The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons

Ozgur Erdem

doi:10.22391/fppc.398323

Research Article

The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 20.04.2018

Ozgur Erdem

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.398323

Cited By: 15

Abstract

Introduction: The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Ramadan
fasting on human psychology among healthy volunteer people.

Methods: In this cross-sectional type study, the universe of the research is
composed of healthy volunteer people who registered at the Kayapınar Peyas
family health centre in Diyarbakır and declared they planned to fast at the
month of Ramadan in 2017. A questionnaire form including a sociodemographic
questionnaire and Turkish version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale
(DASS-42) was formed. The online questionnaire technique was used to obtain the
data via e-mail and smartphone. The study was conducted during the summer of
2017. The survey conducted to the same healthy volunteer group one weak before
Ramadan (May 22-26) and at the end of Ramadan (June 21-25). SPSS 21.0
statistical package was used in the data analysis. The statistical analyses
were considered significant if p<0.05.

Results: 73 healthy volunteer subjects with no known health problems and who
were not in the risk groups in terms of mental and physical health were
included in the statistical evaluation. According to the DASS score, when the
pre-Ramadan scores of the samples were compared to the post-Ramadan scores;
depression (p=0.001), anxiety (p=0.01) and stress (p =0.002) scores were found
to be lower at the end of Ramadan. When compared to the pre-Ramadan scores of
the samples and the post-Ramadan scores; anxiety (p< 0.05) prevalence was
found to be lower at the end of Ramadan.

Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated that fasting in the
month of Ramadan have been effective in diminishing stress, anxiety, and
depression levels.

Keywords

Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Ramadan fasting, Psychology

References

1. Sadock BJ, Kaplan HI, Sadock VA. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007. Kaplan and Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry.
2. Ellison CG, Boardman JD, Williams DR, et al. Religious involvement, stress, and mental health: Findings from the 1995 Detroit Area Study. Soc Forces 2001; 80:215-49. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2001.0063
3. Agardh A, Emmelin M, Muriisa R et al. Social capital and sexual behavior among Ugandan university students. Glob Health Action 2010; 3:1-13. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v3i0.5432
4. Myer L, Stein DJ, Grimsrud A, et al. Social determinants of psychological distress in a nationally-representative sample of South African adults. Soc Sci Med 2008; 66:1828-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.01.025
5. Azizi F. Islamic fasting and health. Annals of nutrition and metabolism 2010; 56(4):273-82. https://doi.org/10.1159/000295848
6. Wilson MH. The relationship between religiosity and quality of life in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators East Carolina University, Dissertation. 2010. http://thescholarship.ecu.edu/bitstream/handle/10342/3193/Wilson_ecu_0600D_10294.pdf. Accessed: 01.01.2018.
7. Rajaei AR. Religious cognitive-emotional therapy: A new form of psychotherapy. Iran J Psychiatry 2010; 5:81-7. PMCID: PMC3430504.
8. Nursi S. The letters. The twenty ninth letter second section, which is the Second Treatise. On the Month of Ramadan. http://www.erisale.com/index.jsp?locale=tr#content.tr.2.566 Accessed: 01.01.2018.
9. Ünalacak M, Kara IH, Baltaci D, et al. Effects of Ramadan fasting on biochemical and hematological parameters and cytokines in healthy and obese individuals. Metabolic syndrome and related disorders 2011; 9(2):157-61. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2010.0084
10. Farooq A, Herrera CP, Almudahka F, et al. A prospective study of the physiological and neurobehavioral effects of Ramadan fasting in preteen and teenage boys. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2015; 115(6):889-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2015.02.012
11. Sadiya A, Ahmed S, Siddieg HH, et al. Effect of Ramadan fasting on metabolic markers, body composition, and dietary intake in Emiratis of Ajman (UAE) with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy 2011; 4:409-16. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.2147%2FDMSO.S24221
12. Bakhit AA, Kurdi AM, Wadera JJ, et al. Effects of Ramadan fasting on moderate to severe chronic kidney disease: A prospective observational study. Saudi Medical Journal 2017; 38(1):48-52. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.15537%2Fsmj.2017.1.17566
13. Najafabadi MG, Nikoukar LR, Memari A et al. Does Ramadan fasting adversely affect cognitive function in young females? Scientifica 2015; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/432428
14. Farooqa S, Nazara Z, Akhtera J, et al. Effect of fasting during Ramadan on serum lithium level and mental state in bipolar affective disorder. International Clinical Psychopharmacology 2010; 25:323-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/YIC.0b013e32833d18b2.
15. Lauche R, Fathi I, Saddat C, at al. The effects of Ramadan fasting on physical and mental health in healthy adult Muslims-Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Advances in Integrative Medicine 2016; 3(1):26-30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aimed.2016.07.001
16. Fond G, Macgregor A, Leboye M, et al. Fasting in mood disorders: neurobiology and effectiveness. A review of the literature. Psychiatry research 2013; 209(3):253-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.12.018
17. Michalsen A. Prolonged fasting as a method of mood enhancement in chronic pain syndromes: a review of clinical evidence and mechanisms. Curr. Pain Headache Rep 2010; 14:80–7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-010-0104-z
18. BaHammam AS, Almushailhi K, Pandi‐Perumal SR, et al. Intermittent fasting during Ramadan: does it affect sleep?. Journal of sleep research 2014; 23(1):35-43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12076
19. Kadri N, Tilane A, El Batal M, et al. Irritability during the month of Ramadan. Psychosomatic Medicine 2000; 62(2):280–5.
20. Bilgel N, Bayram N. Turkish version of the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-42): Psychometric properties. Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2010; 47:118-26. doi: https://doi.org/10.4274/npa.5344
21. Kul S, Savas E, Ozturk ZA, et al. Does Ramadan fasting alter body weight and blood lipids and fasting blood glucose in a healthy population? A meta-analysis. J Relig Health 2014; 53(3):929–42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-013-9687-0
22. Chamari K, Briki W, Farooq A, et al. Impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting on cognitive function in trained cyclists: a pilot study. Biology of sport 2016; 33(1):49. doi: https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1185888
23. Tian HH, Aziz AR, Png W, et al. Effects of fasting during Ramadan month on cognitive function in Muslim athletes. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2011; 2(3):145-53. PMCID: PMC3289210
24. Chtourou H, Hammouda O, Souissi H, et al. The effect of Ramadan fasting on physical performances, mood state and perceived exertion in young footballers. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2011; 2(3):177. PMCID: PMC3289213
25. Kadri N, Mouchtaq N, Hakkou F, et al. Relapses in bipolar patients: changes in social rhythm?. The The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 2000; 3(1):45-9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145799001704
26. Koushali AN, Hajiamini Z, Ebadi A, et al. Effect of Ramadan fasting on emotional reactions in nurses. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research 2013; 18(3):232. PMCID: PMC3748544
27. Nugraha B, Ghashang SK, Hamdan I, et al. Effect of Ramadan fasting on fatigue, mood, sleepiness, and health-related quality of life of healthy young men in summer time in Germany: A prospective controlled study. Appetite 2017; 111:38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.12.030

Ramazan orucunun sağlıklı gönüllü kişilerin ruh hali üzerine etkisinin araştırılması

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 20.04.2018

Ozgur Erdem

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.398323

Cited By: 15

Abstract

Giriş: Bu
çalışma Ramazan orucunun insan psikolojisi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak
amacıyla gönüllü kişiler arasında yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmada, araştırmanın evrenini Diyarbakır
Kayapınar Peyas aile sağlığı merkezinde kayıtlı olan ve 2017 yılı Ramazan
ayında oruç tutmayı planladığını beyan eden sağlıklı gönüllüler oluşturdu.
Sosyodemografik verileri ve depresyon anksiyete stres skalasının (DASS-42)
Tükçe versiyonunu içeren bir anket formu hazırlandı. Verilerin elde edilmesinde
e-mail ve akıllı telefon aracılığı ile online anket tekniği kullanıldı. Anket
2017 yılı yazında Ramazan ayından bir hafta önce (22-26 Mayıs) ve Ramazanın en son haftasında (21-25 Haziran)
aynı sağlıklı gönüllü gruba uygulandı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 21,0
istatistiksel paket program kullanıldı. p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Bilinen herhangi bir sağlık problemi olmayan, ruh ve beden sağlığı
açısından risk grubunda olmayan 73 sağlıklı ve gönüllü birey istatistiksel
değerlendirmeye dahil edildi. DASS puanlarına göre depresyon, anksiyete ve
stres düzeyi; Ramazan orucu öncesi ve Ramazan orucunun sonunda alınan toplam
puanlar karşılaştırıldığında depresyon (p=0,001), anksiyete (p=0,01) ve stres (p=0,002) puanları Ramazan orucunun sonunda, Ramazan
orucu öncesine göre düşük olarak bulundu. DAS skalasına göre Ramazanın sonunda
anksiyete (p<0,05) sıklığı Ramazan öncesine göre düşük bulundu.

Sonuç: Mevcut
çalışma sonuçları, Ramazan ayında oruç tutmanın, stres, kaygı ve depresyon
düzeylerini azaltmada etkili olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

Depresyon, Anksiyete, Stres, Ramazan orucu, Psikoloji

References

1. Sadock BJ, Kaplan HI, Sadock VA. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007. Kaplan and Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry.
2. Ellison CG, Boardman JD, Williams DR, et al. Religious involvement, stress, and mental health: Findings from the 1995 Detroit Area Study. Soc Forces 2001; 80:215-49. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2001.0063
3. Agardh A, Emmelin M, Muriisa R et al. Social capital and sexual behavior among Ugandan university students. Glob Health Action 2010; 3:1-13. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v3i0.5432
4. Myer L, Stein DJ, Grimsrud A, et al. Social determinants of psychological distress in a nationally-representative sample of South African adults. Soc Sci Med 2008; 66:1828-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.01.025
5. Azizi F. Islamic fasting and health. Annals of nutrition and metabolism 2010; 56(4):273-82. https://doi.org/10.1159/000295848
6. Wilson MH. The relationship between religiosity and quality of life in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators East Carolina University, Dissertation. 2010. http://thescholarship.ecu.edu/bitstream/handle/10342/3193/Wilson_ecu_0600D_10294.pdf. Accessed: 01.01.2018.
7. Rajaei AR. Religious cognitive-emotional therapy: A new form of psychotherapy. Iran J Psychiatry 2010; 5:81-7. PMCID: PMC3430504.
8. Nursi S. The letters. The twenty ninth letter second section, which is the Second Treatise. On the Month of Ramadan. http://www.erisale.com/index.jsp?locale=tr#content.tr.2.566 Accessed: 01.01.2018.
9. Ünalacak M, Kara IH, Baltaci D, et al. Effects of Ramadan fasting on biochemical and hematological parameters and cytokines in healthy and obese individuals. Metabolic syndrome and related disorders 2011; 9(2):157-61. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2010.0084
10. Farooq A, Herrera CP, Almudahka F, et al. A prospective study of the physiological and neurobehavioral effects of Ramadan fasting in preteen and teenage boys. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2015; 115(6):889-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2015.02.012
11. Sadiya A, Ahmed S, Siddieg HH, et al. Effect of Ramadan fasting on metabolic markers, body composition, and dietary intake in Emiratis of Ajman (UAE) with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy 2011; 4:409-16. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.2147%2FDMSO.S24221
12. Bakhit AA, Kurdi AM, Wadera JJ, et al. Effects of Ramadan fasting on moderate to severe chronic kidney disease: A prospective observational study. Saudi Medical Journal 2017; 38(1):48-52. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.15537%2Fsmj.2017.1.17566
13. Najafabadi MG, Nikoukar LR, Memari A et al. Does Ramadan fasting adversely affect cognitive function in young females? Scientifica 2015; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/432428
14. Farooqa S, Nazara Z, Akhtera J, et al. Effect of fasting during Ramadan on serum lithium level and mental state in bipolar affective disorder. International Clinical Psychopharmacology 2010; 25:323-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/YIC.0b013e32833d18b2.
15. Lauche R, Fathi I, Saddat C, at al. The effects of Ramadan fasting on physical and mental health in healthy adult Muslims-Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Advances in Integrative Medicine 2016; 3(1):26-30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aimed.2016.07.001
16. Fond G, Macgregor A, Leboye M, et al. Fasting in mood disorders: neurobiology and effectiveness. A review of the literature. Psychiatry research 2013; 209(3):253-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.12.018
17. Michalsen A. Prolonged fasting as a method of mood enhancement in chronic pain syndromes: a review of clinical evidence and mechanisms. Curr. Pain Headache Rep 2010; 14:80–7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-010-0104-z
18. BaHammam AS, Almushailhi K, Pandi‐Perumal SR, et al. Intermittent fasting during Ramadan: does it affect sleep?. Journal of sleep research 2014; 23(1):35-43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12076
19. Kadri N, Tilane A, El Batal M, et al. Irritability during the month of Ramadan. Psychosomatic Medicine 2000; 62(2):280–5.
20. Bilgel N, Bayram N. Turkish version of the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-42): Psychometric properties. Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2010; 47:118-26. doi: https://doi.org/10.4274/npa.5344
21. Kul S, Savas E, Ozturk ZA, et al. Does Ramadan fasting alter body weight and blood lipids and fasting blood glucose in a healthy population? A meta-analysis. J Relig Health 2014; 53(3):929–42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-013-9687-0
22. Chamari K, Briki W, Farooq A, et al. Impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting on cognitive function in trained cyclists: a pilot study. Biology of sport 2016; 33(1):49. doi: https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1185888
23. Tian HH, Aziz AR, Png W, et al. Effects of fasting during Ramadan month on cognitive function in Muslim athletes. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2011; 2(3):145-53. PMCID: PMC3289210
24. Chtourou H, Hammouda O, Souissi H, et al. The effect of Ramadan fasting on physical performances, mood state and perceived exertion in young footballers. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2011; 2(3):177. PMCID: PMC3289213
25. Kadri N, Mouchtaq N, Hakkou F, et al. Relapses in bipolar patients: changes in social rhythm?. The The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 2000; 3(1):45-9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145799001704
26. Koushali AN, Hajiamini Z, Ebadi A, et al. Effect of Ramadan fasting on emotional reactions in nurses. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research 2013; 18(3):232. PMCID: PMC3748544
27. Nugraha B, Ghashang SK, Hamdan I, et al. Effect of Ramadan fasting on fatigue, mood, sleepiness, and health-related quality of life of healthy young men in summer time in Germany: A prospective controlled study. Appetite 2017; 111:38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.12.030

There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Original Research
Authors	Ozgur Erdem 0000-0002-6377-4631
Publication Date	April 20, 2018
Submission Date	February 24, 2018
Acceptance Date	March 29, 2018
Published in Issue	Year 2018 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Erdem, O. (2018). The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 3(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.398323
AMA	Erdem O. The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons. Fam Pract Palliat Care. April 2018;3(1):1-6. doi:10.22391/fppc.398323
Chicago	Erdem, Ozgur. “The Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting on the Mood State of Healthy Volunteer Persons”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 3, no. 1 (April 2018): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.398323.
EndNote	Erdem O (April 1, 2018) The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons. Family Practice and Palliative Care 3 1 1–6.
IEEE	O. Erdem, “The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons”, Fam Pract Palliat Care, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2018, doi: 10.22391/fppc.398323.
ISNAD	Erdem, Ozgur. “The Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting on the Mood State of Healthy Volunteer Persons”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 3/1 (April 2018), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.398323.
JAMA	Erdem O. The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2018;3:1–6.
MLA	Erdem, Ozgur. “The Investigation of the Effects of Ramadan Fasting on the Mood State of Healthy Volunteer Persons”. Family Practice and Palliative Care, vol. 3, no. 1, 2018, pp. 1-6, doi:10.22391/fppc.398323.
Vancouver	Erdem O. The investigation of the effects of Ramadan fasting on the mood state of healthy volunteer persons. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2018;3(1):1-6.