7075 Alüminyum Alaşımı Yüzeyinde Zn İçeren Soğuk Püskürtme Tabakası Üzerinde Oluşturulan Mikro Ark Oksidasyon Kaplamaların Tribolojik Performansının İyileştirilmesi
Abstract
Alüminyum alaşımları, yüksek mukavemet/ağırlık oranları ve korozyon dirençleri nedeniyle çeşitli endüstrilerde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır; ancak düşük aşınma dirençleri, zorlu koşullarda kullanımlarını sınırlandırmaktadır. Yüzey modifikasyon işlemleri, bu alaşımların aşınma davranışını iyileştirerek uygulama alanlarını genişletebilme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, 7075 alüminyum alaşımı üzerine soğuk püskürtme (CS) yöntemiyle biriktirilen Al-Zn tabakalar üzerinde oluşturulan mikro-ark oksidasyon (MAO) kaplamalarının mikroyapısal özellikleri ve tribolojik davranışları incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, CS tabakasındaki Zn miktarının (ağırlıkça %0'dan %60'a kadar) üretilen MAO kaplamalarının özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Kaplamaların karakterizasyonu X-ışını kırınımı (XRD), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve Al₂O₃ bilya ile gerçekleştirilen kuru kayma aşınma testleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. MAO kaplamaları, ortalama olarak yaklaşık 25 µm kalınlığa sahiptir ancak %60 Zn içeren CS tabakasındaki MAO kaplama tabakası yaklaşık 15 µm kalınlığa düşmüştür. MAO uygulanmış Al-Zn kaplamaları, ağırlıklı olarak α-Al₂O₃ ve γ-Al₂O₃ fazları ile birlikte ZnO'dan oluşmuştur. Aşınma testleri sonuçları, en düşük sürtünme katsayısının (COF = 0,18; 1 N yük altında) ve en yüksek aşınma direncinin, %30 Zn içeren CS tabakası üzerine uygulanan MAO kaplamasında elde edildiğini göstermiştir. Buna karşın, %60 Zn içeren CS tabakasında oluşturulan MAO kaplamasında benzer tribolojik özellikler elde edilememiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmanın ön bulguları değerlendirildiği zaman, düşük sürtünme katsayısı ve yüksek aşınma direncinin gerekli olduğu endüstriyel uygulamalarda CS ve MAO kaplama proseslerinin alüminyum alaşımlarının kullanımını genişletme potansiyeline sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir.
References
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- Gándara, M. J. F. (2013). Aluminium: The metal of choice. Materiali in Tehnologije, 47(3), 261–265.
- Jiang, B. L., & Wang, Y. M. (2010). Plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment of aluminium and titanium alloys. In Woodhead Publishing Series in Metals and Surface Engineering (pp. 110–154). Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited. Retrieved from https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845699451.2.110
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- Lu, X., Mohedano, M., Blawert, C., Matykina, E., Arrabal, R., Kainer, K. U., & Zheludkevich, M. L. (2016). Plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings with particle additions – A review. Surface and Coatings Technology, 307, 1165–1182. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.08.055
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- Muhaffel, F., Baydogan, M., & Cimenoglu, H. (2021). A study to enhance the mechanical durability of the MAO coating fabricated on the 7075 Al alloy for wear-related high temperature applications. Surface and Coatings Technology, 409(October 2020), 126843. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.126843
- Prasad, N. E., & Wanhill, R. J. H. (2016). Aerospace Materials and Material Technology (Vol. 1). Singapore: Springer.
- Rama Krishna, L., Somaraju, K. R. ., & Sundararajan, G. (2003). The tribological performance of ultra-hard ceramic composite coatings obtained through microarc oxidation. Surface and Coatings Technology, 163, 484–490. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00646-1
- Tazegul, O., Muhaffel, F., Meydanoglu, O., Baydogan, M., Kayali, E. S. S., & Cimenoglu, H. (2014). Wear and corrosion characteristics of novel alumina coatings produced by micro arc oxidation on AZ91D magnesium alloy. Surface and Coatings Technology, 258, 168–173. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.09.035
- Yang, X., Chen, L., Jin, X., Du, J., & Xue, W. (2019). Influence of temperature on tribological properties of microarc oxidation coating on 7075 aluminium alloy at 25 °C –300 °C. Ceramics International, 45(9), 12312–12318. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.146
Enhanced Tribological Performance of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coatings on 7075 Aluminium Alloy via Zn-Enriched Cold Spray Layers
Abstract
Aluminium alloys are widely utilized in various industries because of their high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance; however, their low wear resistance restricts their use under severe conditions. Surface engineering processes can improve the wear behavior of these alloys and broaden their range of applications. This study examined the microstructural characteristics and tribological behaviour of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings formed on Al-Zn cold spray (CS) layers deposited over a 7075 aluminium alloy. More specifically, the effect of Zn content of the CS layer (from 0 to 60 wt.%) on the characteristics of the synthesized MAO coatings was examined. The coatings were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dry sliding wear tests conducted against an Al₂O₃ counterface ball. MAO coatings exhibited an average thickness of about 25 µm, except for the CS layer with 60 wt.% Zn, which had a thickness of around 15 µm. MAO’ed Al-Zn coatings consisted mainly of α- and γ-Al₂O₃ phases, together with ZnO. Results of wear tests showed that the MAO coating fabricated on the 30 wt.% Zn containing CS layer has the lowest coefficient of friction (COF = 0.18 at 1 N load) and the highest wear resistance. However, such enhanced tribological characteristics were not obtained from the MAO coating fabricated on the 60 wt.% Zn containing CS layer. It is finally suggested that preliminary findings of this study have the potential to extend the utilization of aluminium alloys in industrial applications where low COF and high wear resistance are required.
References
- Cetiner, D., Atar, E., Derin, B., & Cimenoglu, H. (2020). Thermal oxidation of cold sprayed Ti-5Al-XZn coatings for tribological applications. Materials Letters, 274, 127959. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2020.127959
- Curran, J. A., & Clyne, T. W. (2006). Porosity in plasma electrolytic oxide coatings. Acta Materialia, 54(7), 1985–1993. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2005.12.029
- Gándara, M. J. F. (2013). Aluminium: The metal of choice. Materiali in Tehnologije, 47(3), 261–265.
- Jiang, B. L., & Wang, Y. M. (2010). Plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment of aluminium and titanium alloys. In Woodhead Publishing Series in Metals and Surface Engineering (pp. 110–154). Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited. Retrieved from https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845699451.2.110
- Kaba, M., Muhaffel, F., Malayoglu, U., & Cimenoglu, H. (2024). Surface modification of WE43 Mg alloy via combination of cold spray and micro-arc oxidation for wear related applications at high temperatures. Surface and Coatings Technology, 494(P3), 131530. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131530
- Lu, X., Mohedano, M., Blawert, C., Matykina, E., Arrabal, R., Kainer, K. U., & Zheludkevich, M. L. (2016). Plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings with particle additions – A review. Surface and Coatings Technology, 307, 1165–1182. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.08.055
- Lv, X., Cao, L., Wan, Y., & Xu, T. (2019). Effect of different electrolytes in micro-arc oxidation on corrosion and tribological performance of 7075 aluminum alloy. Materials Research Express, 6(8). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab1da5
- Mohedano, M., & Arrabal, R. (2021). Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coatings. In Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coatings (p. 238). MDPI. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-0553-4
- Muhaffel, F., Baydogan, M., & Cimenoglu, H. (2021). A study to enhance the mechanical durability of the MAO coating fabricated on the 7075 Al alloy for wear-related high temperature applications. Surface and Coatings Technology, 409(October 2020), 126843. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.126843
- Prasad, N. E., & Wanhill, R. J. H. (2016). Aerospace Materials and Material Technology (Vol. 1). Singapore: Springer.
- Rama Krishna, L., Somaraju, K. R. ., & Sundararajan, G. (2003). The tribological performance of ultra-hard ceramic composite coatings obtained through microarc oxidation. Surface and Coatings Technology, 163, 484–490. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00646-1
- Tazegul, O., Muhaffel, F., Meydanoglu, O., Baydogan, M., Kayali, E. S. S., & Cimenoglu, H. (2014). Wear and corrosion characteristics of novel alumina coatings produced by micro arc oxidation on AZ91D magnesium alloy. Surface and Coatings Technology, 258, 168–173. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.09.035
- Yang, X., Chen, L., Jin, X., Du, J., & Xue, W. (2019). Influence of temperature on tribological properties of microarc oxidation coating on 7075 aluminium alloy at 25 °C –300 °C. Ceramics International, 45(9), 12312–12318. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.146
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Plating Technology |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 22, 2025 |
| Submission Date | March 8, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | April 18, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 2 Issue: 1 |