Assessment of the Rock Slopes by Kinematic and Limit Equilibrium Methods on the Bağlarbaşı - Tekke (Gümüşhane) Motorway
Abstract
Kinematic analysis method is one of the widely used methods to evaluate potential failures such as planar, wedge and toppling in rock slopes. In this method, orientations of slope and discontinuity with the friction angle of the discontinuities planes are used to analyze possible failure types. However, the reliability of the results obtained from kinematical analyses is not sufficient for optimum slope design. For this reason, it is necessary that the results of kinematical analyses should be controlled using limit equilibrium or numerical analyses. In this study, stability of rock slopes on the highway of Bağlarbaşı-Tekke (Gümüşhane) was investigated using kinematical and limit equilibrium analyses. The results of thekinematical analyses showed that there may be planar and wedge type instabilities for the rock slopes numbered 5, 6, and 7. The limit equilibrium analyses conducted for the types of plane and wedge show that the rock slopes numbered 5 and 6 are instable while number 7 is stable.
References
- Alemdag S., Akgun A., Kaya A., Gokceoglu C., (2014), A large and rapid planar failure: Causes, mechanism and consequences (Mordut, Gumushane, Turkey), Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7(3), 205-1221.
- Attewell P.B., Farmer, I.W., (1976), Principles of engineering geology, Chapman and Hall, London.
- Barton M.R., (1973), Review of a new shear strength criterion for rock joints, Engineering Geology, 7, 287-332.
- Barton M.R., Choubey V., (1977), The shear strenght of rock and rock joints, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Minning Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts, 13, 255-279.
- CANMET, (1977), Laboratory tests for design parametres. In Pit Slope Manual of CANMET, Supplement 3-2, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology Report 77-26.
- Fookes P.G., Denness B., (1969), Observational studies on fissure patterns in Cretaceous sediments of southeast England, Geotechnique, 19 (4), 453-77.
- Gokceoglu C., Sonmez H., Ercanoglu M., (2000), Discontinuity controlled probabilistic slope failure risk maps of the Altındağ (settlement) region in Turkey, Engineering Geology, 55, 277-296.
- Goodman R.E., (1989), Introduction to rock mechanics, 2nd edition, Wiley, New York.
- Goodman R, E., (1995), Block theory and its application, Geotechnique, 45(39), 383-422.
- Gurocak Z., Alemdag S., Zaman M., (2008), Rock slope stability and excavatability assessment of rocks at the Kapikaya Dam site, Eastern Turkey, Engineering Geology, 96(1-2), 17-27.
- Hoek E., Bray J., (1977), Rock slope engineering, 1st edn, IMM, London.
- Hoek E., Bray J.W., (1981), Rock slope engineering, Third Edition, The Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, London.
- ISRM, (1978), Suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses, International Rock Mechanics and Mining Science, Geomech. Abstr. 15, 319-368.
- ISRM, (2007), The complete isrm suggested methods for rock characterization, testing and monitoring: 1974-2006. Suggested Methods prepared by the Commission on Testing Methods, ISRM, R. Ulusay and J.A. Hudson (Ed.), Kozan Ofset, Ankara, 628s.
- Jenning J.E., (1970), A mathematical theory for the calculation of the stability of open cast mines, Proc. Symp. On Planning Open Pit Mines, Cape Town, Balkema, ss.87-112.
- Kentli B., Topal T., (2004), Assesment of rock slope stability for a segment of the Ankara-Pozanti motorway Turkey, Engineering Geology, 74(1-2), 73-90.
- Ketin İ., (1966), Tectonic units of Anatolia. Bull. Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey, 66, 22-34.
- Kroeger E.B., (1999a), Planar Failure Analysis version 2.0.
- Kroeger E.B., (1999b), Wedge Failure Analysis version 2.0.
- Özkirişçi Oktay C., (2014), Bağlarbaşı-Tekke (Gümüşhane) arasındaki kesilmiş kaya şevlerinin duraylılığının incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gümüşhane.
- Piteau D.R., (1970), Geological factors significant to the stability of slopes cut in rock, Proc. of The Symp. on Planning Open Pit Mines, South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy., Johannesburg, ss.33-53.
- Priest S.D., Hudson J.A., (1981), Estimation of discontinuity spacing and trace lengthusing scanline surveys, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts, 18(3), 183-197.
- Rocscience, (2002), Dips v5.1 Graphical and statistical analysis of orientation data, Rocscience Inc., Toronto, Ontario.
- Rocscience, (2004), User's guide of rocdata: Strength analysis of rock and soil masses using the generalized Hoek-Brown, Mohr-Coulomb, Barton-Bandis and Power Curve failure criteria, version 3.0 ed. Rocscience Inc., Toronto, Ontario,
- Tudes S., Ceryan S., Bulut F., (2012), Geoenvironmental evaluation for planning: an example from Gumushane City, Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 71(4), 679-690.
- Wyllie D.C., Mah C.W., (2004), Rock slope engineering civil and mining, Spon Press, Taylor and Francis e-library.
- Yılmaz I., Marschalko M., Yıldırım M., Dereli E., Bednarik M., (2012), GIS-based kinematic slope instability and slope mass rating (SMR) maps: application to a railway route in Sivas (Turkey), Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 71(2), 351-357.
- Yılmaz Y., (1972), Geology of the Gümüşhane Granitoyidi (petrography), İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Seri B, 157-172.
- Yoon W.S., Jeong U.J., Kim J.H., (2002), Kinematic analysis for sliding failure of multi-faced rock slopes, Engineering Geology, 67(1-2), 51-61.
Bağlarbaşı-Tekke (Gümüşhane) Karayolundaki Kaya Şevlerinin Kinematik ve Limit Denge Yöntemleri İle Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Kinematik analiz yöntemi, kaya şevlerinde düzlemsel, kama ve devrilme gibi yenilmeleri değerlendirmek için yaygın olarak kullanılan analiz yöntemlerinden birisidir. Bu yöntemde, olası yenilme tiplerini belirlemek için şev ve süreksizliklerin yönelimleri ile süreksizliklerin içsel sürtünme açıları kullanılır. Ancak, kinematik analizlerden elde edilen sonuçların güvenirliği optimum şev tasarımı için yeterli değildir. Bu nedenle, kinematik analiz sonuçlarının limit denge analizleri veya sayısal analizler ile kontrol edilmesi gereklidir. Bu çalışmada, Bağlarbaşı-Tekke (Gümüşhane) karayolundaki kaya şevlerinin duraylılığı kinematik ve limit denge analizleri ile incelenmiştir. Kinematik analiz sonuçları, (5), (6) ve (7) nolu kaya şevlerinde düzlemsel ve kama tipi duraysızlıkların ortaya çıkabileceğini göstermektedir. Düzlemsel ve kama türü için yapılan limit denge analizleri, (5) ve (6) nolu şevlerin duraysız iken (7) nolu şevin ise duraylı olduğunu göstermektedir.
References
- Alemdag S., Akgun A., Kaya A., Gokceoglu C., (2014), A large and rapid planar failure: Causes, mechanism and consequences (Mordut, Gumushane, Turkey), Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7(3), 205-1221.
- Attewell P.B., Farmer, I.W., (1976), Principles of engineering geology, Chapman and Hall, London.
- Barton M.R., (1973), Review of a new shear strength criterion for rock joints, Engineering Geology, 7, 287-332.
- Barton M.R., Choubey V., (1977), The shear strenght of rock and rock joints, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Minning Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts, 13, 255-279.
- CANMET, (1977), Laboratory tests for design parametres. In Pit Slope Manual of CANMET, Supplement 3-2, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology Report 77-26.
- Fookes P.G., Denness B., (1969), Observational studies on fissure patterns in Cretaceous sediments of southeast England, Geotechnique, 19 (4), 453-77.
- Gokceoglu C., Sonmez H., Ercanoglu M., (2000), Discontinuity controlled probabilistic slope failure risk maps of the Altındağ (settlement) region in Turkey, Engineering Geology, 55, 277-296.
- Goodman R.E., (1989), Introduction to rock mechanics, 2nd edition, Wiley, New York.
- Goodman R, E., (1995), Block theory and its application, Geotechnique, 45(39), 383-422.
- Gurocak Z., Alemdag S., Zaman M., (2008), Rock slope stability and excavatability assessment of rocks at the Kapikaya Dam site, Eastern Turkey, Engineering Geology, 96(1-2), 17-27.
- Hoek E., Bray J., (1977), Rock slope engineering, 1st edn, IMM, London.
- Hoek E., Bray J.W., (1981), Rock slope engineering, Third Edition, The Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, London.
- ISRM, (1978), Suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses, International Rock Mechanics and Mining Science, Geomech. Abstr. 15, 319-368.
- ISRM, (2007), The complete isrm suggested methods for rock characterization, testing and monitoring: 1974-2006. Suggested Methods prepared by the Commission on Testing Methods, ISRM, R. Ulusay and J.A. Hudson (Ed.), Kozan Ofset, Ankara, 628s.
- Jenning J.E., (1970), A mathematical theory for the calculation of the stability of open cast mines, Proc. Symp. On Planning Open Pit Mines, Cape Town, Balkema, ss.87-112.
- Kentli B., Topal T., (2004), Assesment of rock slope stability for a segment of the Ankara-Pozanti motorway Turkey, Engineering Geology, 74(1-2), 73-90.
- Ketin İ., (1966), Tectonic units of Anatolia. Bull. Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey, 66, 22-34.
- Kroeger E.B., (1999a), Planar Failure Analysis version 2.0.
- Kroeger E.B., (1999b), Wedge Failure Analysis version 2.0.
- Özkirişçi Oktay C., (2014), Bağlarbaşı-Tekke (Gümüşhane) arasındaki kesilmiş kaya şevlerinin duraylılığının incelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gümüşhane.
- Piteau D.R., (1970), Geological factors significant to the stability of slopes cut in rock, Proc. of The Symp. on Planning Open Pit Mines, South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy., Johannesburg, ss.33-53.
- Priest S.D., Hudson J.A., (1981), Estimation of discontinuity spacing and trace lengthusing scanline surveys, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts, 18(3), 183-197.
- Rocscience, (2002), Dips v5.1 Graphical and statistical analysis of orientation data, Rocscience Inc., Toronto, Ontario.
- Rocscience, (2004), User's guide of rocdata: Strength analysis of rock and soil masses using the generalized Hoek-Brown, Mohr-Coulomb, Barton-Bandis and Power Curve failure criteria, version 3.0 ed. Rocscience Inc., Toronto, Ontario,
- Tudes S., Ceryan S., Bulut F., (2012), Geoenvironmental evaluation for planning: an example from Gumushane City, Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 71(4), 679-690.
- Wyllie D.C., Mah C.W., (2004), Rock slope engineering civil and mining, Spon Press, Taylor and Francis e-library.
- Yılmaz I., Marschalko M., Yıldırım M., Dereli E., Bednarik M., (2012), GIS-based kinematic slope instability and slope mass rating (SMR) maps: application to a railway route in Sivas (Turkey), Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 71(2), 351-357.
- Yılmaz Y., (1972), Geology of the Gümüşhane Granitoyidi (petrography), İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Seri B, 157-172.
- Yoon W.S., Jeong U.J., Kim J.H., (2002), Kinematic analysis for sliding failure of multi-faced rock slopes, Engineering Geology, 67(1-2), 51-61.
There are 29 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 29, 2015 |
| Submission Date | August 29, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015 Volume: 1 Issue: 1-2 |
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