Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 61 - 67

Ertuğrul Çelik

Abstract

References

  • [1] Çiğdem, M., 2006. Manufacturing Methods, Çağlayan Publishing House, Istanbul, pp. 161-207.
  • [2] Kırık I., Ozdemir N., Sarsılmaz F., 2012. Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Friction Welded AISI 2205/AISI 1040 Steel Joints. Materials Testing, 54: 683-687.
  • [3] Lucas W., 1971. Process Parameters and Friction Welds. Met. Cons. and British Welding Journal, 71: 293-297.
  • [4] Çalıgülü U., Orhan A., Gür A.K., 2007. The Effect of Environmental Speed on Microstructural Properties in AISI 420/AISI 1010 Steel Couples Joined by Friction Welding Method. Fırat University Journal of Science and Engineering, 19: 583-592.
  • [5] Kaluç E., 2004. Welding Technology Handbook. MMO Publications, Ankara, pp. 356-358.
  • [6] Islak, S., Houssain, H., Emin, N., Yazar, H., Danacı, H.C., & Koç, V., 2024. Microstructural, mechanical, and biocompatibility properties of Ti–Cu/B4C composites for biomedical applications. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 319, 129417.
  • [7] Abd-Elaziem, W., Darwish, M. A., Hamada, A., & Daoush, W. M., 2024. Titanium-Based alloys and composites for orthopedic implants applications: A comprehensive review. Materials & Design, 112850.
  • [8] Köse, C., & Karaca, E., 2017. Robotic Nd:YAG Fiber Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, Metals, Vol: 7, pp: 1-11.
  • [9] Kahraman, N., 2007. The Influence of Welding Parameters on the Joint Strength of Resistance Spot-Welded Titanium Sheets. Mater.Des., Vol: 28, pp: 420-427.
  • [10] Çalıgülü, U., 2016. The Weldability of Ti6Al4V Alloy Using Silver Interlayer via Diffusion Welding, Dicle University Engineering Journal, Vol: 7, pp: 577-586.
  • [11] Yıldız, A., Kaya, Y., & Kahraman, N., 2016. Joint Properties and Microstructure of Diffusion-Bonded Grade 2 Titanium to AISI 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel Using Pure Ni Interlayer, Int J Adv Manuf Technol., Vol: 86, pp: 1287-1298.
  • [12] Dikbaş, H., & Katı, N., 2015. The Investigations of the Weldability of Ti6Al4V Alloy at 1800W Welding Power in PTA Welding, Dicle University Faculty of Engineering, Engineering Journal, Vol: 6, pp: 19-30.
  • [13] Smith, J., 2022. Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steels. Journal of Material Science, 58(3), 789-803.
  • [14] Jones, M., Williams, A., & Chen, L., 2021. High-Temperature Performance of Stainless Steels: An Overview. Materials Performance, 60(7), 112-123.
  • [15] Brown, T., & Taylor, R., 2020. The Versatility of 304 Stainless Steel in Various Industrial Applications. Engineering Materials, 47(5), 45-56.
  • [16] Ünal, E., 2003. Investigating the Fatigue Strength of Friction Welded AISI 4340 Steel and Stainless Steels, F.Ü. Graduate Thesis, Elazığ.
  • [17] Ting, W. A. N. G., Zhang, B. G., Chen, G. Q., Feng, J. C., & Qi, T. A. N. G., 2010. Electron Beam Welding of Ti-15-3 Titanium Alloy to 304 Stainless Steel with Copper Interlayer Sheet. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 20(10), 1829-1834.
  • [18] Turner, R., Gebelin, J.C., Ward, R.M., Reed, R.C., 2011. Linear Friction Welding of Ti–6Al–4V: Modeling and Validation. Acta Materialia, 59, pp: 3792–3803.
  • [19] Kumar, M.V., Balasubramanian, V., 2013. Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Friction Welded SUS 304HCu Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 113, pp: 25-31.
  • [20] Çelik, E., Tunç, B., 2024. The Role of Cu and Ni Interlayers in the Friction Welding of Ti6Al4V-Inconel 600 Materials. Munzur 6th International Applied Sciences Congress, Tunceli, pp: 226-236.
  • [21] Çelik, E., Tunç, B., 2024. Effect of Different Interlayers (Cu, Ni, and MX-1480) on the Friction Welding of Ti6Al4V Alloy and AISI 316 Steel. Al Farabi 12th International Scientific Research and Innovation Congress, Kazakhstan, pp: 664-675.
  • [22] Batı, S., Kılıç, M., Kırık, İ. 2016. Friction Welding of Dissimilar AISI 304 And AISI 8640 Steels. European Journal of Technic, Vol: 6, pp: 79-86.

The Investigation of the Weldability of Ti6Al4V Alloy with Different Stainless Steel Series Using Copper Interlayer via Friction Welding

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 61 - 67

Ertuğrul Çelik

Abstract

Friction welding is a solid-state welding method used for joining metals with different properties, providing minimal thermal deformation in welded joints. Based on this advantageous feature of friction welding, this study investigates the weldability of Ti6Al4V alloy with 316L, 316Ti, 310, 430, and 304 series stainless steels using a Cu powder interlayer. Following the experimental procedures, the microstructures of the materials were analyzed using SEM-EDX, their macrostructures were visually inspected for physical changes, microhardness measurements were taken, and tensile tests were performed. It was observed that the Cu powder interlayer significantly influenced the reactions and bonding between the materials, playing a crucial role in both microstructure and mechanical properties. In this study, successful joining results were achieved using the friction welding method, and the microstructural characteristics and mechanical performance of the welded joints were thoroughly evaluated. Upon examining the microhardness results, no significant variations in hardness values were observed on the Ti6Al4V side.

Keywords

friction welding Stainless steel Ti6Al4V alloy Copper interlayer

References

  • [1] Çiğdem, M., 2006. Manufacturing Methods, Çağlayan Publishing House, Istanbul, pp. 161-207.
  • [2] Kırık I., Ozdemir N., Sarsılmaz F., 2012. Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Friction Welded AISI 2205/AISI 1040 Steel Joints. Materials Testing, 54: 683-687.
  • [3] Lucas W., 1971. Process Parameters and Friction Welds. Met. Cons. and British Welding Journal, 71: 293-297.
  • [4] Çalıgülü U., Orhan A., Gür A.K., 2007. The Effect of Environmental Speed on Microstructural Properties in AISI 420/AISI 1010 Steel Couples Joined by Friction Welding Method. Fırat University Journal of Science and Engineering, 19: 583-592.
  • [5] Kaluç E., 2004. Welding Technology Handbook. MMO Publications, Ankara, pp. 356-358.
  • [6] Islak, S., Houssain, H., Emin, N., Yazar, H., Danacı, H.C., & Koç, V., 2024. Microstructural, mechanical, and biocompatibility properties of Ti–Cu/B4C composites for biomedical applications. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 319, 129417.
  • [7] Abd-Elaziem, W., Darwish, M. A., Hamada, A., & Daoush, W. M., 2024. Titanium-Based alloys and composites for orthopedic implants applications: A comprehensive review. Materials & Design, 112850.
  • [8] Köse, C., & Karaca, E., 2017. Robotic Nd:YAG Fiber Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, Metals, Vol: 7, pp: 1-11.
  • [9] Kahraman, N., 2007. The Influence of Welding Parameters on the Joint Strength of Resistance Spot-Welded Titanium Sheets. Mater.Des., Vol: 28, pp: 420-427.
  • [10] Çalıgülü, U., 2016. The Weldability of Ti6Al4V Alloy Using Silver Interlayer via Diffusion Welding, Dicle University Engineering Journal, Vol: 7, pp: 577-586.
  • [11] Yıldız, A., Kaya, Y., & Kahraman, N., 2016. Joint Properties and Microstructure of Diffusion-Bonded Grade 2 Titanium to AISI 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel Using Pure Ni Interlayer, Int J Adv Manuf Technol., Vol: 86, pp: 1287-1298.
  • [12] Dikbaş, H., & Katı, N., 2015. The Investigations of the Weldability of Ti6Al4V Alloy at 1800W Welding Power in PTA Welding, Dicle University Faculty of Engineering, Engineering Journal, Vol: 6, pp: 19-30.
  • [13] Smith, J., 2022. Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steels. Journal of Material Science, 58(3), 789-803.
  • [14] Jones, M., Williams, A., & Chen, L., 2021. High-Temperature Performance of Stainless Steels: An Overview. Materials Performance, 60(7), 112-123.
  • [15] Brown, T., & Taylor, R., 2020. The Versatility of 304 Stainless Steel in Various Industrial Applications. Engineering Materials, 47(5), 45-56.
  • [16] Ünal, E., 2003. Investigating the Fatigue Strength of Friction Welded AISI 4340 Steel and Stainless Steels, F.Ü. Graduate Thesis, Elazığ.
  • [17] Ting, W. A. N. G., Zhang, B. G., Chen, G. Q., Feng, J. C., & Qi, T. A. N. G., 2010. Electron Beam Welding of Ti-15-3 Titanium Alloy to 304 Stainless Steel with Copper Interlayer Sheet. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 20(10), 1829-1834.
  • [18] Turner, R., Gebelin, J.C., Ward, R.M., Reed, R.C., 2011. Linear Friction Welding of Ti–6Al–4V: Modeling and Validation. Acta Materialia, 59, pp: 3792–3803.
  • [19] Kumar, M.V., Balasubramanian, V., 2013. Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Friction Welded SUS 304HCu Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 113, pp: 25-31.
  • [20] Çelik, E., Tunç, B., 2024. The Role of Cu and Ni Interlayers in the Friction Welding of Ti6Al4V-Inconel 600 Materials. Munzur 6th International Applied Sciences Congress, Tunceli, pp: 226-236.
  • [21] Çelik, E., Tunç, B., 2024. Effect of Different Interlayers (Cu, Ni, and MX-1480) on the Friction Welding of Ti6Al4V Alloy and AISI 316 Steel. Al Farabi 12th International Scientific Research and Innovation Congress, Kazakhstan, pp: 664-675.
  • [22] Batı, S., Kılıç, M., Kırık, İ. 2016. Friction Welding of Dissimilar AISI 304 And AISI 8640 Steels. European Journal of Technic, Vol: 6, pp: 79-86.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Materials Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ertuğrul Çelik 0000-0001-7104-8288

Early Pub Date July 1, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date October 17, 2024
Acceptance Date April 9, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çelik, E. (2025). The Investigation of the Weldability of Ti6Al4V Alloy with Different Stainless Steel Series Using Copper Interlayer via Friction Welding. European Journal of Technique (EJT), 15(1), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1567815
 Download Cover Image

All articles published by EJT are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work provided the original work and source is appropriately cited.Creative Commons Lisansı