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The factors associated with quality of life and depression score in adults aged 65 and over

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 81 - 88, 28.07.2023

Banu Bedir , Elif Okşan Çalıkoğlu , Sinan Yılmaz , Zahide Koşan , Serhat Vançelik

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1165145

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of elderly population with the improvement of living conditions and the acquisition of healthy life behaviors in Türkiye. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the quality of life of the elderly and the affecting factors.

Methods: Our study is planned with a descriptive and cross-sectional design. Quality of life of the participants was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Old module (WHOQOL-OLD), whereas depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale.

Results: Their mean total score on the WHOQOL-OLD module was 56.64 ± 15.57. The total quality of life score was found to be significantly lower among females, elderly, illiterate and those who lacked a regular monthly income, who perceived their health status to be worse than that in the previous year, who considered themselves very old and who suffered from chronic diseases (p ˂ 0.001). The mean score of the participants on the Geriatric Depression Scale was 14.59±5.27, whereas the frequency of depression was 56.5%. There was a negative and significant relationship between depression and quality of life scores (p˂0.001, r=0.658).

Conclusion: In our study, the indicators, dimensions, and measurement of quality of life and levels of depression in old age are presented. Additionally, factors influencing the perceptions of aging among the elderly and the individual perspective on aging, as well as their associations with depression, are discussed.

Keywords: Elderly, Aging, Quality of life, Depression, Perception of aging, Geriatric Depression Scale

Keywords

elderly aging quality of life depression Perception of aging Geriatric Depression Scale

References

  • 1. The Ministry of Health of Turkey. Turkey Healthy Aging Action Plan and Implementation Program 2015-2020. Available at: https://ekutuphane.saglik.gov.tr/Yayin/508. (Access Date: April 4, 2022)
  • 2. TurkStat, Statistics by the Aged 2021. Available at: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636 (Access Date: March 27, 2022)
  • 3. World Health Organization. The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): Position paper from the World Health Organization. Social Science and Medicine 1995;41(10):1403–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K
  • 4. Ozen EN. Depression. 1st ed. Current manual of geriatrics. Istanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstore; 2017.
  • 5. Eser S, Saatli G, Eser E, Baydur H, Fidaner C. [The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-Old)] (in Turkish). Turk J Psychiatry 2010;21(1):37-48.
  • 6. Ertan T, Eker E, Sar V. [The validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale in Turkish population] (in Turkish). Arch of Neuropsychiatry 1997;34(2):62-71.
  • 7. Aydin S, Karaoglu L. [The quality of life and the influencing factors among the population over 65 living in Gaziantep city center] (in Turkish). Turk J Geriatrics 2012;15(4):424-33.
  • 8. Halvorsrud L, Kalfoss M, Diseth A. Reliability and validity of the Norwegian WHOQOL‐OLD module. Scand J Caring Sci 2008;22(2):292-305. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.0523.x
  • 9. Varela FRA, Ciconelli RM, Campolina AG, Soarez PC. Quality of life evaluation of frail elderly in Campinas, São Paulo. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 2015;61(5):423-30. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.61.05.423
  • 10. Ozyurt BC, Eser E, Coban G, Akdemir SN. [The evaluation of influencing factors of “Quality of Life” in the elderly in Muradiye district, Manisa] (in Turkish) Turk J Geriatrics. 2007;10(3):117-23.
  • 11. Dogan H, Canbaz S, Tander B, Peksen Y, Canturk F, Oruc N. [The prevalence of home injuries among elderly people in Samsun, Turkey, and the influencing factors] (in Turkish). Turk J Med Sci 2010;40(4):651-8.
  • 12. Conrad I, Matschinger H, Riedel-Heller S, Gottberg C. The psychometric properties of the German version of the WHOQOL-OLD in the German population aged 60 and older. Health Quality Life Outcomes 2014;12(1):105. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-014-0105-4
  • 13. Walters SJ, Munro JF, Brazier JE. Using the SF‐36 with older adults: a cross‐sectional community‐based survey. Age Ageing 2001;30(4):337-43. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/30.4.337
  • 14. Akyol Y, Durmus D, Dogan C, Bek Y, Canturk F. [Quality of life and level of depressive symptoms in the geriatric population] (in Turkish). Turk J Rheumatol 2016;25:165-73. https://doi.org/10.5152/tjr.2010.23
  • 15. Campos ACV, Ferreira EF, Vargas AMD, Albala C. Aging, Gender and Quality of Life (AGEQOL) study: factors associated with good quality of life in older Brazilian community-dwelling adults. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2014;12(1):166. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-014-0166-4
  • 16. Molzahn AE, Kalfoss M, Schick Makaroff K, Skevington SM. Comparing the importance of different aspects of quality of life to older adults across diverse cultures. Age Ageing 2010;40(2):192-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afq156
  • 17. Top M, Eris H, Kabalcioglu F. Quality of Life (QOL) and attitudes toward aging in older adults in Sanliurfa, Turkey. Res Aging 2013;35(5):533-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027512447822
  • 18. Low G, Molzahn AE. Predictors of Quality of Life in Old Age: a cross-validation study. Res Nurs Health 2007;30:141-50. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20178
  • 19. Chachamovich E, Fleck M, Laidlaw K, Power M. Impact of major depression and subsyndromal symptoms on quality of life and attitudes toward aging in an international sample of older adults. Gerontologist 2008;48(5):593-602. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/48.5.593
  • 20. Oliveira SES, Von Hohendorff J, Lima Muller J, Bandeira DR, Koller SH, Fleck MPA. Associations between self-perceived quality of life and socio-demographic, psychosocial, and health variables in a group of elderly. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2013;29(7):1437-48. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2013000700017
  • 21. Trentini CM, Chachamovich E, Wagner GP, Muller DH. Quality of life (QoL) in a Brazilian sample of older adults: the role of sociodemographic variables and depression symptoms. Applied Res Qual Life 2011;6(3):291-309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-010-9128-0
  • 22. Demir G, Unsal A, Arslan GG, Coban A. [Study of prevalence of depression among elders living at nursing home and house] (in Turkish). Gumushane Uni J Health Sci 2013;2(1):1-12.
  • 23. Dastan NB, Akkus Y. [Investigation of depression and cognitive functions in the elderly in Kars] (in Turkish). Turk J Geriatrics 2016;19(2):113-21.
  • 24. Bryła M, Burzyńska M, Maniecka-Bryła I. Self-rated quality of life of city-dwelling elderly people benefitting from social help: results of a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2013;11(1):181. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-11-181

65 yaş ve üzeri yaşlılarda yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon puanıyla ilişkili faktörler

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 81 - 88, 28.07.2023

Banu Bedir , Elif Okşan Çalıkoğlu , Sinan Yılmaz , Zahide Koşan , Serhat Vançelik

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1165145

Abstract

Giriş: Ülkemizde son yıllarda yaşam koşullarının iyileşmesi ve sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarının kazanılması ile yaşlı nüfus sayısında artış görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada yaşlıların yaşam kalitesi düzeyi ve etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikle planlanmıştır. Katılımcıların yaşam kaliteleri World Health Organisation Quality of Life-Old module (WHOQOL-OLD) ile, depresif belirtiler ise Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: WHOQOL-OLD modülündeki ortalama toplam puanları 56,64 ± 15,57 idi. Kadınlarda, yaşlılarda, okuma yazma bilmeyenlerde, aylık düzenli geliri olmayanlarda, sağlık durumlarını bir önceki yıla göre daha kötü algılayanlarda, kendini çok yaşlı olarak görenlerde ve sağlık sorunları yaşayanlarda toplam yaşam kalitesi puanı anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulundu (p ˂ 0,001). Katılımcıların Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği puan ortalaması 14,59±5,27 iken depresyon sıklığı %56,5'ti. Depresyon ve yaşam kalitesi puanları arasında negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (p˂0,001, r=0,658).

Sonuç: Çalışma alanında ikamet eden yaşlı popülasyonda yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler ve depresif belirtilere yönelik koruyucu, tedavi edici ve rehabilite edici hizmetlerin artırılmasına ihtiyaç olduğu ifade edilebilir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Yaşlı, Yaşlanma, Yaşam kalitesi, Depresyon, Yaşlılık algısı, Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeği

Keywords

yaşlı yaşlanma yaşam kalitesi depresyon yaşlılık algısı Geriatric Depresyon Ölçeği

References

  • 1. The Ministry of Health of Turkey. Turkey Healthy Aging Action Plan and Implementation Program 2015-2020. Available at: https://ekutuphane.saglik.gov.tr/Yayin/508. (Access Date: April 4, 2022)
  • 2. TurkStat, Statistics by the Aged 2021. Available at: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636 (Access Date: March 27, 2022)
  • 3. World Health Organization. The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): Position paper from the World Health Organization. Social Science and Medicine 1995;41(10):1403–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K
  • 4. Ozen EN. Depression. 1st ed. Current manual of geriatrics. Istanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstore; 2017.
  • 5. Eser S, Saatli G, Eser E, Baydur H, Fidaner C. [The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-Old)] (in Turkish). Turk J Psychiatry 2010;21(1):37-48.
  • 6. Ertan T, Eker E, Sar V. [The validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale in Turkish population] (in Turkish). Arch of Neuropsychiatry 1997;34(2):62-71.
  • 7. Aydin S, Karaoglu L. [The quality of life and the influencing factors among the population over 65 living in Gaziantep city center] (in Turkish). Turk J Geriatrics 2012;15(4):424-33.
  • 8. Halvorsrud L, Kalfoss M, Diseth A. Reliability and validity of the Norwegian WHOQOL‐OLD module. Scand J Caring Sci 2008;22(2):292-305. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.0523.x
  • 9. Varela FRA, Ciconelli RM, Campolina AG, Soarez PC. Quality of life evaluation of frail elderly in Campinas, São Paulo. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 2015;61(5):423-30. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.61.05.423
  • 10. Ozyurt BC, Eser E, Coban G, Akdemir SN. [The evaluation of influencing factors of “Quality of Life” in the elderly in Muradiye district, Manisa] (in Turkish) Turk J Geriatrics. 2007;10(3):117-23.
  • 11. Dogan H, Canbaz S, Tander B, Peksen Y, Canturk F, Oruc N. [The prevalence of home injuries among elderly people in Samsun, Turkey, and the influencing factors] (in Turkish). Turk J Med Sci 2010;40(4):651-8.
  • 12. Conrad I, Matschinger H, Riedel-Heller S, Gottberg C. The psychometric properties of the German version of the WHOQOL-OLD in the German population aged 60 and older. Health Quality Life Outcomes 2014;12(1):105. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-014-0105-4
  • 13. Walters SJ, Munro JF, Brazier JE. Using the SF‐36 with older adults: a cross‐sectional community‐based survey. Age Ageing 2001;30(4):337-43. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/30.4.337
  • 14. Akyol Y, Durmus D, Dogan C, Bek Y, Canturk F. [Quality of life and level of depressive symptoms in the geriatric population] (in Turkish). Turk J Rheumatol 2016;25:165-73. https://doi.org/10.5152/tjr.2010.23
  • 15. Campos ACV, Ferreira EF, Vargas AMD, Albala C. Aging, Gender and Quality of Life (AGEQOL) study: factors associated with good quality of life in older Brazilian community-dwelling adults. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2014;12(1):166. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-014-0166-4
  • 16. Molzahn AE, Kalfoss M, Schick Makaroff K, Skevington SM. Comparing the importance of different aspects of quality of life to older adults across diverse cultures. Age Ageing 2010;40(2):192-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afq156
  • 17. Top M, Eris H, Kabalcioglu F. Quality of Life (QOL) and attitudes toward aging in older adults in Sanliurfa, Turkey. Res Aging 2013;35(5):533-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027512447822
  • 18. Low G, Molzahn AE. Predictors of Quality of Life in Old Age: a cross-validation study. Res Nurs Health 2007;30:141-50. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20178
  • 19. Chachamovich E, Fleck M, Laidlaw K, Power M. Impact of major depression and subsyndromal symptoms on quality of life and attitudes toward aging in an international sample of older adults. Gerontologist 2008;48(5):593-602. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/48.5.593
  • 20. Oliveira SES, Von Hohendorff J, Lima Muller J, Bandeira DR, Koller SH, Fleck MPA. Associations between self-perceived quality of life and socio-demographic, psychosocial, and health variables in a group of elderly. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2013;29(7):1437-48. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2013000700017
  • 21. Trentini CM, Chachamovich E, Wagner GP, Muller DH. Quality of life (QoL) in a Brazilian sample of older adults: the role of sociodemographic variables and depression symptoms. Applied Res Qual Life 2011;6(3):291-309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-010-9128-0
  • 22. Demir G, Unsal A, Arslan GG, Coban A. [Study of prevalence of depression among elders living at nursing home and house] (in Turkish). Gumushane Uni J Health Sci 2013;2(1):1-12.
  • 23. Dastan NB, Akkus Y. [Investigation of depression and cognitive functions in the elderly in Kars] (in Turkish). Turk J Geriatrics 2016;19(2):113-21.
  • 24. Bryła M, Burzyńska M, Maniecka-Bryła I. Self-rated quality of life of city-dwelling elderly people benefitting from social help: results of a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2013;11(1):181. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-11-181
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Geriatrics and Gerontology
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Banu Bedir 0000-0001-8342-5351

Elif Okşan Çalıkoğlu 0000-0001-8959-5001

Sinan Yılmaz 0000-0001-7784-3274

Zahide Koşan 0000-0002-1429-6207

Serhat Vançelik 0000-0003-4244-602X

Publication Date July 28, 2023
Submission Date August 22, 2022
Acceptance Date July 11, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Bedir, B., Çalıkoğlu, E. O., Yılmaz, S., Koşan, Z., et al. (2023). The factors associated with quality of life and depression score in adults aged 65 and over. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 8(4), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1165145
AMA Bedir B, Çalıkoğlu EO, Yılmaz S, Koşan Z, Vançelik S. The factors associated with quality of life and depression score in adults aged 65 and over. Fam Pract Palliat Care. July 2023;8(4):81-88. doi:10.22391/fppc.1165145
Chicago Bedir, Banu, Elif Okşan Çalıkoğlu, Sinan Yılmaz, Zahide Koşan, and Serhat Vançelik. “The Factors Associated With Quality of Life and Depression Score in Adults Aged 65 and over”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 8, no. 4 (July 2023): 81-88. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1165145.
EndNote Bedir B, Çalıkoğlu EO, Yılmaz S, Koşan Z, Vançelik S (July 1, 2023) The factors associated with quality of life and depression score in adults aged 65 and over. Family Practice and Palliative Care 8 4 81–88.
IEEE B. Bedir, E. O. Çalıkoğlu, S. Yılmaz, Z. Koşan, and S. Vançelik, “The factors associated with quality of life and depression score in adults aged 65 and over”, Fam Pract Palliat Care, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 81–88, 2023, doi: 10.22391/fppc.1165145.
ISNAD Bedir, Banu et al. “The Factors Associated With Quality of Life and Depression Score in Adults Aged 65 and over”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 8/4 (July 2023), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1165145.
JAMA Bedir B, Çalıkoğlu EO, Yılmaz S, Koşan Z, Vançelik S. The factors associated with quality of life and depression score in adults aged 65 and over. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2023;8:81–88.
MLA Bedir, Banu et al. “The Factors Associated With Quality of Life and Depression Score in Adults Aged 65 and over”. Family Practice and Palliative Care, vol. 8, no. 4, 2023, pp. 81-88, doi:10.22391/fppc.1165145.
Vancouver Bedir B, Çalıkoğlu EO, Yılmaz S, Koşan Z, Vançelik S. The factors associated with quality of life and depression score in adults aged 65 and over. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2023;8(4):81-8.
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Family Practice and Palliative Care       ISSN 2458-8865       E-ISSN 2459-1505