Research Article
Effects of Aerobic Training on Biomechanical and Lactate Responses in Sprint Swimming Performance in Adolescent Swimmers
Abstract
The aim of this study was to
determine the effects of aerobic training on biomechanical parameters and
lactate response (La) during sprint swimming test (SST) and evaluate their
relations with the progress of swimming time in adolescent swimmers.
Twenty-eight swimmers (15 males
and 13 females aged 13-16 years) performed an all-out 100-m sprint swimming
test twice pre and post 12 weeks of aerobic training. Basic
anthropometrical measurements including body height, body weight, body fat
percentage and physiological and biomechanical parameters in SST were obtained
and such measurements repeated after 12-week training period. Video analysis
determined the stroke count, stroke rate, stroke length, split time, swimming
speed during 100m-sprint swimming test. Heart rates and blood samples for La
were taken from the fingertip pre exercise and at the fifth minute of recovery.
Results were processed with SPSS 20.0.
The results showed that the swimming
time and stroke count decreased and stroke length, stroke rate and La levels
increased significantly (P<.05 for all). No significant changes was seen in
antropometry. Swimming time was correlated with both biomechanical parameters
and La response. La was also correlated with stroke rate and swimming speed.
In conclusion instead of
excessive training loads, just aerobic training may remarkably contributes to
sprint swimming performance in adolescent swimmers.
References
- Amaro, N., Marinho, D. A., Batalha, N., Marques, M. C., & Morouço, P. (2014). Reliability of tethered swimming evaluation in age group swimmers. Journal of Human Kinetics, 41:155–162.
- Barbosa, T. M., Bragada, J. A., Reis, V. M., Marinho, D. A., Carvalho, C., & Silva, A. J. (2010). Energetics and biomechanics as determining factors of swimming performance: updating the state of the art. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(2):262–269.
- Craig, A. B., Skehan, P. L., Pawelczyk, J. A., & Boomer, W. L. (1985). Velocity, stroke rate, and distance per stroke during elite swimming competition. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 17(6):625–634.
- Grimston, S. K., & Hay, J. G. (1986). Relationships among anthropometric and stroking characteristics of college swimmers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 18(1):60–68.
- Komar, J., Leprêtre, P. M., Alberty, M., Vantorre, J., Fernandes, R. J., Hellard, P., Chollet, D., Seifert, L. (2012). Effect of increasing energy cost on arm coordination in elite sprint swimmers. Human Movement Science, 31(3):620–629.
- Lätt, E., Jürimäe, J., Haljaste, K., Cicchella, A., Purge, P., & Jürimäe, T. (2009). Longitudinal development of physical and performance parameters during biological maturation of young male swimmers. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 108(1):297–307.
- Pelarigo, J. G., Machado, L., Fernandes, R. J., Greco, C. C., & Vilas-Boas, J. P. (2017). Oxygen uptake kinetics and energy system’s contribution around maximal lactate steady state swimming intensity. PloS One, 12(2):e0167263.
- Schnitzler, C., Seifert, L., Chollet, D., & Toussaint, H. (2014). Effect of aerobic training on inter-arm coordination in highly trained swimmers. Human Movement Science, 33:43–53.
- Siervogel, R. M., Demerath, E. W., Schubert, C., Remsberg, K. E., Chumlea, W. C., Sun, S., Czerwinski S.A., Towne, B. (2003). Puberty and body composition. Hormone Research, 60(Suppl 1):36–45.
- Sousa, A., Vilas-Boas, J. P., Fernandes, R. J., & Figueiredo, P. (2017). VO2 at Maximal and Supramaximal Intensities: Lessons to High-Intensity Interval Training in Swimming. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(7):872–877.
- Toskić, D., Lilić, L., & Toskić, L. (2016). Correlation between morphological characteristics, bio-mechanic characteristics of the stroke and swimming velocity among pubescent swimmers. Research in Kinesiology, 44(1):49-53.
- Wakayoshi, K., Yoshida, T., Ikuta, Y., Mutoh, Y., & Miyashita, M. (1993). Adaptations to six months of aerobic swim training. Changes in velocity, stroke rate, stroke length and blood lactate. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 14(7):368–372.
- Zampagni, M. L., Casino, D., Benelli, P., Visani, A., Marcacci, M., & De Vito, G. (2008). Anthropometric and strength variables to predict freestyle performance times in elite master swimmers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(4):1298–1307.
Year 2017,
Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 300 - 305, 30.12.2017
Abstract
References
- Amaro, N., Marinho, D. A., Batalha, N., Marques, M. C., & Morouço, P. (2014). Reliability of tethered swimming evaluation in age group swimmers. Journal of Human Kinetics, 41:155–162.
- Barbosa, T. M., Bragada, J. A., Reis, V. M., Marinho, D. A., Carvalho, C., & Silva, A. J. (2010). Energetics and biomechanics as determining factors of swimming performance: updating the state of the art. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(2):262–269.
- Craig, A. B., Skehan, P. L., Pawelczyk, J. A., & Boomer, W. L. (1985). Velocity, stroke rate, and distance per stroke during elite swimming competition. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 17(6):625–634.
- Grimston, S. K., & Hay, J. G. (1986). Relationships among anthropometric and stroking characteristics of college swimmers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 18(1):60–68.
- Komar, J., Leprêtre, P. M., Alberty, M., Vantorre, J., Fernandes, R. J., Hellard, P., Chollet, D., Seifert, L. (2012). Effect of increasing energy cost on arm coordination in elite sprint swimmers. Human Movement Science, 31(3):620–629.
- Lätt, E., Jürimäe, J., Haljaste, K., Cicchella, A., Purge, P., & Jürimäe, T. (2009). Longitudinal development of physical and performance parameters during biological maturation of young male swimmers. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 108(1):297–307.
- Pelarigo, J. G., Machado, L., Fernandes, R. J., Greco, C. C., & Vilas-Boas, J. P. (2017). Oxygen uptake kinetics and energy system’s contribution around maximal lactate steady state swimming intensity. PloS One, 12(2):e0167263.
- Schnitzler, C., Seifert, L., Chollet, D., & Toussaint, H. (2014). Effect of aerobic training on inter-arm coordination in highly trained swimmers. Human Movement Science, 33:43–53.
- Siervogel, R. M., Demerath, E. W., Schubert, C., Remsberg, K. E., Chumlea, W. C., Sun, S., Czerwinski S.A., Towne, B. (2003). Puberty and body composition. Hormone Research, 60(Suppl 1):36–45.
- Sousa, A., Vilas-Boas, J. P., Fernandes, R. J., & Figueiredo, P. (2017). VO2 at Maximal and Supramaximal Intensities: Lessons to High-Intensity Interval Training in Swimming. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(7):872–877.
- Toskić, D., Lilić, L., & Toskić, L. (2016). Correlation between morphological characteristics, bio-mechanic characteristics of the stroke and swimming velocity among pubescent swimmers. Research in Kinesiology, 44(1):49-53.
- Wakayoshi, K., Yoshida, T., Ikuta, Y., Mutoh, Y., & Miyashita, M. (1993). Adaptations to six months of aerobic swim training. Changes in velocity, stroke rate, stroke length and blood lactate. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 14(7):368–372.
- Zampagni, M. L., Casino, D., Benelli, P., Visani, A., Marcacci, M., & De Vito, G. (2008). Anthropometric and strength variables to predict freestyle performance times in elite master swimmers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(4):1298–1307.
There are 13 citations in total.
Details
| Journal Section | Research |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2017 |
| Submission Date | October 19, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | November 29, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 |
Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi