Analysis of Water Loss Management Performance of Water Utilities and Development of Basic Performance Indicator Analysis Tool
Abstract
In water loss management, monitoring system behavior and analyzing system performance according to appropriate indicators is very important for improving operating conditions. However, appropriate calculation tools should be used to make these analyzes accurately, regularly, systematically and precisely. Therefore, in this study, the most appropriate indicators were determined based on the indicators proposed IWA and other organizations in literature in order to analyze and monitor the process performance in water loss management. A web-based "GGS basic performance analysis calculation tool" has been developed to systematically calculate these indicators and monitor performance. This tool basically includes volumetric and percentage indicators, service connection and per line length indicators, administrative and physical loss, economic and cost, failure and network rehabilitation indicators. The details of this tool were detailed, its advantages were discussed by analyzing of sample data set. It is believed that this analysis tool developed in this study will provide significant contributions to the analysis and monitoring of the performance of the Utilities in terms of water loss management and its components, and to evaluate the process performance for active leakage control activities.
References
- Alegre H., Baptista J.M., Cabrera Jr E., Cubillo F., Duarte P., Hirner W., Merkel W., Parena R., (2006), Performance Indicators for Water Supply Services - Second Edition, IWA Publishing, London, UK, 312ss.
- Alegre H, Baptista J.M., Cabrera Jr E., Cubillo F., Duarte P., Hirner W., Merkel W., Parena R., (2016), Performance Indicators for Water Supply Services: Third Edition, IWA Publishing, London, UK, 404ss.
- Chimene C., (2013), Strategies and Methods for Apparent Water Loss Management in Developing Countries A Case Study of Mozambique, MSc Thesis, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands.
- Creaco E., Walski T., (2018), Economic analysis of pressure control for leakage and pipe burst reduction, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 143(12):04017074-1.
- Güngör-Demirci G., Lee J., Keck J., (2018), Assessing the performance of a California water utility using two-stage data envelopment analysis, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Mangement, 144(4):05018004-1.
- Farley M., Trow S., (2003), Losses in water distribution networks : a practitioner s guide to assessment, monitoring and control, IWA Publishing, London, UK, ss.273.
- Farley M., Wyeth G., Ghazali Z.B.M., Istandar A., Singh S., (2008), The Manager’s Non-Revenue Water Handbook: A Guid to Underst Water Losses, Ranhill Util Bernhad USAID, Malaysia, 110ss.
- Francisque A., (2017), Water mains renewal planning framework for small to medium sized water utilities: a life cycle cost analysis approach, Urban Water Journal, 14(5), 493–501.
- Ganjidoost A., Knight M.A., Unger A.J.A., Haas C.T., (2018), Benchmark Performance Indicators for Utility Water and Wastewater Pipelines Infrastructure, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Mangement, 144(3):04018003-1.
- Haider H., (2015), Performance management framework for small to medium sized water utilities: conceptualization to development and implementation, PhD Thesis, The University of British Columbia, Canada.
- Hamilton S., Mckenzie R., Seago C., (2006), A Review of Performance Indicators for Real Losses from Water Supply Systems, Voda i Sanitarna Tehnika, 36(6), 15–24.
- Kanakoudis V., Tsitsifli S., Samaras P., Zouboulis A., (2014), Water pipe networks performance evaluation, Department of Civil Engineering, University of The Twentieth Anniversary Volume, ss.211-226.
- Kim E.S., Baek C.W., Kim J.H., (2005), Estimate of pipe deterioration and optimal scheduling of rehabilitation, Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 5(2), 39–46.
- Lambert A.O., Brown T.G., Takizawa M., Weimer D., (1999), A review of performance indicators for real losses from water supply systems. J Water Supply Res Technol - AQUA, 48, 227–237.
- Lambert A.O., (2002), International report: Water losses management and techniques. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 2(4), 1-20.
- Lambert A.O., Lalonde A., (2005), Using practical predictions of Economic Intervention Frequency to calculate Short-run Economic Leakage Level, with or without Pressure Management, Procedings of IWA Specialised Leakage 2005 Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, ss.310-321.
- Liemberger R., Brothers K., Lambert A., Mckenzie R.S., Rizzo A., Waldron T., (2007), Water loss performance indicators, Proceedings of IWA Specialised Conference Water Loss 23th-26th September, 2007. Bucharest-Cyprus, London, IWA Publishing, B2(1), ss.148-160.
- Loganathan G.V., Park S., Sherali H.D., (2002), Threshold break rate for pipeline replacement in water distribution systems, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 128(4), 271–279.
- Mutikanga H., Sharma S., Vairavamoorthy K., Cabrera Jr E., (2010), Using performance indicators as a water loss management tool in developing countries, J Water Supply Res Technol - AQUA, 59(8): 471–481.
- Park S.W., Loganathan G.V., (2002), Methodology for economically optimal replacement of pipes in water distribution systems: 2. Applications, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 6(4), 545–550.
- Pearson D., Trow S.W., (2005), Calculating the Economic Levels of Leakage, Procedings of IWA Specialised Leakage 2005 Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, ss.294–309.
- Sharma S., (2008), Performance Indicators of Water Losses in Distribution Systems. UNESCO-IHE Inst Water Educ, available at: www.switchurbanwater.eu/outputs/pdfs/GEN_PRS_PI_of_Water_Losses_AC_Apr08.pdf, [Erişim 28 Haziran 2016].
- Shinde V.R., Hirayama N., Mugita A., Itoh S., (2013), Revising the existing Performance Indicator system for small water supply utilities in Japan, Urban Water Journal, 10(6), 377-393.
- Tricarico C., (2006), Economic level of reliability for the rehabilitation of hydraulic networks, Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems, 23(3), 191–207.
- van den Berg C., Danilenko A. (2010), The IBNET Water Supply and Sanitation Performance Blue Book, World Bank, https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2545, [Erişim 15 Mart 2020].
- Wang Y., Zayed T., Moselhi O., (2009), Prediction Models for Annual Break Rates of Water Mains, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 23(1), 47–54.
Su İdarelerinin Su Kayıp Yönetim Performansının Analizi ve Temel Performans Gösterge Hesaplama Aracının Geliştirilmesi
Abstract
Su kayıp yönetiminde, sistem davranışının izlenmesi ve sistem performansının uygun göstergelere göre analiz edilmesi işletme koşullarının iyileştirilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Ancak bu analizlerin doğru, düzenli, sistematik ve hassas bir şekilde yapılması için uygun hesaplama araçlarının kullanılması gerekir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada kentsel su kayıp yönetiminde su kayıpları ile mücadelede süreç performansının analiz edilmesi ve izlenmesi amacıyla literatür esas alınarak en uygun göstergeler belirlenmiştir. Bu göstergelerin belirlenmesinde Uluslararası Su Birliği (IWA) ve diğer kuruluşlar tarafından önerilen göstergeler detaylı bir şekilde analiz edilmiş ve su kayıp yönetimi açısından en uygun göstergelerin seçilmiştir. Belirlenen bu performans göstergelerinin sistematik bir şekilde hesaplanması ve performansın izlenmesi için web tabanlı “GGS temel performans analizi hesaplama aracı” geliştirilmiştir. Bu hesaplama aracı temel olarak, hacimsel ve yüzdesel göstergeleri, servis bağlantı ve hat uzunluğu başına göstergeleri, idari ve fiziki kayıp, ekonomik ve maliyet, arıza ve şebeke rehabilitasyon göstergelerini içermektedir. Bu hesaplama aracının detayları paylaşılmış, sağladığı avantajlar tartışılmış ve örnek veriler için analiz yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen bu hesaplama aracının, İdarelerin su kayıp yönetimi ve bileşenleri açısından performansının analiz edilmesi, izlenmesi ve aktif kaçak kontrolü faaliyetleri için süreç performansının değerlendirilmesinde önemli katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
References
- Alegre H., Baptista J.M., Cabrera Jr E., Cubillo F., Duarte P., Hirner W., Merkel W., Parena R., (2006), Performance Indicators for Water Supply Services - Second Edition, IWA Publishing, London, UK, 312ss.
- Alegre H, Baptista J.M., Cabrera Jr E., Cubillo F., Duarte P., Hirner W., Merkel W., Parena R., (2016), Performance Indicators for Water Supply Services: Third Edition, IWA Publishing, London, UK, 404ss.
- Chimene C., (2013), Strategies and Methods for Apparent Water Loss Management in Developing Countries A Case Study of Mozambique, MSc Thesis, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands.
- Creaco E., Walski T., (2018), Economic analysis of pressure control for leakage and pipe burst reduction, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 143(12):04017074-1.
- Güngör-Demirci G., Lee J., Keck J., (2018), Assessing the performance of a California water utility using two-stage data envelopment analysis, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Mangement, 144(4):05018004-1.
- Farley M., Trow S., (2003), Losses in water distribution networks : a practitioner s guide to assessment, monitoring and control, IWA Publishing, London, UK, ss.273.
- Farley M., Wyeth G., Ghazali Z.B.M., Istandar A., Singh S., (2008), The Manager’s Non-Revenue Water Handbook: A Guid to Underst Water Losses, Ranhill Util Bernhad USAID, Malaysia, 110ss.
- Francisque A., (2017), Water mains renewal planning framework for small to medium sized water utilities: a life cycle cost analysis approach, Urban Water Journal, 14(5), 493–501.
- Ganjidoost A., Knight M.A., Unger A.J.A., Haas C.T., (2018), Benchmark Performance Indicators for Utility Water and Wastewater Pipelines Infrastructure, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Mangement, 144(3):04018003-1.
- Haider H., (2015), Performance management framework for small to medium sized water utilities: conceptualization to development and implementation, PhD Thesis, The University of British Columbia, Canada.
- Hamilton S., Mckenzie R., Seago C., (2006), A Review of Performance Indicators for Real Losses from Water Supply Systems, Voda i Sanitarna Tehnika, 36(6), 15–24.
- Kanakoudis V., Tsitsifli S., Samaras P., Zouboulis A., (2014), Water pipe networks performance evaluation, Department of Civil Engineering, University of The Twentieth Anniversary Volume, ss.211-226.
- Kim E.S., Baek C.W., Kim J.H., (2005), Estimate of pipe deterioration and optimal scheduling of rehabilitation, Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 5(2), 39–46.
- Lambert A.O., Brown T.G., Takizawa M., Weimer D., (1999), A review of performance indicators for real losses from water supply systems. J Water Supply Res Technol - AQUA, 48, 227–237.
- Lambert A.O., (2002), International report: Water losses management and techniques. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 2(4), 1-20.
- Lambert A.O., Lalonde A., (2005), Using practical predictions of Economic Intervention Frequency to calculate Short-run Economic Leakage Level, with or without Pressure Management, Procedings of IWA Specialised Leakage 2005 Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, ss.310-321.
- Liemberger R., Brothers K., Lambert A., Mckenzie R.S., Rizzo A., Waldron T., (2007), Water loss performance indicators, Proceedings of IWA Specialised Conference Water Loss 23th-26th September, 2007. Bucharest-Cyprus, London, IWA Publishing, B2(1), ss.148-160.
- Loganathan G.V., Park S., Sherali H.D., (2002), Threshold break rate for pipeline replacement in water distribution systems, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 128(4), 271–279.
- Mutikanga H., Sharma S., Vairavamoorthy K., Cabrera Jr E., (2010), Using performance indicators as a water loss management tool in developing countries, J Water Supply Res Technol - AQUA, 59(8): 471–481.
- Park S.W., Loganathan G.V., (2002), Methodology for economically optimal replacement of pipes in water distribution systems: 2. Applications, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 6(4), 545–550.
- Pearson D., Trow S.W., (2005), Calculating the Economic Levels of Leakage, Procedings of IWA Specialised Leakage 2005 Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, ss.294–309.
- Sharma S., (2008), Performance Indicators of Water Losses in Distribution Systems. UNESCO-IHE Inst Water Educ, available at: www.switchurbanwater.eu/outputs/pdfs/GEN_PRS_PI_of_Water_Losses_AC_Apr08.pdf, [Erişim 28 Haziran 2016].
- Shinde V.R., Hirayama N., Mugita A., Itoh S., (2013), Revising the existing Performance Indicator system for small water supply utilities in Japan, Urban Water Journal, 10(6), 377-393.
- Tricarico C., (2006), Economic level of reliability for the rehabilitation of hydraulic networks, Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems, 23(3), 191–207.
- van den Berg C., Danilenko A. (2010), The IBNET Water Supply and Sanitation Performance Blue Book, World Bank, https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2545, [Erişim 15 Mart 2020].
- Wang Y., Zayed T., Moselhi O., (2009), Prediction Models for Annual Break Rates of Water Mains, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 23(1), 47–54.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 25, 2021 |
| Submission Date | August 24, 2020 |
| Acceptance Date | December 30, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 1 |
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