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Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil and Punicic Acid on Alzheimer’s Disease

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 107 - 120, 30.04.2025

Zehra Şen , Havvanur Yoldaş İlktaç

https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1552078

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease and is one of the most common forms of senile dementia observed in the elderly population. It is estimated that the number of individuals affected by Alzheimer's disease will reach 115.4 million by 2050. It is imperative that novel and alternative methods be developed to prevent and slow the onset of Alzheimer's disease, as well as to alleviate the symptoms that manifest subsequent to its onset. Given the pivotal role of oxidative damage and inflammation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, there is a growing interest in phytochemicals with high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as potential therapeutic agents for halting disease progression. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of pomegranate seeds and punisic acid (the omega-5 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid, the main component of pomegranate seeds) are hypothesised to be an effective method of reducing the occurrence and symptoms of Alzheimer's and neurodegenerative diseases. This review examines the impact of pomegranate seed oil and punisic acid on Alzheimer's disease.

Keywords

Alzheimer anti-inflammatory neuroprotective pomegranate seed oil punicic acid

References

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Nar Çekirdeği Yağı ve Punisik Asidin Alzheimer Hastalığına Etkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 107 - 120, 30.04.2025

Zehra Şen , Havvanur Yoldaş İlktaç

https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1552078

Abstract

Alzheimer hastalığı nörodejeneratif bir hastalıktır ve yaşlı nüfus ile birlikte en sık görülen senil demans vakalarından biridir. Yapılan çalışmalar Alzheimer hastası olan bireylerin sayısının 2050 yılına kadar 115,4 milyon olacağını öngörmektedir. Alzheimer hastalığının oluşumunu önlemek, yavaşlatmak ve oluşumundan sonraki semptomları hafifletmek için yeni ve alternatif yöntemlere ihtiyaç vardır. Alzheimer hastalığı gelişiminde, oksidatif hasar ve inflamasyonun anahtar rolü olduğundan, yüksek anti-oksidatif ve anti-inflamatuar özelliklere sahip fitokimyasallar, hastalığın ilerlemesinin durdurulmasına yardımcı olmak için araştırılmaktadır. Nar çekirdeği ve içeriğindeki ana bileşen olan konjuge linoleik asidin omega-5 izomeri punisik asidin anti-inflamatuar, antioksidan ve nöroprotektif özellikleri Alzheimer ve nörodejeneratif hastalıkların oluşumunda ve semptomların azaltılmasında etkili bir yol olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemede nar çekirdeği yağı ve punisik asidin Alzheimer hastalığı üzerine etkileri ele alınmaktadır.

Keywords

Alzheimer hastalığı anti-inflamatuar nar çekirdeği yağı nöroprotektif punisik asit

References

  • Adu‐Frimpong, M., Omari‐Siaw, E., Mukhtar, Y. M., Xu, X., & Yu, J. (2018). Formulation of pomegranate seed oil: a promising approach of improving stability and health‐promoting properties. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 120(12), 1800177. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201800177
  • Ahmad, F., Das, D., Kommaddi, R. P., Diwakar, L., Gowaikar, R., Rupanagudi, K. V., ... & Ravindranath, V. (2018). Isoform-specific hyperactivation of calpain-2 occurs presymptomatically at the synapse in Alzheimer’s disease mice and correlates with memory deficits in human subjects. Scientific reports, 8(1), 13119. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31073-6
  • Akbar, M., Song, B. J., Essa, M. M., & Khan, M. A. (2015). Pomegranate: an ideal fruit for human health. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases, 5(4), 141-143. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0738.167506
  • Al-Sabahi, B. N., Fatope, M. O., Essa, M. M., Subash, S., Al-Busafi, S. N., Al-Kusaibi, F. S., & Manivasagam, T. (2017). Pomegranate seed oil: Effect on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and elucidation of unsaturated fatty acids composition. Nutritional neuroscience, 20(1), 40-48. https://doi.org/10.1179/1476830514Y.0000000155
  • Anusree, S. S., Sindhu, G., Rani, M. P., & Raghu, K. G. (2018). Insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by TNF-α is improved by punicic acid through upregulation of insulin signalling pathway and endocrine function, and downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Biochimie, 146, 79-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.014
  • Aruna, P., Venkataramanamma, D., Singh, A. K., & Singh, R. P. (2016). Health benefits of punicic acid: a review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 15(1), 16-27. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12171 Bedel, H. A., Turgut, N. T., Kurtoglu, A. U., Usta, C. (2017). Effects of the Nutraceutical, Punicic Acid. Indian Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 79(3), 328-334. https://www.ijpsonline.com/articles/effects-of-nutraceutical-punicic-acid-3332.html
  • Binyamin, O., Nitzan, K., Frid, K., Ungar, Y., Rosenmann, H., & Gabizon, R. (2019). Brain targeting of 9c, 11t-Conjugated Linoleic Acid, a natural calpain inhibitor, preserves memory and reduces Aβ and P25 accumulation in 5XFAD mice. Scientific reports, 9(1), 18437. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54971-9
  • Boroushaki, M. T., Mollazadeh, H., & Afshari, A. R. (2016). Pomegranate seed oil: A comprehensive review on its therapeutic effects. Int J Pharm Sci Res, 7(2), 430. https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(2).430-42
  • Bougarne, N., Weyers, B., Desmet, S. J., Deckers, J., Ray, D. W., Staels, B., & De Bosscher, K. (2018). Molecular actions of PPAR α in lipid metabolism and inflammation. Endocrine reviews, 39(5), 760-802. https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2018-00064
  • Caligiani, A., Bonzanini, F., Palla, G., Cirlini, M., & Bruni, R. (2010). Characterization of a potential nutraceutical ingredient: pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed oil unsaponifiable fraction. Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 65(3), 277–283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-010-0173-5.
  • Calvano, C. D., Losito, I., & Cataldi, T. (2021). Editorial to the Special Issue “Lipidomics and Neurodegenerative Diseases”. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(3), 1270. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031270
  • Chatzikostopoulos, T., Gialaouzidis, M., Koutoupa, A., & Tsolaki, M. (2024). The Effects of Pomegranate Seed Oil on Mild Cognitive Impairment. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 97(4),1961-1970. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-231100
  • Chen, H. H., Liu, P., Auger, P., Lee, S. H., Adolfsson, O., Rey-Bellet, L., ... & van der Brug, M. P. (2018). Calpain-mediated tau fragmentation is altered in Alzheimer’s disease progression. Scientific reports, 8(1), 16725. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35130-y
  • Ciccone, L., Nencetti, S., Rossello, A., & Orlandini, E. (2023). Pomegranate: A Source of Multifunctional Bioactive Compounds Potentially Beneficial in Alzheimer’s Disease. Pharmaceuticals, 16(7), 1036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16071036
  • Dumurgier, J., & Tzourio, C. (2020). Epidemiology of neurological diseases in older adults. Revue neurologique, 176(9), 642–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2020.01.356
  • Emami Kazemabad, M. J., Asgari Toni, S., Tizro, N., Dadkhah, P. A., Amani, H., Akhavan Rezayat, S., ... & Deravi, N. (2022). Pharmacotherapeutic potential of pomegranate in age-related neurological disorders. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 14, 955735. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.955735
  • Fayaz, G., Goli, S. A. H., Kadivar, M., Valoppi, F., Barba, L., Balducci, C., ... & Nicoli, M. C. (2017). Pomegranate seed oil organogels structured by propolis wax, beeswax, and their mixture. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 119(10), 1700032. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201700032
  • Frid, K., Binyamin, O., Usman, A., & Gabizon, R. (2020). Delay of gCJD aggravation in sick TgMHu2ME199K mice by combining NPC transplantation and Nano-PSO administration. Neurobiology of Aging, 95, 231-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.030
  • George, N., AbuKhader, M., Al Balushi, K., Al Sabahi, B., & Khan, S. A. (2023). An insight into the neuroprotective effects and molecular targets of pomegranate (Punica granatum) against Alzheimer’s disease. Nutritional Neuroscience, 26(10), 975-996. https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2022.2121092
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Nutrition and Dietetics (Other)
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Zehra Şen 0009-0004-3571-0595

Havvanur Yoldaş İlktaç 0000-0002-7433-6370

Publication Date April 30, 2025
Submission Date September 18, 2024
Acceptance Date March 14, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Şen, Z., & Yoldaş İlktaç, H. (2025). Effect of Pomegranate Seed Oil and Punicic Acid on Alzheimer’s Disease. Fenerbahçe University Journal of Health Sciences, 5(1), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1552078
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