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Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Nomofobi Düzeyleri ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ile İlişkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 30.04.2025

Rabia Tuğba Tekin , Hilal Aslan

https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697

Abstract

Amaç: Sağlık bilimleri fakültelerinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin de nomofobi düzeylerinin ve bunun fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile ilişkisinin incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini farklı üniversitelerdeki Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültelerinde öğrenim görmekte olan fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon, hemşirelik, beslenme ve diyetetik, odyoloji, çocuk gelişimi ve dil ve konuşma terapisi bölümlerinde öğrenim görmekte olan lisans öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler Google Forms aracılığıla hazırlanmış online bir anket ile katılımcılara sunuldu. Öğrencilerin demografik ve akıllı telefon kullanım alışkanlıklarına ek olarak nomofobi seviyeleri Nomofobi Ölçeği ile, fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ise Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: 231 öğrenci ile tamamlanan çalışmada öğrencilerin %42.9’u (n: 99) cep telefonlarını sosyal medyaya erişim amacıyla kullandıklarını, %43.3’ü (n: 100) dışarıdayken yanlarında şarj aleti taşıdıklarını ve %65.4’ü (n: 151) cep telefonlarını normalden fazla kullandıklarını düşündükleri bulundu. Öğrencilerin 64’ünde (%27.7) hafif, 110’unda (%47.6) orta ve 57’sinde (%24.7) aşırı düzeyde nomofobi davranışı mevcuttu. Öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve nomofobi düzeyi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif yönde ilişki bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin büyük kısmında orta ve yüksek şiddette nomofobi mevcuttur ve nomofobi ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Üniversitelerde nomofobi davranışına yönelik bilgilendirici faaliyetlerin ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyini arttırmaya yönelik teşvik edici uygulamaların olması önemli bir çağ olan üniversite çağındaki bireylerin mental ve bedensel sağlığını geliştirmek için önem taşımaktadır.

Keywords

üniversite öğrencisi nomofobi fiziksel aktivite akıllı telefon

Project Number

10-494

References

  • 1. Nomophobia is the fear of being out of mobile phone contact and it's the plague of our 24/7 age. Available from: http:// www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-550610. [Last accessed on 2024 Oct 16].
  • 2. Bragazzi N, Del Puente G. A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM-V. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2014; 155.
  • 3. Tran D. Classifying nomophobia as smartphone addiction disorder. UC Merced Undergraduate Research Journal (URJ). 2016; 9(1), 1–22.
  • 4. Alsayed S, Bano N, Alnajjar H. Evaluating practice of smartphone use among university students in undergraduate nursing education. Health Prof Educ. 2020; 6 (2) 238–246.
  • 5. Kim JH, Park H. Effects of smartphone-based mobile learning in nursing education: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Asian Nurs Res. 2019; 13 (1) 20–29.
  • 6. Nikolic A, Bukurov B, Kocic I, Vukovic M, Ladjevic N, Vrhovac M, Pavlović Z, Grujicic J, Kisic D, Sipetic S. Smartphone addiction, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students. Front Public Health. 2023; 11.
  • 7. Prasad M, Patthi B, Singla A, Gupta R, Saha S, Kumar JK, et al. Nomophobia: a crosssectional study to assess mobile phone usage among dental students. J Clin and Diagnostic Research. 2017;11(2):34.
  • 8. Janatolmakan M, Karampour A, Rezaeian S, Khatony A. Nomophobia: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Impact on Academic Performance Among Nursing Students. Heliyon. 2024.
  • 9. Terzi H, Ayaz-Alkaya S, Köse-Kabakcıoğlu N. Nomophobia and eHealth literacy among adolescents: A cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024; 75, 158– 163.
  • 10. Mokhtarinia HR, Torkamani MH, Farmani O, Biglarian A, Gabel CP. Smartphone addiction in children: Patterns of use and musculoskeletal discomfort during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. BMC Pediatrics. 2022; 22(1), 681.
  • 11. Xu P, Chen JS, Chang YL, Wang X, Jiang X, Griffiths MD, et al. Gender differences in the associations between physical activity, smartphone use, and weight stigma. Front Public Health. 2022;10:862829.
  • 12. Vitale E, Mea R, Benedetto A, Capizzello D, Zacchino S, Zaminga M, et al. Anxiety, depression, body mass ındex, physical activity in nomophobic Italian nurses: A chronic latent inflammation?. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(11):1421–9.
  • 13. Brailovskaia J, Margraf J. Addictive social media use during Covid-19 outbreak: Validation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and investigation of protective factors in nine countries. Curr Psychol. 2024; 43(14), 13022– 13040.
  • 14. Yildirim C, Correia AP. Exploring the dimensions of nomophobia: Development and validation of a self-reported questionnaire. Comput Hum Behav. 2015; 49, 130-137.
  • 15. Yildirim C, Sumuer E, Adnan M, Yildirim S. A growing fear: Prevalence of nomophobia among Turkish college students. Inf Dev. 2015; 1-15.
  • 16. Savcı S, Öztürk M, Arıkan H, İnal İnce D, Tokgözoğlu L. Physical activity levels of university students. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2006; 34(3), 166-172.
  • 17. Craig C, Marshall A., Sjostrom, M., Bauman, A., Lee, P., Macfarlane, D., ... & Stewart, S. (2017). International physical activity questionnaire-short form. J Am Coll Health, 65(7), 492-501.
  • 18. Altman DG, Machin D, Bryant TN, Gardner MJ. Statistics with confdence: confdence intervals and statistical guidelines, 2nd edn. Bristol, BMJ Books; 2013.
  • 19. Chóliz M. Mobile-phone addiction in adolescence: the test of mobile phone dependence (TMD). Prog Health Sci. 2012; 2(1), 33-44.
  • 20. Gezgin DM, Sumuer E, Arslan O, Yildirim S. Nomophobia Prevalence among Pre-service Teachers: A case of Trakya University. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2017; 7(1), 86-95.
  • 21. Pavithra MB, Madhukumar S, Murthy MTS. A study on nomophobia - mobile phone dependence, among students of a medical college in Bangalore. Nat J Community Med. 2015; 6(3), 340-344.
  • 22. Qutishat M, Rathinasamy Lazarus E, Razmy AM, Packianathan S. University students’ nomophobia prevalence, sociodemographic factors and relationship with academic performance at a university in Oman. Int J Africa Nurs Sci. 2020;13,100206, doi; 10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100206.
  • 23. Hassan MA, Cabfm AA, Al-Qahtani FS, et al. Prevalence and determinants of ‘No-Mobile’ phobia (nomophobia) among university students, Med J Cairo Univ. 2019; 87 2581–2586, https://doi.org/10.21608/MJCU.2019.54873.
  • 24. Ahmed S, Pokhrel N, Roy S, Samuel AJ. Impact of nomophobia: a nondrug addiction among students of physiotherapy course using an online cross-sectional survey, Indian J Psychiatr. 2019; 61 (1) 77–80.
  • 25. Gutiérrez-Puertas L, Márquez-Hernández VV, São-Romão-Preto L, Granados-Gámez G, Gutiérrez-Puertas V, Aguilera-Manrique G. Comparative study of nomophobia among Spanish and Portuguese nursing students. Nurse Educ Pract. 2019; 34, 79-84.
  • 26. Sharma N, Sharma P, Sharma N, Wavare RR. Rising concern of nomophobia amongst Indian medical students. Int J Res Med Sci. 2015; 3, 705–707.
  • 27. Saleh NF, Nordin R, & Zakaria N. Nomophobia among undergraduate students Faculty of Health Sciences UiTM Selangor Puncak Alam Campus. Healthscope: The Official Research Book of Faculty of Health Sciences, UiTM; 2019,1.
  • 28. Cellini N, Canale N, Mioni G, Costa S. Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. J Sleep Res. 2020, 29, e13074.
  • 29. Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Mohona RA, Ferdous MZ, Kamruzzaman S, Toma TY, Sakib MN, Pinky KN, Islam MR, et al. Problematic smartphone and social media use among Bangladeshi college and university students amid COVID-19: The role of psychological well-being and pandemic related factors. Front Psychiatry. 2021; 12, 647386.
  • 30. Beranuy M, Oberst U, Carbonell X, Chamarro A. Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: the role of emotional intelligence. Comput Hum Behav. 2009;25(5): 1182–1187.
  • 31. Hong FY, Chiu SI, Huang DH. A model of the relationship between psychological characteristics, mobile phone addiction and use of mobile phones by Taiwanese university female students. Comput Hum Behav. 2012;28(6): 2152–2159.
  • 32. Apak E, Yaman ÖM. Üniversite öğrencilerinde nomofobi yaygınlığı ve nomofobi ile sosyal fobi arasındaki ilişki: Bingöl Üniversitesi örneklemi. Addicta. 2019; 6(3), 611-629. doi; 10.15805/addicta.2019.6.3.0078.
  • 33. King ALS, Valença AM, Silva ACO, Baczynski T, Carvalho MR, NardiAE. Nomophobia: Dependency on virtual environments or social phobia?. Comput Hum Behav. 2013; 29(1), 140-144. doi; 10.1016/j.chb.2012.07.025.
  • 34. Fullwood C, Quinn S, Kaye LK, Redding C. My virtual friend: A qualitative analysis of the attitudes and experiences of Smartphone users: Implications for Smartphone attachment. Vol. 75, Comput Hum Behav. Pergamon; 2017.
  • 35. López-Valenciano A, Suárez-Iglesias D, Sanchez-Lastra MA, Ayán C. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on university students’ physical activity levels: An early systematic review. Front Psychol. 2021; 11, 624567.
  • 36. Torlak MS, Gerçek H, Ünüvar BS. Relationship between physical activity and Nomophobia in university students: A cross-sectional study. Addicta. 2022; 9(2), 176-181.
  • 37. AlMarzooqi MA, Alhaj OA, Alrasheed MM, Helmy M, Trabelsi K, Ebrahim A, Hattab S, Jahrami HA, Saad HB. Symptoms of nomophobia, psychological aspects, insomnia and physical activity: A cross-sectional study of esports players in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare. 2022, 10, 257.

NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 30.04.2025

Rabia Tuğba Tekin , Hilal Aslan

https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the nomophobia levels of students studying in faculties of health sciences and its relationship with physical activity level.
Method: The study was carried out with undergraduate students studying in the departments of physiotherapy and rehabilitation, nursing, nutrition and dietetics, audiology, child development and speech and language therapy at the Faculties of Health Sciences in different universities. The data were presented to the participants with an online questionnaire prepared through Google Forms. In addition to demographic and smartphone usage habits of the students, nomophobia levels were assessed with the Nomophobia Scale and physical activity levels were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
Results: In the study completed with 231 students, it was found that 42.9% (n: 99) of the students used their mobile phones to access social media, 43.3% (n: 100) carried a charger with them when they were out and 65.4% (n: 151) thought that they used their mobile phones more than normal. Nomophobia behaviour was mild in 64 (27.7%), moderate in 110 (47.6%) and extreme in 57 (24.7%) students. There was a statistically significant and negative correlation between physical activity level and nomophobia level (p<0.05).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between nomophobia and physical activity levels and nomophobia is present in the majority of health sciences faculty students with moderate to high severity. It is important to have informative activities for nomophobia behaviour and encouraging practices to increase physical activity level in universities in order to improve the mental and physical health of individuals in university age, which is an important age.

Keywords

University student nomophobia physical activity smartphone

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval was obtained from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University Health Sciences Ethics Committee on 19.12.2023 with decision number 10-494.

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

10-494

References

  • 1. Nomophobia is the fear of being out of mobile phone contact and it's the plague of our 24/7 age. Available from: http:// www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-550610. [Last accessed on 2024 Oct 16].
  • 2. Bragazzi N, Del Puente G. A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM-V. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2014; 155.
  • 3. Tran D. Classifying nomophobia as smartphone addiction disorder. UC Merced Undergraduate Research Journal (URJ). 2016; 9(1), 1–22.
  • 4. Alsayed S, Bano N, Alnajjar H. Evaluating practice of smartphone use among university students in undergraduate nursing education. Health Prof Educ. 2020; 6 (2) 238–246.
  • 5. Kim JH, Park H. Effects of smartphone-based mobile learning in nursing education: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Asian Nurs Res. 2019; 13 (1) 20–29.
  • 6. Nikolic A, Bukurov B, Kocic I, Vukovic M, Ladjevic N, Vrhovac M, Pavlović Z, Grujicic J, Kisic D, Sipetic S. Smartphone addiction, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students. Front Public Health. 2023; 11.
  • 7. Prasad M, Patthi B, Singla A, Gupta R, Saha S, Kumar JK, et al. Nomophobia: a crosssectional study to assess mobile phone usage among dental students. J Clin and Diagnostic Research. 2017;11(2):34.
  • 8. Janatolmakan M, Karampour A, Rezaeian S, Khatony A. Nomophobia: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Impact on Academic Performance Among Nursing Students. Heliyon. 2024.
  • 9. Terzi H, Ayaz-Alkaya S, Köse-Kabakcıoğlu N. Nomophobia and eHealth literacy among adolescents: A cross-sectional study. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024; 75, 158– 163.
  • 10. Mokhtarinia HR, Torkamani MH, Farmani O, Biglarian A, Gabel CP. Smartphone addiction in children: Patterns of use and musculoskeletal discomfort during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. BMC Pediatrics. 2022; 22(1), 681.
  • 11. Xu P, Chen JS, Chang YL, Wang X, Jiang X, Griffiths MD, et al. Gender differences in the associations between physical activity, smartphone use, and weight stigma. Front Public Health. 2022;10:862829.
  • 12. Vitale E, Mea R, Benedetto A, Capizzello D, Zacchino S, Zaminga M, et al. Anxiety, depression, body mass ındex, physical activity in nomophobic Italian nurses: A chronic latent inflammation?. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(11):1421–9.
  • 13. Brailovskaia J, Margraf J. Addictive social media use during Covid-19 outbreak: Validation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and investigation of protective factors in nine countries. Curr Psychol. 2024; 43(14), 13022– 13040.
  • 14. Yildirim C, Correia AP. Exploring the dimensions of nomophobia: Development and validation of a self-reported questionnaire. Comput Hum Behav. 2015; 49, 130-137.
  • 15. Yildirim C, Sumuer E, Adnan M, Yildirim S. A growing fear: Prevalence of nomophobia among Turkish college students. Inf Dev. 2015; 1-15.
  • 16. Savcı S, Öztürk M, Arıkan H, İnal İnce D, Tokgözoğlu L. Physical activity levels of university students. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2006; 34(3), 166-172.
  • 17. Craig C, Marshall A., Sjostrom, M., Bauman, A., Lee, P., Macfarlane, D., ... & Stewart, S. (2017). International physical activity questionnaire-short form. J Am Coll Health, 65(7), 492-501.
  • 18. Altman DG, Machin D, Bryant TN, Gardner MJ. Statistics with confdence: confdence intervals and statistical guidelines, 2nd edn. Bristol, BMJ Books; 2013.
  • 19. Chóliz M. Mobile-phone addiction in adolescence: the test of mobile phone dependence (TMD). Prog Health Sci. 2012; 2(1), 33-44.
  • 20. Gezgin DM, Sumuer E, Arslan O, Yildirim S. Nomophobia Prevalence among Pre-service Teachers: A case of Trakya University. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2017; 7(1), 86-95.
  • 21. Pavithra MB, Madhukumar S, Murthy MTS. A study on nomophobia - mobile phone dependence, among students of a medical college in Bangalore. Nat J Community Med. 2015; 6(3), 340-344.
  • 22. Qutishat M, Rathinasamy Lazarus E, Razmy AM, Packianathan S. University students’ nomophobia prevalence, sociodemographic factors and relationship with academic performance at a university in Oman. Int J Africa Nurs Sci. 2020;13,100206, doi; 10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100206.
  • 23. Hassan MA, Cabfm AA, Al-Qahtani FS, et al. Prevalence and determinants of ‘No-Mobile’ phobia (nomophobia) among university students, Med J Cairo Univ. 2019; 87 2581–2586, https://doi.org/10.21608/MJCU.2019.54873.
  • 24. Ahmed S, Pokhrel N, Roy S, Samuel AJ. Impact of nomophobia: a nondrug addiction among students of physiotherapy course using an online cross-sectional survey, Indian J Psychiatr. 2019; 61 (1) 77–80.
  • 25. Gutiérrez-Puertas L, Márquez-Hernández VV, São-Romão-Preto L, Granados-Gámez G, Gutiérrez-Puertas V, Aguilera-Manrique G. Comparative study of nomophobia among Spanish and Portuguese nursing students. Nurse Educ Pract. 2019; 34, 79-84.
  • 26. Sharma N, Sharma P, Sharma N, Wavare RR. Rising concern of nomophobia amongst Indian medical students. Int J Res Med Sci. 2015; 3, 705–707.
  • 27. Saleh NF, Nordin R, & Zakaria N. Nomophobia among undergraduate students Faculty of Health Sciences UiTM Selangor Puncak Alam Campus. Healthscope: The Official Research Book of Faculty of Health Sciences, UiTM; 2019,1.
  • 28. Cellini N, Canale N, Mioni G, Costa S. Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. J Sleep Res. 2020, 29, e13074.
  • 29. Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Mohona RA, Ferdous MZ, Kamruzzaman S, Toma TY, Sakib MN, Pinky KN, Islam MR, et al. Problematic smartphone and social media use among Bangladeshi college and university students amid COVID-19: The role of psychological well-being and pandemic related factors. Front Psychiatry. 2021; 12, 647386.
  • 30. Beranuy M, Oberst U, Carbonell X, Chamarro A. Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students: the role of emotional intelligence. Comput Hum Behav. 2009;25(5): 1182–1187.
  • 31. Hong FY, Chiu SI, Huang DH. A model of the relationship between psychological characteristics, mobile phone addiction and use of mobile phones by Taiwanese university female students. Comput Hum Behav. 2012;28(6): 2152–2159.
  • 32. Apak E, Yaman ÖM. Üniversite öğrencilerinde nomofobi yaygınlığı ve nomofobi ile sosyal fobi arasındaki ilişki: Bingöl Üniversitesi örneklemi. Addicta. 2019; 6(3), 611-629. doi; 10.15805/addicta.2019.6.3.0078.
  • 33. King ALS, Valença AM, Silva ACO, Baczynski T, Carvalho MR, NardiAE. Nomophobia: Dependency on virtual environments or social phobia?. Comput Hum Behav. 2013; 29(1), 140-144. doi; 10.1016/j.chb.2012.07.025.
  • 34. Fullwood C, Quinn S, Kaye LK, Redding C. My virtual friend: A qualitative analysis of the attitudes and experiences of Smartphone users: Implications for Smartphone attachment. Vol. 75, Comput Hum Behav. Pergamon; 2017.
  • 35. López-Valenciano A, Suárez-Iglesias D, Sanchez-Lastra MA, Ayán C. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on university students’ physical activity levels: An early systematic review. Front Psychol. 2021; 11, 624567.
  • 36. Torlak MS, Gerçek H, Ünüvar BS. Relationship between physical activity and Nomophobia in university students: A cross-sectional study. Addicta. 2022; 9(2), 176-181.
  • 37. AlMarzooqi MA, Alhaj OA, Alrasheed MM, Helmy M, Trabelsi K, Ebrahim A, Hattab S, Jahrami HA, Saad HB. Symptoms of nomophobia, psychological aspects, insomnia and physical activity: A cross-sectional study of esports players in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare. 2022, 10, 257.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Rehabilitation, Digital Health
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Rabia Tuğba Tekin 0000-0002-3276-5097

Hilal Aslan 0000-0002-6944-0595

Project Number 10-494
Publication Date April 30, 2025
Submission Date December 11, 2024
Acceptance Date February 12, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tekin, R. T., & Aslan, H. (2025). NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697
AMA Tekin RT, Aslan H. NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Gazi Sağlık Bil. April 2025;10(1):1-10. doi:10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697
Chicago Tekin, Rabia Tuğba, and Hilal Aslan. “NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY”. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 10, no. 1 (April 2025): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697.
EndNote Tekin RT, Aslan H (April 1, 2025) NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 10 1 1–10.
IEEE R. T. Tekin and H. Aslan, “NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY”, Gazi Sağlık Bil, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2025, doi: 10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697.
ISNAD Tekin, Rabia Tuğba - Aslan, Hilal. “NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY”. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 10/1 (April 2025), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697.
JAMA Tekin RT, Aslan H. NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Gazi Sağlık Bil. 2025;10:1–10.
MLA Tekin, Rabia Tuğba and Hilal Aslan. “NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY”. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 1, 2025, pp. 1-10, doi:10.52881/gsbdergi.1599697.
Vancouver Tekin RT, Aslan H. NOMOPHOBIA LEVELS OF FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES STUDENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Gazi Sağlık Bil. 2025;10(1):1-10.
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