamasyon üzerindeki çok yönlü rollerini vurgulamaktadır. HDL-C ile olan pozitif ilişki, kardiyoprotektif etkilerini öne çıkarırken, nötrofil sayılarıyla olan negatif korelasyon, inflamasyonu modüle etmedeki rolüne işaret etmektedir. Bu bulgular, sağlıklı bireylerde vitamin D’nin daha geniş fizyolojik etkileri hakkında değerli bilgiler sunmakta ve daha büyük ölçekli çalışmaların gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.
References
- Liu W, Zhang L, Xu HJ, et al. The anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D in tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(9):2736. doi:10.3390/ijms19092736.
- Medrano M, Carrillo Cruz E, Montero I, Perez Simon JA. Vitamin D: effect on haematopoiesis and immune system and clinical applications. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(9):2663. doi:10.3390/ijms19092663.
- Calvo MS, Lamberg-Allardt CJ. Vitamin D research and public health nutrition: a current perspective. Public Health Nutr. 2017;20(10):1713-1717. doi:10.1017/S1368980017001835.
- van Schoor NM, Lips P. Worldwide vitamin D status. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;25(4):671-680. doi:10.1016/j.beem.2011.06.007.
- Szymczak-Pajor I, Śliwińska A. Analysis of association between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance. Nutrients. 2019;11(4):794. doi:10.3390/nu11040794.
- Aranow C. Vitamin D and the immune system. J Investig Med. 2011;59(6):881-886. doi:10.2310/JIM.0b013e31821b8755.
- Qi K, Zhao Z, Zhang W, Yang F. The impacts of vitamin D supplementation in adults with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1033026. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1033026.
- Wimalawansa S. Associations of vitamin D with insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2018;175:177-189. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.09.017.
- Lontchi-Yimagou E, Kang S, Zhang K, et al. Insulin sensitizing effects of vitamin D mediated through reduced adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Diabetes. 2018;67(Suppl 1):39-OR. doi:10.2337/db18-39-OR.
- Oh J, Riek A, Darwech I, et al. Deletion of macrophage vitamin D receptor promotes insulin resistance and monocyte cholesterol transport to accelerate atherosclerosis in mice. Cell Rep. 2015;10(11):1872-1886. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.043.
- Murdaca G, Tonacci A, Negrini S, et al. Emerging role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases: An update on evidence and therapeutic implications. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(9):102350. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102350.
- Sassi F, Tamone C, D’Amelio P. Vitamin D: nutrient, hormone, and immunomodulator. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1656. doi:10.3390/nu10111656.
- Al-Dujaili E. Mini-review: Perfluorocarbons, oxygen transport, and microcirculation in low flow states: In vivo and in vitro studies: Erratum. Shock. 2018;49(3):354. doi:10.1097/SHK.0000000000001100.
- Lopez A, Kerlan V, Desailloud R. Effets non classiques de la vitamine D: la vitamine D en dehors de l'os. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2020;81(6):510-517. doi:10.1016/j.ando.2020.12.002.
- Matteis C, Crudele L, Cariello M, et al. Monocyte-to-HDL ratio predicts vitamin D deficiency in healthy and metabolic women: A cross-sectional study in 1048 subjects. Nutrients. 2022;14(2):347. doi:10.3390/nu14020347.
- Liu Y, Gong R, Luo G, et al. Associations of triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes in American adults at different vitamin D3 levels. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;12:735736. doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.735736.
- Souza WN, Aparicio-Ugarriza R, et al. Better body composition and lipid profile can be associated with vitamin D status in Spanish elderly? The PHYSMED study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2017;21(12):1329-1336. doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0949-5.
- Jiang X, Peng M, Chen S, et al. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with dyslipidemia: A cross-sectional study in 3788 subjects. Curr Med Res Opin. 2019;35(6):1059-1063. doi:10.1080/03007995.2018.1552849.
- Jorde R, Grimnes G. Vitamin D and metabolic health with special reference to the effect of vitamin D on serum lipids. Prog Lipid Res. 2011;50(4):303-312. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2011.05.001.
- Lupton J, Faridi K, Martin S, et al. Deficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile: The Very Large Database of Lipids (VLDL-3) study. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(1):72-81.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2015.09.006.
- Calton EK, Keane KN, Newsholme P, Soares MJ. The impact of vitamin D levels on inflammatory status: A systematic review of immune cell studies. PLoS One. 2015;10(10). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141770.
- Hidaka M, Wakabayashi I, Takeda Y, Fukuzawa K. Vitamin D₃ derivatives increase soluble CD14 release through ERK1/2 activation and decrease IL-8 production in intestinal epithelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013;721(1-3):305-312. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.014.
- Bishop E, Ismailova A, Dimeloe S, et al. Vitamin D and immune regulation: antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory. JBMR Plus. 2020;5(1). doi:10.1002/jbm4.10405.
- Yang K, Liu J, Fu S, et al. Vitamin D status and correlation with glucose and lipid metabolism in Gansu Province, China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020;13:1555-1563. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S249049.
- Berridge MJ. Vitamin D deficiency and diabetes. Biochem J. 2017;474(8):1321-1332. doi:10.1042/BCJ20170042.
Vitamin D Levels and Their Relationship with Lipid Metabolism and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Adults
Abstract
Objective:
This study investigates the associations between serum vitamin D levels and biochemical, hematological, and inflammatory markers in a healthy adult population, focusing on their implications for lipid metabolism and systemic inflammation.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 267 individuals aged 18–65 years, who presented to the internal medicine outpatient clinic with complaints of fatigue. Inclusion criteria ensured the absence of comorbid diseases or active conditions. Serum vitamin D levels were categorized into three groups: deficient-insufficient (≤19 ng/mL), sufficient (20–29 ng/mL), and normal (≥30 ng/mL). Biochemical parameters, hematological markers, and derived ratios (e.g., triglyceride/glucose ratio, monocyte/HDL-C ratio) were analyzed. Spearman correlation, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis.
Results:
Vitamin D levels showed significant positive correlations with HDL-C (ρ = 0.169, p = 0.0055) and LDL-C (ρ = 0.198, p = 0.0011), and a negative correlation with neutrophil counts (ρ = -0.133, p = 0.030). Among derived ratios, the triglyceride/monocyte ratio exhibited a significant positive correlation (ρ = 0.160, p = 0.0088), while the monocyte/HDL-C ratio showed a significant negative correlation (ρ = -0.203, p = 0.00083). Group comparisons revealed significantly lower HDL-C levels in the deficient-insufficient group compared to the sufficient and normal groups (p = 0.0022). No significant differences were found for other lipid or inflammatory markers.
Conclusion:
This study highlights the multifaceted roles of vitamin D in lipid metabolism and systemic inflammation. The positive association with HDL-C underscores its potential cardioprotective effects, while the negative correlation with neutrophil counts suggests its role in modulating inflammation. These findings provide valuable insights into vitamin D’s broader physiological effects in healthy individuals, warranting further large-scale studies.
Keywords
References
- Liu W, Zhang L, Xu HJ, et al. The anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D in tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(9):2736. doi:10.3390/ijms19092736.
- Medrano M, Carrillo Cruz E, Montero I, Perez Simon JA. Vitamin D: effect on haematopoiesis and immune system and clinical applications. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(9):2663. doi:10.3390/ijms19092663.
- Calvo MS, Lamberg-Allardt CJ. Vitamin D research and public health nutrition: a current perspective. Public Health Nutr. 2017;20(10):1713-1717. doi:10.1017/S1368980017001835.
- van Schoor NM, Lips P. Worldwide vitamin D status. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;25(4):671-680. doi:10.1016/j.beem.2011.06.007.
- Szymczak-Pajor I, Śliwińska A. Analysis of association between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance. Nutrients. 2019;11(4):794. doi:10.3390/nu11040794.
- Aranow C. Vitamin D and the immune system. J Investig Med. 2011;59(6):881-886. doi:10.2310/JIM.0b013e31821b8755.
- Qi K, Zhao Z, Zhang W, Yang F. The impacts of vitamin D supplementation in adults with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1033026. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1033026.
- Wimalawansa S. Associations of vitamin D with insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2018;175:177-189. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.09.017.
- Lontchi-Yimagou E, Kang S, Zhang K, et al. Insulin sensitizing effects of vitamin D mediated through reduced adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Diabetes. 2018;67(Suppl 1):39-OR. doi:10.2337/db18-39-OR.
- Oh J, Riek A, Darwech I, et al. Deletion of macrophage vitamin D receptor promotes insulin resistance and monocyte cholesterol transport to accelerate atherosclerosis in mice. Cell Rep. 2015;10(11):1872-1886. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2015.02.043.
- Murdaca G, Tonacci A, Negrini S, et al. Emerging role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases: An update on evidence and therapeutic implications. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(9):102350. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102350.
- Sassi F, Tamone C, D’Amelio P. Vitamin D: nutrient, hormone, and immunomodulator. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1656. doi:10.3390/nu10111656.
- Al-Dujaili E. Mini-review: Perfluorocarbons, oxygen transport, and microcirculation in low flow states: In vivo and in vitro studies: Erratum. Shock. 2018;49(3):354. doi:10.1097/SHK.0000000000001100.
- Lopez A, Kerlan V, Desailloud R. Effets non classiques de la vitamine D: la vitamine D en dehors de l'os. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2020;81(6):510-517. doi:10.1016/j.ando.2020.12.002.
- Matteis C, Crudele L, Cariello M, et al. Monocyte-to-HDL ratio predicts vitamin D deficiency in healthy and metabolic women: A cross-sectional study in 1048 subjects. Nutrients. 2022;14(2):347. doi:10.3390/nu14020347.
- Liu Y, Gong R, Luo G, et al. Associations of triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes in American adults at different vitamin D3 levels. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;12:735736. doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.735736.
- Souza WN, Aparicio-Ugarriza R, et al. Better body composition and lipid profile can be associated with vitamin D status in Spanish elderly? The PHYSMED study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2017;21(12):1329-1336. doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0949-5.
- Jiang X, Peng M, Chen S, et al. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with dyslipidemia: A cross-sectional study in 3788 subjects. Curr Med Res Opin. 2019;35(6):1059-1063. doi:10.1080/03007995.2018.1552849.
- Jorde R, Grimnes G. Vitamin D and metabolic health with special reference to the effect of vitamin D on serum lipids. Prog Lipid Res. 2011;50(4):303-312. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2011.05.001.
- Lupton J, Faridi K, Martin S, et al. Deficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile: The Very Large Database of Lipids (VLDL-3) study. J Clin Lipidol. 2016;10(1):72-81.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2015.09.006.
- Calton EK, Keane KN, Newsholme P, Soares MJ. The impact of vitamin D levels on inflammatory status: A systematic review of immune cell studies. PLoS One. 2015;10(10). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141770.
- Hidaka M, Wakabayashi I, Takeda Y, Fukuzawa K. Vitamin D₃ derivatives increase soluble CD14 release through ERK1/2 activation and decrease IL-8 production in intestinal epithelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013;721(1-3):305-312. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.014.
- Bishop E, Ismailova A, Dimeloe S, et al. Vitamin D and immune regulation: antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory. JBMR Plus. 2020;5(1). doi:10.1002/jbm4.10405.
- Yang K, Liu J, Fu S, et al. Vitamin D status and correlation with glucose and lipid metabolism in Gansu Province, China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020;13:1555-1563. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S249049.
- Berridge MJ. Vitamin D deficiency and diabetes. Biochem J. 2017;474(8):1321-1332. doi:10.1042/BCJ20170042.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Endocrinology, Internal Diseases |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | November 19, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | March 26, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 2 Issue: 2 |
