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EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 33 - 50, 16.07.2021

İhsan Güzel

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı ekonomi literatüründe oldukça önemli yer teşkil eden enerji tüketimi ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Literatür incelendiğinde söz konusu ilişkiyi açıklamada enerji tüketimi ile ekonomik büyüme değişkenlerinin tek başına yetersiz olduğu ve dış ticaretin söz konusu ilişkiyi açıklamada önemli bir değişken olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda G7 ülkeleri örnekleminde enerji tüketimi, ekonomik büyüme ve ticari açıklık değişkenlerine ait 1970-2018 dönemine ait panel verilerle ekonometrik bir analiz yapılmıştır.
Panel eş bütünleşme,ve uzun dönem katsayı tahminlerinin yapıldığı çalışma sonucunda değişkenler arasında eş bütünleşme ilişkilerinin mevcut olduğu görülmüştür. Eş bütünleşmenin varlığı tespit edildikten sonra yapılkan uzun dönem katsayı tahminlerine göre ise ticari açıklığın istatistiki olarak anlamsız olduğu ekonomik büyümede meydana gelen %1’lik artışın enerji tüketimini %0,169 oranında arttırdığı görülmüştür.

Keywords

enerji tüketimi ekonomik büyüme panel veri analizi

References

  • Siddique, H. M. A., & Majeed, M. T. (2015). Energy consumption, economic growth, trade and financial development nexus in South Asia. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 9(2), 658-682.
  • Wrigley, E. A. (2010). Energy and the English industrial revolution. Cambridge University Press.
  • Kraft, J., & Kraft, A. (1978). On the relationship between energy and GNP. The Journal of Energy and Development, 401-403.
  • Shahbaz, M., Khan, S., & Tahir, M. I. (2013). The dynamic links between energy consumption, economic growth, financial development and trade in China: fresh evidence from multivariate framework analysis. Energy economics, 40, 8-21.
  • Lal, D. ve Rajapatirana, S. (1987). Foreign trade regimes and economic growth in developing countries. The World Bank Research Observer, 2(2), 189–217. doi:10.1093/wbro/2.2.189
  • Balassa, B. (1978). Exports and economic growth: Further evidence. Journal of Development Economics, 5(2), 181–189. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(78)90006-8.
  • Sancar, C., & Polat, M. A. (2015). Türkiye'de Ekonomik Büyüme, Enerji Tüketimi ve İthalat İlişkisi. Gümüşhane University Electronic Journal of the Institute of Social Science/Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 6(12).
  • Sadorsky, P. (2012). Energy consumption, output and trade in South America. Energy Economics, 34(2), 476-488.
  • Sebri, M., & Ben-Salha, O. (2014). On the causal dynamics between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions and trade openness: Fresh evidence from BRICS countries. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39, 14-23.
  • Yanar, R., & Kerimoğlu, G. (2011). Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Cari Açık İlişkisi. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 191-201.
  • Le, H. P. (2020). The energy-growth nexus revisited: the role of financial development, institutions, government expenditure and trade openness. Heliyon, 6(7), e04369.
  • Khan, S., Jam, F. A., Shahbaz, M., & Mamun, M. A. (2018). Electricity consumption, economic growth and trade openness in Kazakhstan: evidence from cointegration and causality. OPEC Energy Review, 42(3), 224-243.
  • Brini, R., Amara, M., & Jemmali, H. (2017). Renewable energy consumption, International trade, oil price and economic growth inter-linkages: The case of Tunisia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 76, 620-627.
  • Doğan, E. (2015). The relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption from renewable and non-renewable sources: A study of Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 534-546.
  • Doğan, B., & Değer, O. (2016). Enerji tüketimi, finansal gelişme ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Hindistan örneklemi. Journal of Yasar University, 11(44), 326-338.
  • Kasman, A., & Duman, Y. S. (2015). CO2 emissions, economic growth, energy consumption, trade and urbanization in new EU member and candidate countries: a panel data analysis. Economic modelling, 44, 97-103.
  • Zafar, M. W., Shahbaz, M., Hou, F., & Sinha, A. (2019). From nonrenewable to renewable energy and its impact on economic growth: The role of research & development expenditures in Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperati.on countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 212, 1166–1178. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.081.
  • Usman, M., Makhdum, M. S. A., & Kousar, R. (2020). Does financial inclusion, renewable and non-renewable energy utilization accelerate ecological footprints and economic growth? Fresh evidence from 15 highest emitting countries. Sustainable Cities and Society, 102590. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102590.
  • Nasreen, S., & Anwar, S. (2014). Causal relationship between trade openness, economic growth and energy consumption: A panel data analysis of Asian countries. Energy Policy, 69, 82–91. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2014.02.009.
  • Ciarreta, A., & Zarraga, A. (2010). Economic growth-electricity consumption causality in 12 European countries: A dynamic panel data approach. Energy Policy, 38(7), 3790-3796.
  • Sadorsky, P. (2011). Trade and energy consumption in the Middle East. Energy Economics, 33(5), 739-749.
  • Breusch, T.S. and Pagan, A.R., 1980. The Lagrange Multiplier Test and Its Applications to Model specification Tests in Econometrics. Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), pp. 239-253.
  • Pesaran, M.H., 2004. General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, p. 435.
  • Pesaran, M.H., Ullah, A., Yamagata, T., 2008. A bias-adjusted lm test of error cross-section independence. Econometrics Journal 11, pp. 105-127.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem and Yamagata, T., 2008. Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142 (1), pp. 50-93.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross‐section dependence. Journal of applied econometrics, 22(2), 265-312.
  • Westerlund, J., 2008. Panel Cointegration Tests of the Fisher Effect. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 23, pp. 193-223.
  • Pesaran, M.H., 2006. Estimation and Inference in Large Heterogeneous panels with a Multifactor Error Structure. Econometrica, 74, pp. 967-1012.
  • Swamy, P.A.V.B., 1970. Efficient Inference in a Random Coefficient Regression Model. Econometrica, 38(2), pp. 311-323.

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 33 - 50, 16.07.2021

İhsan Güzel

Abstract

References

  • Siddique, H. M. A., & Majeed, M. T. (2015). Energy consumption, economic growth, trade and financial development nexus in South Asia. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 9(2), 658-682.
  • Wrigley, E. A. (2010). Energy and the English industrial revolution. Cambridge University Press.
  • Kraft, J., & Kraft, A. (1978). On the relationship between energy and GNP. The Journal of Energy and Development, 401-403.
  • Shahbaz, M., Khan, S., & Tahir, M. I. (2013). The dynamic links between energy consumption, economic growth, financial development and trade in China: fresh evidence from multivariate framework analysis. Energy economics, 40, 8-21.
  • Lal, D. ve Rajapatirana, S. (1987). Foreign trade regimes and economic growth in developing countries. The World Bank Research Observer, 2(2), 189–217. doi:10.1093/wbro/2.2.189
  • Balassa, B. (1978). Exports and economic growth: Further evidence. Journal of Development Economics, 5(2), 181–189. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(78)90006-8.
  • Sancar, C., & Polat, M. A. (2015). Türkiye'de Ekonomik Büyüme, Enerji Tüketimi ve İthalat İlişkisi. Gümüşhane University Electronic Journal of the Institute of Social Science/Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 6(12).
  • Sadorsky, P. (2012). Energy consumption, output and trade in South America. Energy Economics, 34(2), 476-488.
  • Sebri, M., & Ben-Salha, O. (2014). On the causal dynamics between economic growth, renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions and trade openness: Fresh evidence from BRICS countries. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39, 14-23.
  • Yanar, R., & Kerimoğlu, G. (2011). Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Cari Açık İlişkisi. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 191-201.
  • Le, H. P. (2020). The energy-growth nexus revisited: the role of financial development, institutions, government expenditure and trade openness. Heliyon, 6(7), e04369.
  • Khan, S., Jam, F. A., Shahbaz, M., & Mamun, M. A. (2018). Electricity consumption, economic growth and trade openness in Kazakhstan: evidence from cointegration and causality. OPEC Energy Review, 42(3), 224-243.
  • Brini, R., Amara, M., & Jemmali, H. (2017). Renewable energy consumption, International trade, oil price and economic growth inter-linkages: The case of Tunisia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 76, 620-627.
  • Doğan, E. (2015). The relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption from renewable and non-renewable sources: A study of Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 534-546.
  • Doğan, B., & Değer, O. (2016). Enerji tüketimi, finansal gelişme ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Hindistan örneklemi. Journal of Yasar University, 11(44), 326-338.
  • Kasman, A., & Duman, Y. S. (2015). CO2 emissions, economic growth, energy consumption, trade and urbanization in new EU member and candidate countries: a panel data analysis. Economic modelling, 44, 97-103.
  • Zafar, M. W., Shahbaz, M., Hou, F., & Sinha, A. (2019). From nonrenewable to renewable energy and its impact on economic growth: The role of research & development expenditures in Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperati.on countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 212, 1166–1178. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.081.
  • Usman, M., Makhdum, M. S. A., & Kousar, R. (2020). Does financial inclusion, renewable and non-renewable energy utilization accelerate ecological footprints and economic growth? Fresh evidence from 15 highest emitting countries. Sustainable Cities and Society, 102590. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102590.
  • Nasreen, S., & Anwar, S. (2014). Causal relationship between trade openness, economic growth and energy consumption: A panel data analysis of Asian countries. Energy Policy, 69, 82–91. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2014.02.009.
  • Ciarreta, A., & Zarraga, A. (2010). Economic growth-electricity consumption causality in 12 European countries: A dynamic panel data approach. Energy Policy, 38(7), 3790-3796.
  • Sadorsky, P. (2011). Trade and energy consumption in the Middle East. Energy Economics, 33(5), 739-749.
  • Breusch, T.S. and Pagan, A.R., 1980. The Lagrange Multiplier Test and Its Applications to Model specification Tests in Econometrics. Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), pp. 239-253.
  • Pesaran, M.H., 2004. General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, p. 435.
  • Pesaran, M.H., Ullah, A., Yamagata, T., 2008. A bias-adjusted lm test of error cross-section independence. Econometrics Journal 11, pp. 105-127.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem and Yamagata, T., 2008. Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142 (1), pp. 50-93.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross‐section dependence. Journal of applied econometrics, 22(2), 265-312.
  • Westerlund, J., 2008. Panel Cointegration Tests of the Fisher Effect. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 23, pp. 193-223.
  • Pesaran, M.H., 2006. Estimation and Inference in Large Heterogeneous panels with a Multifactor Error Structure. Econometrica, 74, pp. 967-1012.
  • Swamy, P.A.V.B., 1970. Efficient Inference in a Random Coefficient Regression Model. Econometrica, 38(2), pp. 311-323.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İhsan Güzel 0000-0002-9525-6628

Publication Date July 16, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Güzel, İ. (2021). EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 33-50.
AMA Güzel İ. EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi. July 2021;13(1):33-50.
Chicago Güzel, İhsan. “EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ”. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi 13, no. 1 (July 2021): 33-50.
EndNote Güzel İ (July 1, 2021) EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi 13 1 33–50.
IEEE İ. Güzel, “EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ”, Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 33–50, 2021.
ISNAD Güzel, İhsan. “EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ”. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi 13/1 (July 2021), 33-50.
JAMA Güzel İ. EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;13:33–50.
MLA Güzel, İhsan. “EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ”. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 1, 2021, pp. 33-50.
Vancouver Güzel İ. EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ İÇİN EKONOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;13(1):33-50.
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