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Physical Performance in Swimmers:Strength and Functional Movement Analysis

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 57 - 63, 03.07.2025

Barış Baydemir , Zülbiye Kaçay

Abstract

Since swimming is a branch that works all the body muscles and is performed in a horizontal position, it is preferred in all age groups. Muscular strength-muscular endurance has an important place among biomotor features in swimming. Trainers, trainers or conditioners have started to prefer drylan training more and more to improve the in-water performance of swimmers. One of the most important factors to be considered in strength training is the relationship between functional movement and muscle strength. For this reason, the study was conducted to examine the relationship between strength and functional movement in swimmers. 40 men swimmers who have been doing swimming training in Çanakkale Belediye Spor for at least 3 years participated in the research. In order to determine the static muscle strength of the swimmers, the plank stance test was applied, and to determine the functional movement scores of the swimmers, the Functional Movement Analysis test consisting of 7 movements was applied. SPSS package program was used for the analysis of the data obtained in the research. The demographic characteristics of the athletes were determined. The normality of the obtained data was tested with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In order to determine the correlation between the FMS Movement Patterns of the athletes and the Static Strength Parameters, the Spearman Rank Differences Correlation test, one of the nanparametric tests, was performed. Significance level was determined as p<0.05, p<0.01. As a result of the research, a positive and significant relationship was found between physical performance criteria, deep squat, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, trunk stability push-up, and total FMS score from functional movement patterns in swimmers.

Keywords

swimming FMS strenght training

References

  • Baydemir, B., Selçuk, R., Aksoy, D. (2019). The Effect of Anthropometric Characteristics on Track Exit Distance in 8-9 Year Old Swimmers. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Sciences, 2(2), 215-223.
  • Bennett, H., Fuller, J., Milanese, S., Jones, S., Moore, E., & Chalmers, S. (2021). Relationship Between Movement Quality and Physical Performance in Elite Adolescent Australian Football Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research.
  • Bishop, P. A., Jones, E., & Woods, A. K. (2008). Recovery from training: a brief review: brief review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(3), 1015-1024.
  • Bonazza, N. A., Smuin, D., Onks, C. A., Silvis, M. L., & Dhawan, A. (2017). Reliability, Validity, and Injury Predictive Value of the Functional Movement Screen: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. The American journal of sports medicine, 45(3), 725–732. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546516641937
  • Bond, D., Goodson, L., Oxford, S. W., Nevill, A. M., & Duncan, M. J. (2014). The association between anthropometric variables, functional movement screen scores and 100 m freestyle swimming performance in youth swimmers. Sports, 3(1), 1-11.
  • Bullock, G. S., Brookreson, N., Knab, A. M., & Butler, R. J. (2017). Examining fundamental movement competency and closed-chain upper-extremity dynamic balance in swimmers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(6), 1544-1551.
  • Butler, R. J., Plisky, P. J., & Kiesel, K. B. (2012). Interrater reliability of videotaped performance on the functional movement screen using the 100-point scoring scale. Athletic Training & Sports Health Care, 4(3), 103-109.
  • Chang, W. D., Chou, L. W., Chang, N. J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of Functional Movement Screen, Star Excursion Balance Test, and Physical Fitness in Junior Athletes with Different Sports Injury Risk. BioMed research international, 2020, 8690540. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8690540.
  • Cook, G., Burton, L., & Hoogenboom, B. J. (2014). Functional movement screening: The use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function–Part 1. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(3), 396–409.
  • Feitosa, W. G., & Flávio, A. D. S. (2024). Intermittent vs. continuous tests for monitoring swimming performance: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 24(9), 1159-1170.
  • García-Ramos, A., Pérez-Castilla, A., & Jaric, S. (2019). Strength testing: Optimal load determination for maximal mechanical power output. Sports Biomechanics, 18(4), 448–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2017.1422019.
  • Girard, J., Quigley, M., & Helfst, F. (2016). Does the functional movement screen correlate with athletic performance? A systematic review. Physical Therapy Reviews, 21(2), 83-90.
  • Kiesel, K., Plisky, P. J., & Voight, M. L. (2007). Can serious injury in professional football be predicted by a preseason functional movement screen? North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 2(3), 147–158.
  • Lloyd, R. S., Oliver, J. L., Radnor, J. M., Rhodes, B. C., Faigenbaum, A. D., & Myer, G. D. (2015). Relationships between functional movement screen scores, maturation and physical performance in young soccer players. Journal of sports sciences, 33(1), 11-19.
  • Lucas, D., Neiva, H., Marinho, D., Ferraz, R., Rolo, I., & Duarte-Mendes, P. (2021). Functional Movement Screen® evaluation: comparison between elite and non-elite young swimmers: FMS® and performance in swimming. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 21(2), 163-173.
  • McCall, A., Dupont, G., & Ekstrand, J. (2015). Injury prevention strategies, coach compliance and player adherence of 33 of the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study teams: A survey of teams' head medical officers. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(13), 725–730. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095259.
  • Moran, R. W., Schneiders, A. G., Mason, J., & Sullivan, S. J. (2017). Do Functional Movement Screen (FMS) composite scores predict subsequent injury? A systematic review with meta-analysis. British journal of sports medicine, 51(23), 1661–1669. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096938
  • Mujika, I., Halson, S., Burke, L., Balague, G., & Farrow, D. (2014). An integrated recovery model for individualised training in Olympic sports. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(6), 927–934. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0026.
  • Padua, D. A., Marshall, S. W., Boling, M. C., Thigpen, C. A., Garrett Jr, W. E., & Beutler, A. I. (2009). The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is a valid and reliable clinical assessment tool of jump-landing biomechanics: the JUMP-ACL study. The American journal of sports medicine, 37(10), 1996-2002.
  • Pfeifer, C. E., Sacko, R. S., Ortaglia, A., Monsma, E. V., Beattie, P. F., Goins, J., & Stodden, D. F. (2019). Functional movement Screen™ in youth sport participants: Evaluating the proficiency barrier for injury. International journal of sports physical therapy, 14(3), 436.
  • Rejman, M., Borowska, M., & Lech, M. (2016). Effects of strength training on swimming technique parameters in young swimmers. Human Movement, 17(3), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.1515/humo-2016-0023.
  • Suchomel, T. J., Nimphius, S., & Stone, M. H. (2018). The importance of muscular strength: Training considerations. Sports Medicine, 48(4), 765–785. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0862-z.
  • Tong, T. K., Wu, S., ve Nie, J. (2014). Sport-specific endurance plank test for evaluation of global core muscle function. Physical therapy in sport: official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine, 15(1), 58–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2013.03.003.
  • West, D. J., & Turner, D. C. (2016). The effects of strength training on swimming performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 46(9), 1267–1279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0564-6
  • West, D. J., Owen, N. J., Cunningham, D. J., Cook, C. J., & Kilduff, L. P. (2016). Strength and power predictors of swimming starts in international sprint swimmers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(4), 950–955. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c865d2.
  • Williams, L., & Wilkins, M. A. (2000). ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (6th ed.), American College of Sports Medicine, USA.

Yüzücülerde Fiziksel Performans: Kuvvet ve Fonksiyonel Hareket Analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 57 - 63, 03.07.2025

Barış Baydemir , Zülbiye Kaçay

Abstract

Yüzme tüm vücut kaslarını çalıştıran ve yatay pozisyonda yapılan bir branş olması nedeni ile her yaş grubunda tercih edilmektedir. Yüzmede biomotor özellikler arasında kassal kuvvet-kassal dayanıklılık önemli yer tutmaktadır. Antrenörler, çalıştırıcılar veya kondisyonerler yüzücülerin su içi performanslarını geliştirmek için drylan antrenmanlarını daha fazla tercih etmeye başlamıştır. Kuvvet çalışmalarında dikkat edilmesi gereken unsurların başında ise fonksiyonel hareket ve kas kuvveti arasında ilişkidir. Araştırmalar, fonksiyonel hareket kısıtlılığının sakatlık riskini arttırdığını ifade etmektedir (Moran vd., 2017; Bonazza vd., 2017; Chang vd., 2020). Bu nedenle çalışma yüzücülerde kuvvet ve fonksiyonel hareket arasında ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya Çanakkale Belediye Sporda en az 3 yıldır yüzme antrenmanları yapan 40 erkek yüzücü katılmıştır. Yüzücülerin statik kas kuvvetlerini belirlemek için plank duruşu testi fonksiyonel hareketlerini skorlarını belirlemek için ise 7 hareketten oluşan Fonksiyonel Hareket Analizi testi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizi için SPSS paket program kullanılmıştır. Sporcuların demografik özellikleri tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin normalliği Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi ile sınanmıştır. Sporcuların FMS Hareket Paternleri ile Statik Kuvvet Parametreleri arasındaki Korelasyonu belirlemek için nanparametrik testlerden Spearman Sıra Farkları Korelasyon testi yapılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05, p<0.01 olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, yüzücülerde fiziksel performans kriterlerinden kuvvet ve fonksiyonel hareket paternlerinden deep squat, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, trunk stability push-up, toplam FMS skoru arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

yüzme FMS kuvvet antrenman

References

  • Baydemir, B., Selçuk, R., Aksoy, D. (2019). The Effect of Anthropometric Characteristics on Track Exit Distance in 8-9 Year Old Swimmers. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Sciences, 2(2), 215-223.
  • Bennett, H., Fuller, J., Milanese, S., Jones, S., Moore, E., & Chalmers, S. (2021). Relationship Between Movement Quality and Physical Performance in Elite Adolescent Australian Football Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research.
  • Bishop, P. A., Jones, E., & Woods, A. K. (2008). Recovery from training: a brief review: brief review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(3), 1015-1024.
  • Bonazza, N. A., Smuin, D., Onks, C. A., Silvis, M. L., & Dhawan, A. (2017). Reliability, Validity, and Injury Predictive Value of the Functional Movement Screen: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. The American journal of sports medicine, 45(3), 725–732. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546516641937
  • Bond, D., Goodson, L., Oxford, S. W., Nevill, A. M., & Duncan, M. J. (2014). The association between anthropometric variables, functional movement screen scores and 100 m freestyle swimming performance in youth swimmers. Sports, 3(1), 1-11.
  • Bullock, G. S., Brookreson, N., Knab, A. M., & Butler, R. J. (2017). Examining fundamental movement competency and closed-chain upper-extremity dynamic balance in swimmers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(6), 1544-1551.
  • Butler, R. J., Plisky, P. J., & Kiesel, K. B. (2012). Interrater reliability of videotaped performance on the functional movement screen using the 100-point scoring scale. Athletic Training & Sports Health Care, 4(3), 103-109.
  • Chang, W. D., Chou, L. W., Chang, N. J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of Functional Movement Screen, Star Excursion Balance Test, and Physical Fitness in Junior Athletes with Different Sports Injury Risk. BioMed research international, 2020, 8690540. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8690540.
  • Cook, G., Burton, L., & Hoogenboom, B. J. (2014). Functional movement screening: The use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function–Part 1. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(3), 396–409.
  • Feitosa, W. G., & Flávio, A. D. S. (2024). Intermittent vs. continuous tests for monitoring swimming performance: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 24(9), 1159-1170.
  • García-Ramos, A., Pérez-Castilla, A., & Jaric, S. (2019). Strength testing: Optimal load determination for maximal mechanical power output. Sports Biomechanics, 18(4), 448–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2017.1422019.
  • Girard, J., Quigley, M., & Helfst, F. (2016). Does the functional movement screen correlate with athletic performance? A systematic review. Physical Therapy Reviews, 21(2), 83-90.
  • Kiesel, K., Plisky, P. J., & Voight, M. L. (2007). Can serious injury in professional football be predicted by a preseason functional movement screen? North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 2(3), 147–158.
  • Lloyd, R. S., Oliver, J. L., Radnor, J. M., Rhodes, B. C., Faigenbaum, A. D., & Myer, G. D. (2015). Relationships between functional movement screen scores, maturation and physical performance in young soccer players. Journal of sports sciences, 33(1), 11-19.
  • Lucas, D., Neiva, H., Marinho, D., Ferraz, R., Rolo, I., & Duarte-Mendes, P. (2021). Functional Movement Screen® evaluation: comparison between elite and non-elite young swimmers: FMS® and performance in swimming. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 21(2), 163-173.
  • McCall, A., Dupont, G., & Ekstrand, J. (2015). Injury prevention strategies, coach compliance and player adherence of 33 of the UEFA Elite Club Injury Study teams: A survey of teams' head medical officers. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(13), 725–730. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095259.
  • Moran, R. W., Schneiders, A. G., Mason, J., & Sullivan, S. J. (2017). Do Functional Movement Screen (FMS) composite scores predict subsequent injury? A systematic review with meta-analysis. British journal of sports medicine, 51(23), 1661–1669. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096938
  • Mujika, I., Halson, S., Burke, L., Balague, G., & Farrow, D. (2014). An integrated recovery model for individualised training in Olympic sports. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(6), 927–934. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0026.
  • Padua, D. A., Marshall, S. W., Boling, M. C., Thigpen, C. A., Garrett Jr, W. E., & Beutler, A. I. (2009). The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is a valid and reliable clinical assessment tool of jump-landing biomechanics: the JUMP-ACL study. The American journal of sports medicine, 37(10), 1996-2002.
  • Pfeifer, C. E., Sacko, R. S., Ortaglia, A., Monsma, E. V., Beattie, P. F., Goins, J., & Stodden, D. F. (2019). Functional movement Screen™ in youth sport participants: Evaluating the proficiency barrier for injury. International journal of sports physical therapy, 14(3), 436.
  • Rejman, M., Borowska, M., & Lech, M. (2016). Effects of strength training on swimming technique parameters in young swimmers. Human Movement, 17(3), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.1515/humo-2016-0023.
  • Suchomel, T. J., Nimphius, S., & Stone, M. H. (2018). The importance of muscular strength: Training considerations. Sports Medicine, 48(4), 765–785. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0862-z.
  • Tong, T. K., Wu, S., ve Nie, J. (2014). Sport-specific endurance plank test for evaluation of global core muscle function. Physical therapy in sport: official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine, 15(1), 58–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2013.03.003.
  • West, D. J., & Turner, D. C. (2016). The effects of strength training on swimming performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 46(9), 1267–1279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0564-6
  • West, D. J., Owen, N. J., Cunningham, D. J., Cook, C. J., & Kilduff, L. P. (2016). Strength and power predictors of swimming starts in international sprint swimmers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(4), 950–955. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c865d2.
  • Williams, L., & Wilkins, M. A. (2000). ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (6th ed.), American College of Sports Medicine, USA.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Training
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Barış Baydemir 0000-0002-8653-0664

Zülbiye Kaçay 0000-0002-9794-0888

Publication Date July 3, 2025
Submission Date March 27, 2025
Acceptance Date June 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Baydemir, B., & Kaçay, Z. (2025). Physical Performance in Swimmers:Strength and Functional Movement Analysis. Uluslararası Dağcılık Ve Tırmanış Dergisi, 8(1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.36415/dagcilik.1666933
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