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Türkiye’de Çek Sorunsalına Alternatif Ödeme Aracı Önerisi: Garantili Fon Transferi Ve Muhasebe Kayıtları

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 20 - 43, 30.06.2025

Onur Çetin , Tuğdem Saygın

Abstract

Çeke alternatif olabilecek Garantili Fon Transferi ürünü bu çalışma kapsamında vadeli çek kullanımına ve yaşanan bu sorunlara alternatif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulamada Tek Düzen Hesap Planı ve Kamu Gözetim Kurumu’nun yeni hesap plan taslağına göre detay ve özet bilançolar hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan özet bilançolar ile işletmenin satışlarını ileri vadeli çek veya garantili fon transferi ödeme aracı ile yapmış olduğu varsayımlarda işletmenin cari oran, asit-test, nakit oran ve stok bağımlılık oranlarındaki değişimler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada yapılan uygulama sonucunda, işletmelerin GFT aracılığı ile yaptığı çalışmalarda, bilançosunun daha likit olduğu ve nakit oranın, çekli satışa nazaran daha iyi gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Çek Kamu Gözetim Kurumu Yeni Hesap Taslak Planı İleri Vadeli Çek Garantili Fon Transferi.

References

  • ALTIPARMAK, A. K. (2015). "Comparison of the Legal System Applicable to Bills of Exchange in the Bills of Exchange Act System with the Geneva Conventions System." Journal of Banking and Commercial Law, 1(6), 83-85.
  • AKSOY, N. & SÜRÜCÜ, M. (2022). "Evaluation of Legal and Criminal Liability for Dishonored Checks in Terms of Turkish and Russian Commercial Legislation." Süleyman Demirel University Law Faculty Journal, 12(1), 405-444. https://doi.org/10.52273/sduhfd..992528.
  • AYLİ, A. & YARDIMCIOĞLU, D. (2014). "The Issue Date of the Check and Its Importance." Dokuz Eylül University Law Faculty Journal, 16, 3195-3239.
  • BAŞTUĞ, S. "Crowdfunding Based on the Savings Finance System and a Proposed Model." International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 10(2), 173-196.
  • CAN, M. (1998). "The Legal Status of the Check Holder Against the Drawee Bank." Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University Law Faculty Journal, 2(2).
  • CÖMERT, Ç. E. (2011). "Evaluation of the Importance and Role of Receivables Management in the Framework of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)." Accounting and Auditing Review, (34), 89-106.
  • ÇATALBAŞ, B. (2022). “The Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Foreign Trade Transactions in Participation Banks”. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Master’s Thesis.
  • ÇELİK, A. (2016). “Commercial Law”. Seçkin Publishing: Ankara.
  • ÇELİK ÖZTÜRK, Z. “Elements of the Check and Payment with Checks”. Dicle University Social Sciences Institute, Private Law Department, Master’s Thesis.
  • ÇELİK, O. (2022, November 24).” Economy”, Dünya Newspaper
  • ÇÖL, H. C. (2004). “Problems Related to Postdated Checks”. Ankara University Law Faculty Journal, 53(1).
  • DEĞİRMENDERELİ, A. & ELİTAŞ, C. (2009). “The Impact of Check Discounts on Tax Base under Law” No. 5838. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 11(2), 37-54.
  • DEMİRTAŞ, M., VARICI, İ. & ÇAĞIRAN, F. K. (2019). “Problems and Solution Suggestions for Commercial Receivables from an Accounting Perspective: An Application for Accounting Professionals”. International Journal of Accounting and Finance Research, 1(2), 195-219.
  • DIRENİSA, E. (2022). “The Scope and Limits of the Examination to Be Conducted by the Enforcement Officer Regarding the Conditions for the Enforcement or Bankruptcy of Bills of Exchange”. Turkish-German University Law Faculty Journal, 4(1), 117-164.
  • DİNÇ, E. & ATABAY, E. (2019). “Provisions Distorting Reality in the Uniform Accounting System and the Need for Updates”. International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies, (22), 179-192.
  • DİRİKKAN, H. (2002). “Criticism of the Draft Law Amending the Law on the Regulation of Payments by Check and the Protection of Check Holders and the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law”. Dokuz Eylül University Law Faculty Journal, 4(1), 1-38.
  • DOĞAN, Ö. (2021). “Comparison of the Draft Chart of Accounts Compliant with the Uniform Chart of Accounts and Financial Reporting Standards in Terms of Cash and Cash Equivalents”. JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 6 (Special Issue), 20-28.
  • DÜNDAR, H. (2008). "An Examination of the Principle of Abstractness of Bills of Exchange (Principle of Autonomy) Along with Supreme Court Decisions". Terazi Monthly Law Journal, 1(24), 26.
  • ELÇİ, S. (2024). “A Comparative Study of Check Transactions in the Draft Chart of Accounts Compliant with Financial Reporting Standards and the Existing Uniform Chart of Accounts”. International Journal of Disciplines in Economics & Administrative Sciences Studies, 10(1), 1-12.
  • GENÇTÜRK, M. (2011). “An Evaluation of Postdated Checks under the New System in the Check Law”. Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Law Faculty Journal, 15(1-2), 119-159.
  • GÖKGÖZ, A. (2019). “Determination and Accounting of Expected Credit Losses Related to Commercial Receivables under TFRS 9 Financial Instruments Standard”. Journal of Accounting, Finance and Auditing Studies, 5(2), 163-178.
  • GÖKTAŞ, İ. (2021, November 22). “Economy”, Dünya Newspaper.
  • HAKSEVER, B. F. & BAYKAL, B. (2023). “The Impact of Digitalization and Financial Technologies in the Banking Sector on Service Marketing”. Academic Perspective, 3(2), 191-228.
  • KARABINAR, S. & ÖKTEM, R. (2011). “An Examination of Endorsement Transactions in the Context of 'Liability-Creating Events' and Reporting of Endorsed Checks under Turkish Financial Reporting Standards”. Trakya University Journal of Social Sciences, 13(1), 33-49.
  • KARAYALÇIN, Y. (2006). “Lectures on Commercial Law”. Ankara Printing House: Ankara.
  • LAZOL, İ. (1994). “Account Plans, Some Problems and Suggestions”. Uludağ University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 15(2), 161-165.
  • NARHİN, Ö. (2021). “Postdated Checks and Their Legal Consequences in Turkish Law”. Dokuz Eylül University, Master’s Thesis.
  • ORAN, Ö. (2022, March 18). “Economy”, Hürriyet Newspaper.
  • ÖKTEM, R. & KARABINAR, S. (2011). “An Examination of Endorsement Transactions in the Context of 'Liability-Creating Events' and Reporting of Endorsed Checks under Turkish Financial Reporting Standards”. Trakya University Journal of Social Sciences, 13(1), 33-49.
  • POROY, R. (1984). “Principles of Negotiable Instruments Law”. Beta Publishing: Istanbul.
  • POROY, R. & TEKİNALP, Ü. (2021). “Principles of Negotiable Instruments Law”. Vedat Publishing: Istanbul.
  • REİSOĞLU, S. (2003). “Checks in Light of Recent Legal Changes”. Turkish Banks Association, 56.
  • TAMER, A. (2013). “The Legal (Minimum) Payment Obligation of the Drawee Bank in Terms of Check Law”. Bankers Journal, 24(85), 92-106.
  • TBMM (2011). “Turkish Commercial Code, Law”. No. 6102, Acceptance Date: 13/1/2011, Published in the Official Gazette: Date: 14/2/2011, Number: 27846.
  • TEOMAN, O. (2009). “The Amendments to the Check Law by Act” No. 5838. Journal of Banking Law, 25, 27.
  • YASAN, M. (2014). “The Processing (and Especially Payment) of a Check Presented before the Date of Issue under Provisional Article 3 Paragraph 1 of the Check Law by the Drawee Bank”. Turkish Justice Academy Journal, 5(19).
  • YETİŞKEN, A. (2010). “Commercial Receivables Management and Its Impact on Cash Budget”, Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Department of Business, Accounting Finance Program, Master’s Thesis.
  • YILDIRIM, A.H. (2017). “Some Observations Regarding Postdated Checks and Their Consequences in Turkish Law”. Gazi University Law Faculty Journal, XXI(4).
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  • https://www.vakifkatilim.com.tr/tr/isim-icin/nakit-yonetimi/tahsilat-sistemleri/garantili-fon-transferigft (Accessed 12.06.2022)
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  • https://www.resourceconsulting.com /blogs/insights/the-risks-and-benefits-of-different-payment-methods-in-the-digital-era (Accessed 18.05.2025)

AN ALTERNATIVE PAYMENT INSTRUMENT TO THE CHECK ISSUE IN TURKEY: GUARANTEED FUND TRANSFER AND ACCOUNTING RECORDS

Year 2025, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 20 - 43, 30.06.2025

Onur Çetin , Tuğdem Saygın

Abstract

The Guaranteed Fund Transfer product, which could be considered an alternative to post-dated checks, has been evaluated within the scope of this study as a solution to the issues arising from the use of post-dated checks. In the implementation phase, an example case study has been used to record journal entries, considering both the Uniform Chart of Accounts and the draft chart of accounts prepared by the Public Oversight Authority. Subsequently, summary and detailed balance sheets have been prepared based on these journal entries. These balance sheets primarily reflect the company's sales made using post-dated checks. Afterwards, the company's summary and detailed balance sheets have been prepared again under the assumption that Guaranteed Fund Transfer is used as the payment instrument instead of post-dated checks, and the changes in the company's cash ratio, current ratio, acid-test ratio, and stock dependency ratio have been analyzed based on these balance sheets. As a result of the sample application conducted in this study, it has been determined that when businesses conduct sales through the Guaranteed Fund Transfer, the cash ratio is higher compared to sales made with checks.

Keywords

Checks Public Oversight Authority New Draft Chart of Accounts Postdated Cheque Guaranteed Fund Transfer

References

  • ALTIPARMAK, A. K. (2015). "Comparison of the Legal System Applicable to Bills of Exchange in the Bills of Exchange Act System with the Geneva Conventions System." Journal of Banking and Commercial Law, 1(6), 83-85.
  • AKSOY, N. & SÜRÜCÜ, M. (2022). "Evaluation of Legal and Criminal Liability for Dishonored Checks in Terms of Turkish and Russian Commercial Legislation." Süleyman Demirel University Law Faculty Journal, 12(1), 405-444. https://doi.org/10.52273/sduhfd..992528.
  • AYLİ, A. & YARDIMCIOĞLU, D. (2014). "The Issue Date of the Check and Its Importance." Dokuz Eylül University Law Faculty Journal, 16, 3195-3239.
  • BAŞTUĞ, S. "Crowdfunding Based on the Savings Finance System and a Proposed Model." International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 10(2), 173-196.
  • CAN, M. (1998). "The Legal Status of the Check Holder Against the Drawee Bank." Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University Law Faculty Journal, 2(2).
  • CÖMERT, Ç. E. (2011). "Evaluation of the Importance and Role of Receivables Management in the Framework of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)." Accounting and Auditing Review, (34), 89-106.
  • ÇATALBAŞ, B. (2022). “The Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Foreign Trade Transactions in Participation Banks”. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Master’s Thesis.
  • ÇELİK, A. (2016). “Commercial Law”. Seçkin Publishing: Ankara.
  • ÇELİK ÖZTÜRK, Z. “Elements of the Check and Payment with Checks”. Dicle University Social Sciences Institute, Private Law Department, Master’s Thesis.
  • ÇELİK, O. (2022, November 24).” Economy”, Dünya Newspaper
  • ÇÖL, H. C. (2004). “Problems Related to Postdated Checks”. Ankara University Law Faculty Journal, 53(1).
  • DEĞİRMENDERELİ, A. & ELİTAŞ, C. (2009). “The Impact of Check Discounts on Tax Base under Law” No. 5838. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 11(2), 37-54.
  • DEMİRTAŞ, M., VARICI, İ. & ÇAĞIRAN, F. K. (2019). “Problems and Solution Suggestions for Commercial Receivables from an Accounting Perspective: An Application for Accounting Professionals”. International Journal of Accounting and Finance Research, 1(2), 195-219.
  • DIRENİSA, E. (2022). “The Scope and Limits of the Examination to Be Conducted by the Enforcement Officer Regarding the Conditions for the Enforcement or Bankruptcy of Bills of Exchange”. Turkish-German University Law Faculty Journal, 4(1), 117-164.
  • DİNÇ, E. & ATABAY, E. (2019). “Provisions Distorting Reality in the Uniform Accounting System and the Need for Updates”. International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies, (22), 179-192.
  • DİRİKKAN, H. (2002). “Criticism of the Draft Law Amending the Law on the Regulation of Payments by Check and the Protection of Check Holders and the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law”. Dokuz Eylül University Law Faculty Journal, 4(1), 1-38.
  • DOĞAN, Ö. (2021). “Comparison of the Draft Chart of Accounts Compliant with the Uniform Chart of Accounts and Financial Reporting Standards in Terms of Cash and Cash Equivalents”. JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 6 (Special Issue), 20-28.
  • DÜNDAR, H. (2008). "An Examination of the Principle of Abstractness of Bills of Exchange (Principle of Autonomy) Along with Supreme Court Decisions". Terazi Monthly Law Journal, 1(24), 26.
  • ELÇİ, S. (2024). “A Comparative Study of Check Transactions in the Draft Chart of Accounts Compliant with Financial Reporting Standards and the Existing Uniform Chart of Accounts”. International Journal of Disciplines in Economics & Administrative Sciences Studies, 10(1), 1-12.
  • GENÇTÜRK, M. (2011). “An Evaluation of Postdated Checks under the New System in the Check Law”. Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Law Faculty Journal, 15(1-2), 119-159.
  • GÖKGÖZ, A. (2019). “Determination and Accounting of Expected Credit Losses Related to Commercial Receivables under TFRS 9 Financial Instruments Standard”. Journal of Accounting, Finance and Auditing Studies, 5(2), 163-178.
  • GÖKTAŞ, İ. (2021, November 22). “Economy”, Dünya Newspaper.
  • HAKSEVER, B. F. & BAYKAL, B. (2023). “The Impact of Digitalization and Financial Technologies in the Banking Sector on Service Marketing”. Academic Perspective, 3(2), 191-228.
  • KARABINAR, S. & ÖKTEM, R. (2011). “An Examination of Endorsement Transactions in the Context of 'Liability-Creating Events' and Reporting of Endorsed Checks under Turkish Financial Reporting Standards”. Trakya University Journal of Social Sciences, 13(1), 33-49.
  • KARAYALÇIN, Y. (2006). “Lectures on Commercial Law”. Ankara Printing House: Ankara.
  • LAZOL, İ. (1994). “Account Plans, Some Problems and Suggestions”. Uludağ University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 15(2), 161-165.
  • NARHİN, Ö. (2021). “Postdated Checks and Their Legal Consequences in Turkish Law”. Dokuz Eylül University, Master’s Thesis.
  • ORAN, Ö. (2022, March 18). “Economy”, Hürriyet Newspaper.
  • ÖKTEM, R. & KARABINAR, S. (2011). “An Examination of Endorsement Transactions in the Context of 'Liability-Creating Events' and Reporting of Endorsed Checks under Turkish Financial Reporting Standards”. Trakya University Journal of Social Sciences, 13(1), 33-49.
  • POROY, R. (1984). “Principles of Negotiable Instruments Law”. Beta Publishing: Istanbul.
  • POROY, R. & TEKİNALP, Ü. (2021). “Principles of Negotiable Instruments Law”. Vedat Publishing: Istanbul.
  • REİSOĞLU, S. (2003). “Checks in Light of Recent Legal Changes”. Turkish Banks Association, 56.
  • TAMER, A. (2013). “The Legal (Minimum) Payment Obligation of the Drawee Bank in Terms of Check Law”. Bankers Journal, 24(85), 92-106.
  • TBMM (2011). “Turkish Commercial Code, Law”. No. 6102, Acceptance Date: 13/1/2011, Published in the Official Gazette: Date: 14/2/2011, Number: 27846.
  • TEOMAN, O. (2009). “The Amendments to the Check Law by Act” No. 5838. Journal of Banking Law, 25, 27.
  • YASAN, M. (2014). “The Processing (and Especially Payment) of a Check Presented before the Date of Issue under Provisional Article 3 Paragraph 1 of the Check Law by the Drawee Bank”. Turkish Justice Academy Journal, 5(19).
  • YETİŞKEN, A. (2010). “Commercial Receivables Management and Its Impact on Cash Budget”, Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Department of Business, Accounting Finance Program, Master’s Thesis.
  • YILDIRIM, A.H. (2017). “Some Observations Regarding Postdated Checks and Their Consequences in Turkish Law”. Gazi University Law Faculty Journal, XXI(4).
  • https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=5941&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5 (Accessed 05.03.2022)
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  • https://www.vakifkatilim.com.tr/tr/isim-icin/nakit-yonetimi/tahsilat-sistemleri/garantili-fon-transferigft (Accessed 12.06.2022)
  • https://www.kgk.gov.tr/Portalv2Uploads/files/DynamicContentFiles/T%C3%BCrkiye%20Muhasebe%20Standartlar%C4%B1/TMSTFRS2018Seti/TMS/TMS_32_2018.pdf (Accessed 08.04.2022)
  • https://www.kgk.gov.tr/Portalv2Uploads/files/DynamicContentFiles/T%C3%BCrkiye%20Muhasebe%20Standartlar%C4%B1/TMSTFRS2017Seti/2-TFRS/TFRS_7_2017.pdf (Accessed 05.05.2022)
  • https://www.kgk.gov.tr/Portalv2Uploads/files/DynamicContentFiles/T%C3%BCrkiye%20Muhasebe%20Standartlar%C4%B1/TMSTFRS2017Seti/3-TMS/TMS_39_2017.pdf (Accessed 05.05.2022)
  • https://www.kgk.gov.tr/Portalv2Uploads/files/DynamicContentFiles/T%C3%BCrkiye%20Muhasebe%20Standartlar%C4%B1/TMSTFRS2018Seti/TFRS/TFRS_9_2017%20S%C3%BCr%C3%BCm%C3%BC_201 8.pdf (Accessed 05.05.2022)
  • https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/45-46/61 (Accessed 18.05.2025)
  • https://www.law.cornell.edu /ucc/3/3-104 (Accessed 18.05.2025)
  • https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuatmetin/1.5.6102.pdf.
  • https://www.amt-law.com/asset/res/news_2018_pdf/publication_0019509_ja_001.pdf (Accessed 18.05.2025)
  • https://www.resourceconsulting.com /blogs/insights/the-risks-and-benefits-of-different-payment-methods-in-the-digital-era (Accessed 18.05.2025)
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi
Authors

Onur Çetin 0000-0003-4957-5668

Tuğdem Saygın 0000-0002-0097-5604

Early Pub Date June 29, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date March 1, 2025
Acceptance Date June 27, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 20 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çetin, O., & Saygın, T. (2025). Türkiye’de Çek Sorunsalına Alternatif Ödeme Aracı Önerisi: Garantili Fon Transferi Ve Muhasebe Kayıtları. Girişimcilik Ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 20(1), 20-43.
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