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Kültür Kavramının Sosyal Tarihteki Evrimi

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 202 - 218, 30.06.2018

Erdem Erciyes

Abstract

Bu araştırma, sosyal ve tarihsel gelişmelerin kültür
kavramı üzerindeki etkisini açıklığa kavuşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. Kültürün
gerçekliği ekonomik, sosyal, politik, kültürel ve tarihsel gelişmelerle
şekillenmektedir. Buna ek olarak, araştırmacının kültürel araştırmalar
üzerindeki deneyimleri nedeniyle, araştırmacı ve araştırma konusu birbirine
bağlıdır ve araştırmacının kişisel değerleri araştırmayı etkilemektedir. Bundan
dolayı sonuçlar özneldir ve bir denge kurmak için araştırmacı ve araştırma
konusu arasında diyaloğa ihtiyaç olmaktadır. Tüm bu nedenlerle, araştırmanın
felsefi perspektifi eleştirisel teoriyle birlikte fenomenolojiye dayanmaktadır.
Bu araştırma kültürel ve sosyal tarih anlayışlarına katkıda bulunmaktadır.
Örgüt kültürü ve ulusal kültür ayrılmış kavramlardır, ancak çalışma pratiği
üzerine düşündükleri zaman, bu kavramlar kesişir ve etkileşir. Daha ileri
araştırmalar, ulusal ve örgütsel kültür boyutunun çelişmesi üzerine
odaklanabilir.

Keywords

Eleştirisel teori kültür milli kültür örgütsel kültür sosyal tarih

References

  • Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Boas, F. (1896). The Limitations of the Comparative Method of Anthropology. Science 4, 901-908.
  • Boas, F. (1959). Introduction. In Patterns of Culture. Benedict, R. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Bois, C.D. (1971). General and Theoretical. American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol.73, No.6, 1291-1293.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction. Oxon: Routledge.
  • Brannen, M.Y. (2003). What is Culture and Why Does It Matter. In Boyacigiller, N.A., Goodman, R.A. and Philips, M.E. (eds.), Crossing Cultures, London: Routledge.
  • Carrol, D.T. (1983). A Disappointing Search for Excellence. Harvard Business Review, 61, 78-88.
  • Cole, R. (1971). Japanese Blue Collar: The Changing Tradition. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Comtè, A. (1865). A General View of Positivism. Trans. by J.H. Bridges. London: Trubner and Co.
  • Cyert, R.M., and March, J.G. (1963). A Behavioural Theory of The Firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Darwin, C. (1859). The Origin of Species, London: John Murray.
  • Deal, T.E. and Kennedy, A.A. (1999). The New Corporate Cultures: Revitalizing the Workplace After Downsizing, Mergers and Reengineering. Reading: MA: Perseus Books.
  • Deci, E.L. (1975). Intrinsic Motivation. New York: Plenum.
  • Dore, R. (1973). British Factory-Japanese Factory: The Origins of National Diversity in Industrial Relations. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Durkheim, E. (1912/1954). The elementary forms of religious life. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
  • Durkheim, E. (1933). The Division of Labour in Society. Trans. by W.D. Halls, New York: Free Press.
  • Edgar, A. and Sedwick, P. (eds.) (1999). Key Concepts in Cultural Theory. London: Routledge.
  • Eriksen, T.H. and Nielsen, F.S. (2001). A History of Anthropology, London: Pluto Press.
  • Fang, T. (2012). Yin Yang: A New Perspective on Culture. Management and Organizational Review, 8:1, 25-50.
  • Fox, Robin, (1985). Culture. In Kuper, A & Kuper, J (eds), The Social Science Encyclopedia, London: Routledge.
  • Freud, S. (1930). Civilization and Its Discontents. London: Hogarth Press.
  • Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
  • Gobineau, A. De (1854/1915). The Inequality of Human Races. Trans. By A. Collins, London: William Heinemann.
  • Grenfell, M. (2014). Introduction. In M. Grenfell (ed.), Pierre Bourdieu Key Concepts, 2nd Edn. London: Routledge.
  • Guba, E.G and Lincoln, Y.S. (1994). Competing Paradigms in Qualitative Research, in N.Denzin, and Y.S Lincoln (eds), Handbook of Qualitative Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications,105-117.
  • Hamden-Turner, and C. Trompenaars, (2004). Building Cross-Cultural Competence: How to create wealth from conflicting values, 2nd ed. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Harris, M. (1968). The Rise of Anthropological Theory: A History of Theories of Culture. New York: T.Y.Crowell.
  • Harris, M. (1979/2001). Cultural Materialism, New York: Altamira Press.
  • Hatch, E. (1973). Theories of Man and Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Hendry, J. (2008). An Introduction to Social Anthropology, 2nd edn., Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., Peterson, R., and Capwell, D. (1957). Job Attitudes: Review of Research and Opinion. Pittsburgh, PA: Psychological Service of Pittsburgh.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences, 2nd edn. London: Sage Publications. First edition published in 1980.
  • Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G.J., and Minkov, M., (2010). Cultures and Organizations, 3d edn. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing.
  • Honderich, T. (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • House, R. J, Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W. and Gupta, V., (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. California: SAGE Publications.
  • Howell, K.E. (2013). An Introduction to the Philosophy of Methodology, London: SAGE Publications.
  • Hsu, Shih-Yun, Woodside, A.G. and Marshall, R. (2013). Critical Tests of Multiple Theories of Cultures’ Consequences, Journal of Travel Research, 52(6), 679 –704.
  • Kalberg, S. (2012). Max Weber’s Comparative-Historical Sociology Today. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
  • Kluckhohn, C. (1951). Values and Value-orientations in the Theory of Action: An Exploration in Definition and Classification. In T. Parsons & E. Shils (Eds.), Toward a General Theory of Action (pp.388-433). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Kluckhohn, F.R. and Strodtbeck, F.L., (1961). Variations in Value Orientations. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
  • Kohn, M.L., & Schooler, C. (1983). Work and personality. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
  • Korman, A. (1974). The Psychology of Motivation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Kuper, A (1985). Cultural Anthropology. In Kuper, A & Kuper, J (eds), The Social Science Encyclopedia, London: Routledge.
  • Legge, K. (2005). Human Resource Management: Rhetorics and Realities, Palgrave: New York.
  • Marsh, R.M. and Mannari, H. (1971). Lifetime Commitment in Japan: Roles, Norms and Values. American Journal of Sociology, 76, 795-813.
  • Maslow, A.H. (1965). Eupsychian Management. Homewood, IL: Dorsey.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achieving Society. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1985a). Human Motivation. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1985b). How motives, skills, and values determine what people do. American Psychologist, 40(7), 812-825.
  • McSweeney, B. (2002). Hofstede’s Model of National Culture Differences and Their Consequences: A Triumph of Faith- A Failure of Analysis, Human Relations, 55(1), 89-118.
  • Mead, M. (1970). Culture and Commitment: A Study of the Generation Gap. London: The Bodley Head Limited.
  • Meletinsky, E.M. (2000). The Poetics of Myth. Trans. by G. Lanoue and A. Sadetsky, New York: Routledge.
  • Moberg, M. (2013). Engaging Anthropological Theory, London: Routledge.
  • Moore, J.D. (2012). Visions of Culture. Plymouth: Alta Mira Press.
  • Morton, S.G. (1839). Crania Americana; or A Comparative View of the Skulls of Various Aboriginal Nations of North and South America. Philadelphia, J.Dobson.
  • Morris, C.W. (1956). Varieties of Human Value. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Mulder, M. (1976). Reduction of Power Differences in Practice: The Power Distance Reduction Theory and Its Applications. In G. Hofstede and M.S. Kassem (Eds.), European Contributions to organization theory (79-94). Assen, Netherlands: Van Gorcum.
  • Mulder, M. (1977). The Daily Power Game. Leiden, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.
  • Mulder, M., Ritsema van Eck, J.R., and De Jong, R.D. (1971). An Organization in Crisis and Non-Crisis Situations. Human Relations, 24, 19-41.
  • Ouchi, W.G. (1981). Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Ouchi, W.G. and Price, R.L. (1978). Hierarchies, Clans, and Theory Z: A new Perspective on Organization Development. Organizational Dynamics, Autumn, 25-44.
  • Ouchi, W.G. and Wilkins, A.L. (1985). Organizational Culture. Annual Review Sociology, 11, 457-483.
  • Parsons, T. (1951). The Social System. Glencoe, Il: Free Press.
  • Pascale, R.T. and Athos, A.G. (1981). The Art of Japanese Management. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Peterson, M.F. (1988). PM Theory in Japan and China: What’s in it for the United States? Organizational Dynamics, 16(4), 22-38.
  • Pettigrew, A.M. (1979). On Studying Organizational Cultures. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 570-581.
  • Pettigrew, A.M. (2000). Foreword. In Ashkanasy, N.M., Wilderom, C.P.M. and Peterson, M.F. (eds.), Handbook of Organizational Culture & Climate. London: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Putnam, R.D. (1993). Making Democracy Work. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Rapport, N. and Overing, J. (2000). Social and Cultural Anthropology. London: Routledge.
  • Schroeder, R. (1992). Max Weber and the Sociology of Culture. London: Sage Publications.
  • Reynolds, P.D. (1986). Organizational Culture as Related to Industry, Position, and Performance: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Management Studies, 23, 333-345.
  • Schein, E.H. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 3d ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1992). The universal content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25:1– 62.
  • Schwartz, S.H. (1999). A theory of Cultural Values and Some Implications for Work, International Association of Applied Psychology, 48(1), 23-47.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (2006). A theory of cultural value orientations: Explication and applications. Comparative Sociology, 5(2-3), 137-182.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (2012). An Overview of the Schwartz Theory of Basic Values. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1116.
  • Siehl, C. and Martin, J. (1981). Learning Organizational Culture. Working Paper, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University.
  • Smircich, L. (1983). Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis, Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(3), 339-358.
  • Stocking, G.W. (1966). Franz Boas and The Culture Concept In Historical Perspective. American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol, No.68: 867-882.
  • Tichy, N.M. (1982). Managing Change Strategically: The Technical, Political and Cultural Keys. Organizational Dynamics, Autumn, 59-80.
  • Trompenaars, F., and Hampden-Turner, C. (1999). Riding the Waves of culture: Understanding Cultural Diversity in Global Business. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw – Hill.
  • Tylor, E.B. (1871). Primitive Culture. London: J. Murray.
  • Xenikou, A. and Furnham, A. (2013). Group Dynamics & Organizational Culture. London: Palgrave Millan.
  • Vogel, E. (1979). Japan as Number One: Lessons for America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Vogt, C.C. (1864). Lectures on Man: His Place in Creation and in the History of Earth. London: Anthropological Society of London.
  • Wacquant, L. (2008). Pierre Bourdieu. In R. Stones (Ed.), Key Sociological Thinkers. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Waisfisz, B. (2007). An Organizational Cultural Perspective. Itim Focus. Available through http://geerthofstede.com/tl_files/art%20organisational%20culture%20perspective.pdf
  • Weber, M. (1930/2001). The Protestant Ethic and The Spirit of Capitalism. London: Routledge.
  • Weber, M. (1947). The Theory of Social and Economic Organizations. Henderson, A.M and Parsons, T. (Trans.), Parsons, T. (ed.), New York: The Free Press.
  • Weber, M. (1978). Economy and Society. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Williams, R. M., Jr. (1968). Values. In E. Sills (Ed.), International Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences. New York: Macmillan.
  • Wilson, J. (1973). Introduction to Social Movements. New York: Basic Books.

The Evolution of Culture Concept in the Social History

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 202 - 218, 30.06.2018

Erdem Erciyes

Abstract

This research aims to clarify impact of social and
historical developments on culture concept. Reality of culture is shaped by
economic, social, political, cultural and historical developments. In addition,
due to researcher’s experience on cultural studies, the researcher and the
research subject are linked and personal values of researcher influence the
inquiry. Therefore, results are subjective and there is a need for dialogue
between researcher and research subject in order to strike a balance. To these
effects, the research philosophical perspective leans heavily on
“phenomenology” with critical theory. 
This research contributes to the understanding of both cultural and
social history. Organizational culture and national culture are separated
concepts, but when they reflect on work practice, these concepts intersect and
interact. Further researches may focus on contradiction of national and
organizational culture dimension. 

Keywords

Critical theory culture national culture organizational culture social history

References

  • Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Boas, F. (1896). The Limitations of the Comparative Method of Anthropology. Science 4, 901-908.
  • Boas, F. (1959). Introduction. In Patterns of Culture. Benedict, R. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Bois, C.D. (1971). General and Theoretical. American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol.73, No.6, 1291-1293.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction. Oxon: Routledge.
  • Brannen, M.Y. (2003). What is Culture and Why Does It Matter. In Boyacigiller, N.A., Goodman, R.A. and Philips, M.E. (eds.), Crossing Cultures, London: Routledge.
  • Carrol, D.T. (1983). A Disappointing Search for Excellence. Harvard Business Review, 61, 78-88.
  • Cole, R. (1971). Japanese Blue Collar: The Changing Tradition. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Comtè, A. (1865). A General View of Positivism. Trans. by J.H. Bridges. London: Trubner and Co.
  • Cyert, R.M., and March, J.G. (1963). A Behavioural Theory of The Firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Darwin, C. (1859). The Origin of Species, London: John Murray.
  • Deal, T.E. and Kennedy, A.A. (1999). The New Corporate Cultures: Revitalizing the Workplace After Downsizing, Mergers and Reengineering. Reading: MA: Perseus Books.
  • Deci, E.L. (1975). Intrinsic Motivation. New York: Plenum.
  • Dore, R. (1973). British Factory-Japanese Factory: The Origins of National Diversity in Industrial Relations. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Durkheim, E. (1912/1954). The elementary forms of religious life. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
  • Durkheim, E. (1933). The Division of Labour in Society. Trans. by W.D. Halls, New York: Free Press.
  • Edgar, A. and Sedwick, P. (eds.) (1999). Key Concepts in Cultural Theory. London: Routledge.
  • Eriksen, T.H. and Nielsen, F.S. (2001). A History of Anthropology, London: Pluto Press.
  • Fang, T. (2012). Yin Yang: A New Perspective on Culture. Management and Organizational Review, 8:1, 25-50.
  • Fox, Robin, (1985). Culture. In Kuper, A & Kuper, J (eds), The Social Science Encyclopedia, London: Routledge.
  • Freud, S. (1930). Civilization and Its Discontents. London: Hogarth Press.
  • Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
  • Gobineau, A. De (1854/1915). The Inequality of Human Races. Trans. By A. Collins, London: William Heinemann.
  • Grenfell, M. (2014). Introduction. In M. Grenfell (ed.), Pierre Bourdieu Key Concepts, 2nd Edn. London: Routledge.
  • Guba, E.G and Lincoln, Y.S. (1994). Competing Paradigms in Qualitative Research, in N.Denzin, and Y.S Lincoln (eds), Handbook of Qualitative Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications,105-117.
  • Hamden-Turner, and C. Trompenaars, (2004). Building Cross-Cultural Competence: How to create wealth from conflicting values, 2nd ed. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Harris, M. (1968). The Rise of Anthropological Theory: A History of Theories of Culture. New York: T.Y.Crowell.
  • Harris, M. (1979/2001). Cultural Materialism, New York: Altamira Press.
  • Hatch, E. (1973). Theories of Man and Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Hendry, J. (2008). An Introduction to Social Anthropology, 2nd edn., Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., Peterson, R., and Capwell, D. (1957). Job Attitudes: Review of Research and Opinion. Pittsburgh, PA: Psychological Service of Pittsburgh.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences, 2nd edn. London: Sage Publications. First edition published in 1980.
  • Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G.J., and Minkov, M., (2010). Cultures and Organizations, 3d edn. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing.
  • Honderich, T. (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • House, R. J, Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W. and Gupta, V., (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies. California: SAGE Publications.
  • Howell, K.E. (2013). An Introduction to the Philosophy of Methodology, London: SAGE Publications.
  • Hsu, Shih-Yun, Woodside, A.G. and Marshall, R. (2013). Critical Tests of Multiple Theories of Cultures’ Consequences, Journal of Travel Research, 52(6), 679 –704.
  • Kalberg, S. (2012). Max Weber’s Comparative-Historical Sociology Today. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
  • Kluckhohn, C. (1951). Values and Value-orientations in the Theory of Action: An Exploration in Definition and Classification. In T. Parsons & E. Shils (Eds.), Toward a General Theory of Action (pp.388-433). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Kluckhohn, F.R. and Strodtbeck, F.L., (1961). Variations in Value Orientations. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
  • Kohn, M.L., & Schooler, C. (1983). Work and personality. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
  • Korman, A. (1974). The Psychology of Motivation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Kuper, A (1985). Cultural Anthropology. In Kuper, A & Kuper, J (eds), The Social Science Encyclopedia, London: Routledge.
  • Legge, K. (2005). Human Resource Management: Rhetorics and Realities, Palgrave: New York.
  • Marsh, R.M. and Mannari, H. (1971). Lifetime Commitment in Japan: Roles, Norms and Values. American Journal of Sociology, 76, 795-813.
  • Maslow, A.H. (1965). Eupsychian Management. Homewood, IL: Dorsey.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achieving Society. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1985a). Human Motivation. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1985b). How motives, skills, and values determine what people do. American Psychologist, 40(7), 812-825.
  • McSweeney, B. (2002). Hofstede’s Model of National Culture Differences and Their Consequences: A Triumph of Faith- A Failure of Analysis, Human Relations, 55(1), 89-118.
  • Mead, M. (1970). Culture and Commitment: A Study of the Generation Gap. London: The Bodley Head Limited.
  • Meletinsky, E.M. (2000). The Poetics of Myth. Trans. by G. Lanoue and A. Sadetsky, New York: Routledge.
  • Moberg, M. (2013). Engaging Anthropological Theory, London: Routledge.
  • Moore, J.D. (2012). Visions of Culture. Plymouth: Alta Mira Press.
  • Morton, S.G. (1839). Crania Americana; or A Comparative View of the Skulls of Various Aboriginal Nations of North and South America. Philadelphia, J.Dobson.
  • Morris, C.W. (1956). Varieties of Human Value. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Mulder, M. (1976). Reduction of Power Differences in Practice: The Power Distance Reduction Theory and Its Applications. In G. Hofstede and M.S. Kassem (Eds.), European Contributions to organization theory (79-94). Assen, Netherlands: Van Gorcum.
  • Mulder, M. (1977). The Daily Power Game. Leiden, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.
  • Mulder, M., Ritsema van Eck, J.R., and De Jong, R.D. (1971). An Organization in Crisis and Non-Crisis Situations. Human Relations, 24, 19-41.
  • Ouchi, W.G. (1981). Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Ouchi, W.G. and Price, R.L. (1978). Hierarchies, Clans, and Theory Z: A new Perspective on Organization Development. Organizational Dynamics, Autumn, 25-44.
  • Ouchi, W.G. and Wilkins, A.L. (1985). Organizational Culture. Annual Review Sociology, 11, 457-483.
  • Parsons, T. (1951). The Social System. Glencoe, Il: Free Press.
  • Pascale, R.T. and Athos, A.G. (1981). The Art of Japanese Management. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Peterson, M.F. (1988). PM Theory in Japan and China: What’s in it for the United States? Organizational Dynamics, 16(4), 22-38.
  • Pettigrew, A.M. (1979). On Studying Organizational Cultures. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 570-581.
  • Pettigrew, A.M. (2000). Foreword. In Ashkanasy, N.M., Wilderom, C.P.M. and Peterson, M.F. (eds.), Handbook of Organizational Culture & Climate. London: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Putnam, R.D. (1993). Making Democracy Work. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Rapport, N. and Overing, J. (2000). Social and Cultural Anthropology. London: Routledge.
  • Schroeder, R. (1992). Max Weber and the Sociology of Culture. London: Sage Publications.
  • Reynolds, P.D. (1986). Organizational Culture as Related to Industry, Position, and Performance: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Management Studies, 23, 333-345.
  • Schein, E.H. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 3d ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1992). The universal content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25:1– 62.
  • Schwartz, S.H. (1999). A theory of Cultural Values and Some Implications for Work, International Association of Applied Psychology, 48(1), 23-47.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (2006). A theory of cultural value orientations: Explication and applications. Comparative Sociology, 5(2-3), 137-182.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (2012). An Overview of the Schwartz Theory of Basic Values. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1116.
  • Siehl, C. and Martin, J. (1981). Learning Organizational Culture. Working Paper, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University.
  • Smircich, L. (1983). Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis, Administrative Science Quarterly, 28(3), 339-358.
  • Stocking, G.W. (1966). Franz Boas and The Culture Concept In Historical Perspective. American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol, No.68: 867-882.
  • Tichy, N.M. (1982). Managing Change Strategically: The Technical, Political and Cultural Keys. Organizational Dynamics, Autumn, 59-80.
  • Trompenaars, F., and Hampden-Turner, C. (1999). Riding the Waves of culture: Understanding Cultural Diversity in Global Business. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw – Hill.
  • Tylor, E.B. (1871). Primitive Culture. London: J. Murray.
  • Xenikou, A. and Furnham, A. (2013). Group Dynamics & Organizational Culture. London: Palgrave Millan.
  • Vogel, E. (1979). Japan as Number One: Lessons for America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Vogt, C.C. (1864). Lectures on Man: His Place in Creation and in the History of Earth. London: Anthropological Society of London.
  • Wacquant, L. (2008). Pierre Bourdieu. In R. Stones (Ed.), Key Sociological Thinkers. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Waisfisz, B. (2007). An Organizational Cultural Perspective. Itim Focus. Available through http://geerthofstede.com/tl_files/art%20organisational%20culture%20perspective.pdf
  • Weber, M. (1930/2001). The Protestant Ethic and The Spirit of Capitalism. London: Routledge.
  • Weber, M. (1947). The Theory of Social and Economic Organizations. Henderson, A.M and Parsons, T. (Trans.), Parsons, T. (ed.), New York: The Free Press.
  • Weber, M. (1978). Economy and Society. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Williams, R. M., Jr. (1968). Values. In E. Sills (Ed.), International Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences. New York: Macmillan.
  • Wilson, J. (1973). Introduction to Social Movements. New York: Basic Books.
There are 92 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section Review
Authors

Erdem Erciyes

Publication Date June 30, 2018
Submission Date March 2, 2018
Acceptance Date May 16, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Erciyes, E. (2018). The Evolution of Culture Concept in the Social History. Uluslararası Kültürel Ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(1), 202-218.
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Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi