Abstract
Giriş: Gebelik döneminde sosyal destek ve konfor düzeyi gebe kadınların kendileri ve bebekleri için sağlıklı bir gebelik süreci geçirmeleri açısından çok önemlidir.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, gebelerde algılanan sosyal destek ve konfor düzeyini etkileyen faktörleri ve algılanan sosyal destek ile konfor düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve korelasyonel tiptedir. Çalışma kadın doğum polikliniğine gelen 272 gebe ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler Birey Tanımlama Formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanana Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) ve Prenatal Konfor Ölçeği (PKÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Gebelerin yaş ortalaması 28.81±4.74’dır. ÇBASDÖ puan ortalaması 69,03±6,95 iken, PKÖ puan ortalaması 65,31±3,80'dir. Eğitim düzeyi, çalışma durumu, aile tipi, gelir, evlilik süresi, evlilik yaşı, yaşayan çocuk sayısı, istenen cinsiyet, algılanan sosyal destek ve konfor düzeylerinde anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Ayrıca, trimester, gebelik sayısı ve bebeğin cinsiyetinden duyulan memnuniyet PKÖ puanlarını anlamlı şekilde etkilemiştir (p<0.05). ÇBASDÖ ve PKÖ puanları arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon vardır (r=0,609; p=0.000). Konfor düzeyi algılanan sosyal desteği 1,1 birim artırmaktadır (B=1,113; R2=0,371).
Sonuçlar: Gebe kadınlarda algılanan sosyal destek ve konfor düzeyi birbirinden etkilenmektedir. Sağlık hizmeti sağlayıcıları, özellikle de hemşireler, sosyal destek ve konfor düzeylerini değerlendirmeli ve gebe kadınların doğum öncesi bakımına entegre etmelidir.
References
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- 2. Nazari M, Ghasemi S, Vafaei H, Fararouei M. (2015). The perceived social support and its relationship with some of the demographic characteristics in primigravida pregnant women. Int. J. Nurs. Midwifery. 2015;7(9):141-145.
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- 25. Bergman J, Bergman N. Whose choice? Advocating birthing practices according to the baby's biological needs. J Perinat Educ. 2013;22(1):8-13.
- 26. Aydın Kartal Y, Karaman T. Doğuma hazırlık eğitiminin gebelerde prenatal bağlanma ve depresyon riski üzerine etkisi. Zeynep Kamil Med. J. 2018;49(1), 85-91.
- 27. Darvishvand M, Rahebi SM, Khalesi ZB. Factors related to maternal-infant attachment. Shiraz E Med. J. 2018;19(12):3.
- 28. Daglar G, Nur N. Level of mother-baby bonding and influencing factors during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Psychiatr. Danub. 2018;30(4):433-440.
- 29. Taffazoli M, Montakhab Asadi M, Aminyazdi SA, Shakeri MT. The relationship between maternal-fetal attachment and mother-infant attachment behaviors in primiparous women referring to Mashhad health care centers. JMRH. 2015;3(2):318-327.
Abstract
Background: Social support and comfort level during pregnancy are very important for pregnant women to have a healthy pregnancy process for themselves and their babies. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the factors affecting perceived social support and comfort level and the relationship between perceived social support and comfort level in pregnant women.
Methods: The research was descriptive and correlational type. The study was conducted with 272 pregnant women who came to the obstetrics policlinic. Data were collected using the Individual Identification Form, the MSPSS, and the PCS.
Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 28.81±4.74 years. The MSPSS score averaged 69.03±6.95, while the PCS score was 65.31±3.80. Significant differences were found in education level, employment status, family type, income, marriage duration, marriage age, number of living children, desired gender, and perceived social support and comfort levels (p<0.05). Additionally, trimester, number of pregnancies, and satisfaction with the baby's sex significantly influenced PCS scores(p<0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between MSPSS and PCS scores (r=0.609; p=0.000). Comfort Level increased perceived social support by 1.1 units (B=1.113; R2=0.371).
Conclusions: Perceived social support and comfort level were affected by each other in pregnant women. Healthcare providers, especially nurses, should assess and integrate social support and comfort levels into prenatal care for pregnant women.
Ethical Statement
The study protocol was approved by Izmir Katip Celebi University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (IRB: 0256, Date: 26.05.2022) and permission from the hospital where the study was conducted (IRB: 2022/84, Date: 08.09.2022). and informed consent was signed by all pregnant woman. After signing the consent forms, the recruited pregnant women filled out an individual identification form, the Turkish version of MSPSS and PCS. Filling out the forms took approximately 20 minutes. Data were collected by the researchers every weekday. Researchers were ready to explain the pregnant women's questions. All forms were collected by face-to-face interview and filled out by the pregnant women. The research was conducted in accordance with the Principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Supporting Institution
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References
- 1. Battulga B, Benjamin MR, Chen H, Bat-Enkh E. The impact of social support and pregnancy on subjective well-being: A systematic review. Front. Psychol. 2021;12:710858.
- 2. Nazari M, Ghasemi S, Vafaei H, Fararouei M. (2015). The perceived social support and its relationship with some of the demographic characteristics in primigravida pregnant women. Int. J. Nurs. Midwifery. 2015;7(9):141-145.
- 3. Yu M, Qiu T, Liu C, Cui Q, Wu H. The mediating role of perceived social support between anxiety symptoms and life satisfaction in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020;18(1):1-8.
- 4. Jonsdottir SS, Thome M, Steingrimsdottir T, Lydsdottir LB, Sigurdsson JF, Olafsdottir H, Swahnberg K. Partner relationship, social support, and perinatal distress among pregnant Icelandic women. Women Birth. 2017;30(1):e46-e55.
- 5. Gümüşdaş M, Apay SE. The relationship between marital adjustment and social support in pregnancy. HSP. 2016;3(1):1-8.
- 6. Aktas S, Calik KY. Factors affecting depression during pregnancy and the correlation between social support and pregnancy depression. IRCMJ. 2015;17(9):e16640. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.16640.
- 7. Aytac SH, Yazici S. The effect of social support on pregnancy and postpartum depression. IJCS. 2020;13(1):746.
- 8. Değirmenci F, Vefikuluçay Yılmaz D. The relationship between psychosocial health status and social support of pregnant women. J. Psychosom. Obstet. Gynecol. 2020;41(4):290-297.
- 9. Diniz E, Koller SH, Volling BL. Social support and maternal depression from pregnancy to postpartum: the association with positive maternal behaviors among Brazilian adolescent mothers. Early Child Dev. Care. 2015;185(7):1053-1066.
- 10. Afolabi O, Bunce L, Lusher J, Banbury S. Postnatal depression, maternal-infant bonding, and social support: a cross-cultural comparison of Nigerian and British mothers. J. Ment. Health Syst. 2020;29(4):424-430.
- 11. Hijazi HH, Alyahya MS, Al Abdi RM, Alolayyan MN, Sindiani AM, Raffee LA, Banissa AW, Al Marzouqi AM. The impact of perceived social support during pregnancy on postpartum infant-focused anxieties: A prospective cohort study of mothers in Northern Jordan. Int J Womens Health. 2021;13:973-989. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S329487.
- 12. Nakamura Y, Takeishi Y, Ito N, Ito M, Atogami F, Yoshizawa T. Comfort with motherhood in late pregnancy facilitates maternal role attainment in early postpartum. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2015;235:53-55 doi: 10.1620/tjem.235.53.
- 13. Takeishi Y, Nakamura Y, Atogami F, Yoshizawa T. Development of the prenatal comfort scale. Journal of Japan Maternity Nursing. 2011;11:11-18.
- 14. Aydın Özkan S, Kaya Şenol D, Aslan E. Comfort level and effective factors in third-trimester pregnancy. E-J. Dokuz Eylul Univ. Nurs. Fac. 2020;13(2):92–99. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1130829
- 15. Daglar G, Bilgiç D, Aydın Özkan S. Factors affecting the quality of life among pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy. Cukurova Med J., 2019;44(3):1.
- 16. Demirbaş H, Kadıoğlu H. Adaptation to pregnancy in prenatal period women and factors associated with adaptation. Journal of Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences. 2014;4(4):200-206.
- 17. İbici Akca E, Gökbulut N, Cengizhan SO. The Effects of MBSR Programme on Prenatal Comfort and Fetal Health Anxiety in Pregnant Women. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2023;1-15.
- 18. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd.;1988.
- 19. Şenol DK, Özkan SA, Aslan E. Adaptation of the prenatal comfort scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Florence Nightingale J Nurs. 2021;29(2):221.
- 20. Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. J Pers Assess. 1988;52:30-41.
- 21. Eker D, Arkar H, Yaldız H. Çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin gözden geçirilmiş formunun faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2001;12:17-25.
- 22. Schober P, Boer C, Schwarte LA. Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and interpretation. Anesth Analg. 2018;126(5):1763-1768.
- 23. Güleç D, Öztürk R, Sevil Ü, Kazandı M. Gebelerin yaşadıkları doğum korkusu ile algıladıkları sosyal destek arasındaki ilişki. JCOG. 2014;24(1):36-41.
- 24. Berkman LF. Social support, social networks, social cohesion, and health. Soc Work Health Care. 2000;31:3–14.
- 25. Bergman J, Bergman N. Whose choice? Advocating birthing practices according to the baby's biological needs. J Perinat Educ. 2013;22(1):8-13.
- 26. Aydın Kartal Y, Karaman T. Doğuma hazırlık eğitiminin gebelerde prenatal bağlanma ve depresyon riski üzerine etkisi. Zeynep Kamil Med. J. 2018;49(1), 85-91.
- 27. Darvishvand M, Rahebi SM, Khalesi ZB. Factors related to maternal-infant attachment. Shiraz E Med. J. 2018;19(12):3.
- 28. Daglar G, Nur N. Level of mother-baby bonding and influencing factors during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Psychiatr. Danub. 2018;30(4):433-440.
- 29. Taffazoli M, Montakhab Asadi M, Aminyazdi SA, Shakeri MT. The relationship between maternal-fetal attachment and mother-infant attachment behaviors in primiparous women referring to Mashhad health care centers. JMRH. 2015;3(2):318-327.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Sciences (Other) |
| Journal Section | Original Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | June 28, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | April 9, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 |
The Journal of General Medicine is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).