Abstract
References
- [1] Richardson, S. D., & Postigo, C. (2018). Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry of Emerging Disinfection By-products. Advances in the Use of Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS): Instrumentation Developments and Applications, 79, 267.
- [2] Zhong, X., Cui, C., & Yu, S. (2017). Seasonal evaluation of disinfection by-products throughout two full-scale drinking water treatment plants. Chemosphere, 179, 290-297.
- [3] Manasfi, T., Coulomb, B., & Boudenne, J. L. (2017). Occurrence, origin, and toxicity of disinfection byproducts in chlorinated swimming pools: An overview. International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 220(3), 591-603.
- [4] Bond, T., Huang, J., Graham, N. J., & Templeton, M. R. (2014). Examining the interrelationship between DOC, bromide and chlorine dose on DBP formation in drinking water—A case study. Science of the Total Environment, 470, 469-479.
- [5] Wang, Y. H., & Chen, K. C. (2014). Removal of disinfection by-products from contaminated water using a synthetic goethite catalyst via catalytic ozonation and a biofiltration system. International journal of environmental research and public health, 11(9), 9325-9344.
- [6] Wang, W. L., Zhang, X., Wu, Q. Y., Du, Y., & Hu, H. Y. (2017). Degradation of natural organic matter by UV/chlorine oxidation: molecular decomposition, formation of oxidation byproducts and cytotoxicity. Water research, 124, 251-258.
- [7] Skeriotis, A. T., Sanchez, N. P., Kennedy, M., Johnstone, D. W., & Miller, C. M. (2016). Long-term comparison of disinfection by-product formation potential in a full scale treatment plant utilizing a multi-coagulant drinking water treatment scheme. Water, 8(8), 318.
- [8] USEPA, (1995). "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water- Supplement III", August 1995, EPA/600/R- 95/131 .
- [9] Shaibu-Imodagbe, E., Okuofu, C. A., Unyimadu, J. P., & Williams, A. B. (2015). Determination of Levels of Regulated and Emerging Trihalomethanes (THMs) Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) in a Community Drinking Water Supply. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 5(6).
- [10] Ministerial Decree No. 458, 2007. Egypt Health Ministry, Ameryia Press.
Abstract
The occurrence of
haloacetic acids (HAAs) was studied in the drinking water samples from Gharbiya
governorate water treatment plants and its water supply network that served
more than 5 million people. Drinking water disinfection by-products are formed
when a disinfectant reacts with natural organic matter and/or bromide/iodide
present in a raw water source.
Trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids are the two most prevalent classes
of DBPs and are regulated by the US Environmental Protection Agency as well as
being subject to World Health Organization guidelines due to their potential
health risk. Drinking water samples were collected from 4 sites monthly over
one year (2017-2018). The aims of the present study are to investigate the
levels of HAAs in Gharbiya governorate (middle of Delta Egypt) drinking water. monochloroacetic
acid ranged from 6.8 to 32.5 µg/L, dichloroacetic acid ranged from 9.8 to 43.7
µg/L, and the trichloroacetic acid ranged from 6.5 to 31.8 µg/L, the minimum
values observed during winter 2018 and the maximum value observed during summer
2017., The HAAs species values were complying with the Egyptian standard
(Ministerial Decree No.458/2007) and as well as WHO 2012) standards for
drinking water.
References
- [1] Richardson, S. D., & Postigo, C. (2018). Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry of Emerging Disinfection By-products. Advances in the Use of Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS): Instrumentation Developments and Applications, 79, 267.
- [2] Zhong, X., Cui, C., & Yu, S. (2017). Seasonal evaluation of disinfection by-products throughout two full-scale drinking water treatment plants. Chemosphere, 179, 290-297.
- [3] Manasfi, T., Coulomb, B., & Boudenne, J. L. (2017). Occurrence, origin, and toxicity of disinfection byproducts in chlorinated swimming pools: An overview. International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 220(3), 591-603.
- [4] Bond, T., Huang, J., Graham, N. J., & Templeton, M. R. (2014). Examining the interrelationship between DOC, bromide and chlorine dose on DBP formation in drinking water—A case study. Science of the Total Environment, 470, 469-479.
- [5] Wang, Y. H., & Chen, K. C. (2014). Removal of disinfection by-products from contaminated water using a synthetic goethite catalyst via catalytic ozonation and a biofiltration system. International journal of environmental research and public health, 11(9), 9325-9344.
- [6] Wang, W. L., Zhang, X., Wu, Q. Y., Du, Y., & Hu, H. Y. (2017). Degradation of natural organic matter by UV/chlorine oxidation: molecular decomposition, formation of oxidation byproducts and cytotoxicity. Water research, 124, 251-258.
- [7] Skeriotis, A. T., Sanchez, N. P., Kennedy, M., Johnstone, D. W., & Miller, C. M. (2016). Long-term comparison of disinfection by-product formation potential in a full scale treatment plant utilizing a multi-coagulant drinking water treatment scheme. Water, 8(8), 318.
- [8] USEPA, (1995). "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water- Supplement III", August 1995, EPA/600/R- 95/131 .
- [9] Shaibu-Imodagbe, E., Okuofu, C. A., Unyimadu, J. P., & Williams, A. B. (2015). Determination of Levels of Regulated and Emerging Trihalomethanes (THMs) Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) in a Community Drinking Water Supply. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 5(6).
- [10] Ministerial Decree No. 458, 2007. Egypt Health Ministry, Ameryia Press.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Environmental Sciences |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 2, 2018 |
| Submission Date | September 30, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 4 |