Research Article
The Vatican’s Test Through Women, Gender, and Sexual Abuse in the Context of the Synod on Synodality
Abstract
The Roman Catholic Church faces a number of contemporary problems that are also partly global issues. The place of women in the Church, cases of sexual abuse, and the LGBTQ+ movement are some of these current issues for which the Vatican is trying to find a basis for agreement. The 16th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops was initiated by Pope Francis in 2021 under the theme “For a Synodal Church: Communion, Participation, and Mission.” This Synod is addressing within its scope a number of issues related to synodality, as well as solutions to the aforementioned pressing challenges. The Synod on Synodality is defined as a four-year process that ensures the participation of all the People of God. The Synod is placing particular emphasis on listening to women and those who feel excluded by the Church, and during the Synod a number of issues have stood. As anticipated, some of these issues involve women more actively participating in decision-making processes within the Church, establishing a deaconate for women, addressing the problem of sexual abuse, and welcoming LGBTQ+ individuals into the Church. This study aims to assess the issues raised in the Synod documents and to present the Vatican’s perspective and direction regarding these sensitive challenges.
Keywords
Synod on Synodality women deaconesses LGBTQ+ and the Catholic Church sexual abuse and the Catholic Church
References
- Aydın, Mahmut, Monologdan Diyaloğa: Çağdaş Hrsitiyan Düşüncesinde Hristiyan-Müslüman İlişkileri (Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları, 2001). google scholar
- Brockhaus, Hannah, “Pope Francis on women deacons: Holy orders is reserved for men,” 25 October 2023, Catholic News Agency, Accessed 15 November 2023, https://www.catholicnewsagency. com/news/255804/pope-francis-on-women-deacons-holy-orders-is-reserved-for-men. google scholar
- Buckley, Theodore Alois (Ed.) Canons and Decrees of Council of Trent (London: George Routledge and Co., 1851). google scholar
- Byrne, Lavinia, Woman at the Altar: The Ordination of Women in the Roman Catholic Church (New York: Continuum, 1999). google scholar
- “Canonical Codes Concerning The Synod,” General Secretariat of the Synod, accessed 06 October 2023, http://secretariat.synod.va/content/synod/en/the-synod/canonical-codes-concerning-the-synod.html. google scholar
- “Catechism of the Catholic Church, Article 92,” The Holy See, accessed 15 October 2023, https:// www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__PM.HTM#:~:text=92%20. google scholar
- Çoban, Bekir Zakir, Geçmişten Günümüze Papalık (İstanbul: İnsan, 2020). google scholar
- de Souza, Father Raymond J., “The Holy Spirit and the Synod on Synodality,” 14 September 2023, National Catholic Register, accessed 25 October 2023, https://www.ncregister.com/commentaries/ the-holy-spirit-and-the-synod-on-synodality. google scholar
- Farley, Harry, Church of England backs services for gay couples. 17 November 2023, BBC News, Accessed 19 November 2023, https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-67432854. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Assemblies,” 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/synodal-process/the-continental-stage/final_document.html. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Africa,” March 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 7, 8, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/final_document/en-newdoc/Africa-EN.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Asia,” 16 March 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 8, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/ACAS-Final-Document-16-Mar-2023.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Europe,” February 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 61, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/Europa_IT_ENG.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Latin America,” March 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 18-19, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/final_document/es-doc/07.-AM-LAT_CELAM_230104_SP_DTC_Originale.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Middle East,” February 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 1, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/EN_Catholic-Churches.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: North America,” January 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 4, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/North-American-Final-Document_EN.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Oceania,” February 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 7, 8, 11, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/final_document/en-newdoc/Oceania-EN.pdf. google scholar
- Franciscus, Pope, “Episcopalis Communio on the Synod of Bishops,” 15 September 2018, The Holy See, accessed 23 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/apost_constitutions/ documents/papa-francesco_costituzione-ap_20180915_episcopalis-communio.html. google scholar
- Fremantle, Anne, The Papal Encyclicals in Their Historical Context (Newyork, 1956). google scholar
- Gündüz, Şinasi, Hıristiyanlık (Ankara: İSAM Yayınları, 2019). google scholar
- Güngör, Ali İsra, Vatikan Misyon ve Diyalog (İstanbul: İlgi Kültür Sanat, 2016). google scholar
- Grumett, David, “Synods and Conferences,” Ecclesiology 18 (2022): 153-158. google scholar
- Hanby, Michael, “Synodality and the Spirit of Truth,” August 2023, First Things, accessed 25 October 2023, https://www.firstthings.com/article/2023/08/synodality-and-the-spirit-of-truth. google scholar
- “Instrumentum Laboris for the First Session of the XVI Ordinary General Assembly,” 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/ universal-stage/il/ENG_INSTRUMENTUM-LABORIS.pdf. google scholar
- John XXIII, Pope, “Ad Petri Cathedram”, 29 June 1959. The Holy See, Accessed 11 February 2024, https://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_29061959_ad-petri.html. google scholar
- John Paul II, Pope, “Ordinatio Sacerdotalis,” 22 May 1994, The Holy See, Accessed 15 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/1994/documents/hf_jp-ii_ apl_19940522_ordinatio-sacerdotalis.html. google scholar
- Keenan, Marie, Child Sexual Abuse and the Cathoılic Church (New York: Oxford University Press, 2012). google scholar
- “Katharine Jefferts Schori,” 22 March 2023, Encyclopedia Britannica, Accessed 15 October 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Katharine-Jefferts-Schori. google scholar
- Kuzelewska, Elzbieta and Marta Michalczuk-Wlizlo, “Same-sex Marriage and the Catholic Church in Europa: Any Chance for Understanding?” Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 66.79 (2021): 267-281. google scholar
- Lamb, Matthew L., and Matthew Levering, Vatican II: Renewal within Tradition (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008). google scholar
- “Law of the Church of England Clarification Canon 1992,” 1992, Anglican Church of Australia, Accessed 15 November 2023. https://anglican.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Law_of_the_ Church_of_England_Clarification_Canon_1992.pdf. google scholar
- “Letter of the XVI Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops to the People of God,” 25 October 2023, Synod 2021-2024, accessed 15 November 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/news/ letter-of-the-xvi-ordinary-general-assembly-of-the-synod-of-bishops-to-the-people-of-god.html. google scholar
- Lynch, Andrew P., Global Catholicism in the Twenty-first Century (Singapore: Springer, 2018). google scholar
- Mathews, Shailer, “The Council at Jerusalem,” The Biblical World 33.5 (1909): 337-342. google scholar
- O’brien, George Dennis, The Churhc and Abortion: A Catholic Dissent (Plymouth: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010). google scholar
- Olgun, Hakan. Sekülerliğin Teolojik Kurgusu Protestanlık (İstanbul: Milel Nihal, 2019). google scholar
- Özalp, Mürsel, “Papanın Yanılmazlığı Doktrini ve I. Vatikan Konsili: Taraflar, Tartışmalar ve Ultramontanizmin Zaferi,” KTÜİFD 1.2 (2014). google scholar
- Paul VI, Pope “Establishing the Synod of Bishops for the Universal Church,” 15 September 1965, The Holy See, accessed 5 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/motu_proprio/ documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19650915_apostolica-sollicitudo.html. google scholar
- Paul VI, Pope, “Instruction on the Celebration of Synodal Assemblies and on the Activity of the General Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops”, 1 October 2018, General Secretariat of the Synod, accessed 06 October 2023, http://secretariat.synod.va/content/synod/en/the-synod/instruction-on-the-celebration-of-synodal-assemblies-and-on-the-.html. google scholar
- “Preparatory Document” September 2021, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www. synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/preparatory-document/pdf-desktop/en_prepa_desktop.pdf. google scholar
- Pius X, Pope, “Pascendi Dominici Gregis,” 8 September 1907. The Holy See, Accessed 15 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-x/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-x_enc_19070908_ pascendi-dominici-gregis.html. google scholar
- Rakoczy, Susan, “The ordination of Catholic women as deacons: The state of the question,” HTS Teologiese Studies 76.2 (2020). google scholar
- Ratzinger, Joseph Cardinal, “Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic Church on the Pastorla Care of Homosexual Persons,” 1 October 1986, The Holy See, accessed 15 October 2023, https:// www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19861001_ homosexual-persons_en.html. google scholar
- “Report of the Digital Synod for the Continental Satage” 30 March 2023, Synod 2021-2024, accessed 11 October 2023, 7, https://www.sinododigital.com/english-continental. google scholar
- “Some Considerations Concerning the Response to Legislative Proposals on the Non-Discrimination of Homosexual Persons,” 24 July 1992, The Holy See, accessed 15 November 2023, https:// www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19920724_ homosexual-persons_en.html. google scholar
- “Synod,” 4 Oct. 2023, Encyclopedia Britannica, accessed 5 October 2023, https://www.britannica. com/topic/synod. google scholar
- Synod 2021 2024, accessed 6 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en.html. google scholar
- “Synod Assemblies: Ordinary General - General Extraordinary - Special,” General Secretariat of the Synod, accessed 6 October 2023, http://secretariat.synod.va/content/synod/en/synodal_assemblies. html. google scholar
- “Synod of Bishops: Synodal Information,” The Holy See, accessed October 2023, https://www. vatican.va/roman_curia/synod/documents/rc_synod_20050309_documentation-profile_en.html. google scholar
- “Synodal Process,” Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/synodal-process.html. google scholar
- “Vademecum For the Synod on Synodality,” September 2021, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/vademecum/en_vade.pdf. google scholar
- “What is the Synod 21-24,” Synod 2021 2024, accessed 6 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/ what-is-the-synod-21-24/about.html. google scholar
- “Working Document for the Continental Stage,” 24 October 2022, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 10 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ dcs/20221025-ENG-DTC-FINAL-OK.pdf. google scholar
- “XVI Ordinary General Assembly First Session Synthetis Report,” 28 October 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 10 November 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/assembly/synthesis/ english/2023.10.28-ENG-Synthesis-Report.pdf. google scholar
Year 2024,
Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 437 - 464, 29.12.2024
Abstract
Roma Katolik Kilisesi çağdaş toplumun da gündeminde olan birtakım güncel problemler ile karşı karşıyadır. Kadınların Kilisedeki yeri, cinsel istismar vakaları ve LGBTQ+ hareketi Vatikan’ın bir anlaşma zemini bulmaya çalıştığı konulardan bazılarıdır. II. Vatikan Konsili sonrasında kurulan Piskoposlar Sinodu’nun 16. Olağan Genel Kurulu “Sinodal bir Kilise İçin: Komünyon, Katılım ve Misyon” teması ile 2021 yılında Papa Francis tarafından başlatılmıştır. Bu süreç çerçevesinde sinodalliğe yönelik konuların yanı sıra bu sorunlara da çözümler aranmaktadır. Sinodalite Sinodu dört yıllık bir süreç olarak tanımlanmış ve tüm inananların sürece katılması sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Kadınların ve kendini dışlanmış hissedenlerin dinlenmesine vurgu yapılan Sinod sürecinde kadınların Kilise içinde karar alma süreçlerine aktif bir şekilde katılması, kadınlara diyakozluk yolunun açılması, Kiliseyi zor durumda bırakan cinsel istismar sorununun ele alınması ve LGBTQ+ bireylerin Kilisede hoş karşılanmasına yönelik birtakım hususlar ön plana çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, Sinodalite Sinodu çerçevesinde üretilen materyallerde bu konular ile ilgili hususları değerlendirerek Vatikan’ın bu hassas konular ile ilgili tutumunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Keywords
Sinodalite Sinodu Kadın Diyakozlar LGBTQ+ ve Katolik Kilisesi Cinsel İstismar ve Katolik Kilisesi
References
- Aydın, Mahmut, Monologdan Diyaloğa: Çağdaş Hrsitiyan Düşüncesinde Hristiyan-Müslüman İlişkileri (Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları, 2001). google scholar
- Brockhaus, Hannah, “Pope Francis on women deacons: Holy orders is reserved for men,” 25 October 2023, Catholic News Agency, Accessed 15 November 2023, https://www.catholicnewsagency. com/news/255804/pope-francis-on-women-deacons-holy-orders-is-reserved-for-men. google scholar
- Buckley, Theodore Alois (Ed.) Canons and Decrees of Council of Trent (London: George Routledge and Co., 1851). google scholar
- Byrne, Lavinia, Woman at the Altar: The Ordination of Women in the Roman Catholic Church (New York: Continuum, 1999). google scholar
- “Canonical Codes Concerning The Synod,” General Secretariat of the Synod, accessed 06 October 2023, http://secretariat.synod.va/content/synod/en/the-synod/canonical-codes-concerning-the-synod.html. google scholar
- “Catechism of the Catholic Church, Article 92,” The Holy See, accessed 15 October 2023, https:// www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__PM.HTM#:~:text=92%20. google scholar
- Çoban, Bekir Zakir, Geçmişten Günümüze Papalık (İstanbul: İnsan, 2020). google scholar
- de Souza, Father Raymond J., “The Holy Spirit and the Synod on Synodality,” 14 September 2023, National Catholic Register, accessed 25 October 2023, https://www.ncregister.com/commentaries/ the-holy-spirit-and-the-synod-on-synodality. google scholar
- Farley, Harry, Church of England backs services for gay couples. 17 November 2023, BBC News, Accessed 19 November 2023, https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-67432854. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Assemblies,” 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/synodal-process/the-continental-stage/final_document.html. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Africa,” March 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 7, 8, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/final_document/en-newdoc/Africa-EN.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Asia,” 16 March 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 8, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/ACAS-Final-Document-16-Mar-2023.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Europe,” February 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 61, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/Europa_IT_ENG.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Latin America,” March 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 18-19, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/final_document/es-doc/07.-AM-LAT_CELAM_230104_SP_DTC_Originale.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Middle East,” February 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 1, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/EN_Catholic-Churches.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: North America,” January 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 4, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ final_document/North-American-Final-Document_EN.pdf. google scholar
- “Final Documents of the Continental Stage: Oceania,” February 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 25 October 2023, 7, 8, 11, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/final_document/en-newdoc/Oceania-EN.pdf. google scholar
- Franciscus, Pope, “Episcopalis Communio on the Synod of Bishops,” 15 September 2018, The Holy See, accessed 23 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/apost_constitutions/ documents/papa-francesco_costituzione-ap_20180915_episcopalis-communio.html. google scholar
- Fremantle, Anne, The Papal Encyclicals in Their Historical Context (Newyork, 1956). google scholar
- Gündüz, Şinasi, Hıristiyanlık (Ankara: İSAM Yayınları, 2019). google scholar
- Güngör, Ali İsra, Vatikan Misyon ve Diyalog (İstanbul: İlgi Kültür Sanat, 2016). google scholar
- Grumett, David, “Synods and Conferences,” Ecclesiology 18 (2022): 153-158. google scholar
- Hanby, Michael, “Synodality and the Spirit of Truth,” August 2023, First Things, accessed 25 October 2023, https://www.firstthings.com/article/2023/08/synodality-and-the-spirit-of-truth. google scholar
- “Instrumentum Laboris for the First Session of the XVI Ordinary General Assembly,” 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/ universal-stage/il/ENG_INSTRUMENTUM-LABORIS.pdf. google scholar
- John XXIII, Pope, “Ad Petri Cathedram”, 29 June 1959. The Holy See, Accessed 11 February 2024, https://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_29061959_ad-petri.html. google scholar
- John Paul II, Pope, “Ordinatio Sacerdotalis,” 22 May 1994, The Holy See, Accessed 15 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/1994/documents/hf_jp-ii_ apl_19940522_ordinatio-sacerdotalis.html. google scholar
- Keenan, Marie, Child Sexual Abuse and the Cathoılic Church (New York: Oxford University Press, 2012). google scholar
- “Katharine Jefferts Schori,” 22 March 2023, Encyclopedia Britannica, Accessed 15 October 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Katharine-Jefferts-Schori. google scholar
- Kuzelewska, Elzbieta and Marta Michalczuk-Wlizlo, “Same-sex Marriage and the Catholic Church in Europa: Any Chance for Understanding?” Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 66.79 (2021): 267-281. google scholar
- Lamb, Matthew L., and Matthew Levering, Vatican II: Renewal within Tradition (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008). google scholar
- “Law of the Church of England Clarification Canon 1992,” 1992, Anglican Church of Australia, Accessed 15 November 2023. https://anglican.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Law_of_the_ Church_of_England_Clarification_Canon_1992.pdf. google scholar
- “Letter of the XVI Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops to the People of God,” 25 October 2023, Synod 2021-2024, accessed 15 November 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/news/ letter-of-the-xvi-ordinary-general-assembly-of-the-synod-of-bishops-to-the-people-of-god.html. google scholar
- Lynch, Andrew P., Global Catholicism in the Twenty-first Century (Singapore: Springer, 2018). google scholar
- Mathews, Shailer, “The Council at Jerusalem,” The Biblical World 33.5 (1909): 337-342. google scholar
- O’brien, George Dennis, The Churhc and Abortion: A Catholic Dissent (Plymouth: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010). google scholar
- Olgun, Hakan. Sekülerliğin Teolojik Kurgusu Protestanlık (İstanbul: Milel Nihal, 2019). google scholar
- Özalp, Mürsel, “Papanın Yanılmazlığı Doktrini ve I. Vatikan Konsili: Taraflar, Tartışmalar ve Ultramontanizmin Zaferi,” KTÜİFD 1.2 (2014). google scholar
- Paul VI, Pope “Establishing the Synod of Bishops for the Universal Church,” 15 September 1965, The Holy See, accessed 5 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/en/motu_proprio/ documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19650915_apostolica-sollicitudo.html. google scholar
- Paul VI, Pope, “Instruction on the Celebration of Synodal Assemblies and on the Activity of the General Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops”, 1 October 2018, General Secretariat of the Synod, accessed 06 October 2023, http://secretariat.synod.va/content/synod/en/the-synod/instruction-on-the-celebration-of-synodal-assemblies-and-on-the-.html. google scholar
- “Preparatory Document” September 2021, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www. synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/preparatory-document/pdf-desktop/en_prepa_desktop.pdf. google scholar
- Pius X, Pope, “Pascendi Dominici Gregis,” 8 September 1907. The Holy See, Accessed 15 October 2023, https://www.vatican.va/content/pius-x/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-x_enc_19070908_ pascendi-dominici-gregis.html. google scholar
- Rakoczy, Susan, “The ordination of Catholic women as deacons: The state of the question,” HTS Teologiese Studies 76.2 (2020). google scholar
- Ratzinger, Joseph Cardinal, “Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic Church on the Pastorla Care of Homosexual Persons,” 1 October 1986, The Holy See, accessed 15 October 2023, https:// www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19861001_ homosexual-persons_en.html. google scholar
- “Report of the Digital Synod for the Continental Satage” 30 March 2023, Synod 2021-2024, accessed 11 October 2023, 7, https://www.sinododigital.com/english-continental. google scholar
- “Some Considerations Concerning the Response to Legislative Proposals on the Non-Discrimination of Homosexual Persons,” 24 July 1992, The Holy See, accessed 15 November 2023, https:// www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19920724_ homosexual-persons_en.html. google scholar
- “Synod,” 4 Oct. 2023, Encyclopedia Britannica, accessed 5 October 2023, https://www.britannica. com/topic/synod. google scholar
- Synod 2021 2024, accessed 6 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en.html. google scholar
- “Synod Assemblies: Ordinary General - General Extraordinary - Special,” General Secretariat of the Synod, accessed 6 October 2023, http://secretariat.synod.va/content/synod/en/synodal_assemblies. html. google scholar
- “Synod of Bishops: Synodal Information,” The Holy See, accessed October 2023, https://www. vatican.va/roman_curia/synod/documents/rc_synod_20050309_documentation-profile_en.html. google scholar
- “Synodal Process,” Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/synodal-process.html. google scholar
- “Vademecum For the Synod on Synodality,” September 2021, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 9 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/vademecum/en_vade.pdf. google scholar
- “What is the Synod 21-24,” Synod 2021 2024, accessed 6 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/en/ what-is-the-synod-21-24/about.html. google scholar
- “Working Document for the Continental Stage,” 24 October 2022, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 10 October 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/common/phases/continental-stage/ dcs/20221025-ENG-DTC-FINAL-OK.pdf. google scholar
- “XVI Ordinary General Assembly First Session Synthetis Report,” 28 October 2023, Synod 2021 2024, accessed 10 November 2023, https://www.synod.va/content/dam/synod/assembly/synthesis/ english/2023.10.28-ENG-Synthesis-Report.pdf. google scholar
There are 54 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Religious Studies (Other) |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 29, 2024 |
| Submission Date | November 25, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | March 19, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 |
