PANDEMİ KARANTİNASI BEBEKLERİN SOSYAL VE İLETİŞİM BECERİLERİNİN GELİŞİMİNİ NASIL ETKİLEDİ? TÜRKİYE'DEN RETROSPEKTİF BİR ÇALIŞMA
Abstract
Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında sınırlı sosyalleşme, çocukların sosyal ve iletişim becerilerini etkileyebilecek faktörlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde 1-2 yaş arası çocukların sosyal iletişim becerilerini değerlendirmeyi ve pandemi öncesi dönemle karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Pandemi öncesinde iki yaşında olan çocuklar (Grup 1) ve pandemi karantinası sırasında iki yaşında olan çocuklar (Grup 2) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Her iki grup için demografik bilgiler, doğumdaki antropometrik ölçümler, gelişimsel kilometre taşlarına ulaşma yaşları, 15 ve 24 aylık Bebekler İçin Sosyal İletişim Alanı Tarama Testi (SİATT) skorları (toplam, konuşma ön cesi beceriler (F1a), kelime kullanımı (F1b), farkındalık becerileri skorları (F2)) ve ekrana maruz kalma süresi tıbbi kayıtlardan toplandı. Bu değişkenlerin iki grup arasında karşılaştırmalı analizleri yapıldı.
Bulgular: Toplam 202 çocuk (Grup 1; n=123, Grup 2; n=79) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Grup 2'de kız çocuklarının oranı daha yük sekti (p=0,041). Doğum haftası, doğum boyu, kilo, baş çevresi ölçümleri ve baş tutma, desteksiz oturma ve bağımsız yürüme başlangıç zamanları açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Grup 2'de 15 ve 24. aylarda ≥2 saat ekrana maruz kalma süresi daha yüksek saptandı (sırasıyla p=0,110; p=0,014). Sosyal İletişim değerlendirmelerinde, riskli SIATT sonuçları olan çocukların oranı hem 15. hem de 24. ayda Grup 2'de daha yüksekti (sırasıyla p=0,312; p=0,004).
Sonuç: Bulgularımız, COVID-19 pandemisinin 1-2 yaş arası ço cukların sosyal iletişim becerileri üzerinde etkili olabileceğini göstermektedir. Pediatrik sağlık izleminin bir parçası olarak iletişim becerilerinin gelişiminin izlenmesi ve erken müdahalelerle yakından takip edilmesi önemlidir.
Keywords
References
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- Darmiyanti A, Supriadi O, Nurlaeli A. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on language and social development for early childhood children age 4-6 years in Karawang District. IJECES 2021;10(1):27-32. google scholar
- Yoshikawa H, Wuermli AJ, Britto PR, Dreyer B, Leckman JF, Lye SJ, et al. Effects of the global coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic on early childhood development: short-and long-term risks and mitigating program and policy actions. J Pediatr 2020;223:188-93. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Alroqi H, Serratrice L, Cameron-Faulkner T. The association between screen media quantity, content, and context and language development. J Child Lang 2023;50(5):1155-83. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Keskindemirci G, Gökçay G. Screen exposure in children with language delay; results of pilot study. J Ist Faculty Med 2020; 83(1):30-4. google scholar
- Guram S, Heinz P. Media use in children: American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations 2016. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract 2018;103(2):99-101. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Chonchaiya W, Pruksananonda C. Television viewing associates with delayed language development. Acta Paediatrica 2008;97(7):977-82. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Choi EJ, King GK, Duerden EG. Screen time in children and youth during the pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Global Pediatrics 2023;6:100080. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Madigan S, Eirich R, Pador P, McArthur BA, Neville RD. Assessment of changes in child and adolescent screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2022;176(12):1188-98. [CrossRef] google scholar
HOW DID THE PANDEMIC LOCKDOWN AFFECT THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTS’ SOCIAL AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS? A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM TÜRKİYE
Abstract
Objective: Limited socialisation during the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the factors that may affect children’s social and communication skills. In this study, we assessed the social communication skills of children aged 1-2 years during the COVID-19 pandemic period and compare them with the pre-pandemic era.
Material and Methods: Children who were two years old before the pandemic (Group 1) and children who were two years old during the pandemic quarantine (Group 2) were included in the study. For both groups, demographic information, anthropometric measurements at birth, ages at reaching developmental milestones, Social Communication Area Screening Test for Infants (SCASI) scores at 15 and 24 months [total, pre-speech skills (F1a), vocabu lary (F1b), awareness skills scores (F2; n)], and screen time exposu re were collected from medical records. Comparative analyses of these variables between the two groups were performed.
Results: A total of 202 children (Group 1; n=123, Group 2; n=79) were included in the study. The rate of girls was higher in Group 2 (p=0.041). No significant difference was found in terms of birth weeks, birth height, weight, head circumference measurements and the initial times of head holding, sitting without support and walking independently. The screen exposure duration for ≥2 hours at 15 and 24 months was higher in Group 2 (p=0.110; p=0.014, respectively). In the Social Communication assessments, the rate of children with risky SCASI results was higher in Group 2, both at 15 and 24 months (p=0.312; p=0.004, respectively).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic might have an impact on the social communication skills of children aged 1–2 years. It is important to monitor the development of communication skills as a part of paediatric health monitoring and to closely follow up with early interventions.
Ethical Statement
Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee approved the study (Protocol No:2951269).
Supporting Institution
Yok
References
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- Davico C, Ghiggia A, Marcotulli D, Ricci F, Amianto F, Vitiello B. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults and their children in Italy. Front Psychiatry 2021;12:572997. [CrossRef] google scholar
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- Araüjo LAd, Veloso CF, Souza MdC, Azevedo JMCd, Tarro G. The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child growth and development: a systematic review. J Pediatr 2021;97:369-77. [CrossRef] google scholar
- UNICEF. Politika Notu: COVID-19 Salgınının Çocuklar Üzerindeki Etkileri 2020. google scholar
- Zemrani B, Gehri M, Masserey E, Knob C, Pellaton R. A hidden side of the COVID-19 pandemic in children: the double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition. Int J Equity Health 2021;20:1-4. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Raman S, Harries M, Nathawad R, Kyeremateng R, Seth R, Lonne B. Where do we go from here? A child rights-based response to COVID-19. BMJ Paediatrics Open 2020;4(1):e000714. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Konukbay D, Suluhan D. COVID-19 pandemisinde çocuk gelişimini ve bakımı etkileyen süreçler. COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinin çocukların bakımı ve çevresine etkileri 2022;1:8-14. google scholar
- Yogman M, Garner A, Hutchinson J, Hirsh-Pasek K, Golinkoff RM, Baum R, et al. The power of play: A pediatric role in enhancing development in young children. Pediatrics 2018;142(3):e20182058. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Borelli JL, Smiley PA, Rasmussen HF, Gomez A. Is it about me, you, or us? Stress reactivity correlates of discrepancies in we-talk among parents and preadolescent children. J Youth Adolesc 2016;45:1996-2010. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Ertem IO. The international guide for monitoring child development: enabling individualised interventions. Early Childhood Matters 2017;126:83-7. google scholar
- T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Çocuk ve Ergen Sağlığı Dairesi Başkanlığı Bebek, Çocuk, Ergen İzlem Protokolleri. Ankara: 2018 https://ekutuphane.saglik. gov.tr/Ekutuphane/kitaplar/Bebek_Cocuk_Ergen_Izlem_ Protokolleri_2018.pdf. google scholar
- Kara B, Mukaddes NM, Altınkaya I, Güntepe D, Gökçay G, Özmen M. Using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers in a well-child clinic in Turkey: Adapting the screening method based on culture and setting. Autism 2014;18(3):331-8. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Sertgil NK, Özen DŞ, Gökçay G. Bebeklik ve erken çocukluk döneminde gelişimsel risk tespiti için Sosyal İletişim Alan Tarama Testi (SİATT). Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2015;58:87-95. google scholar
- McDonald S, Kehler H, Bayrampour H, Fraser-Lee N, Tough S. Risk and protective factors in early child development: Results from the All Our Babies (AOB) pregnancy cohort. Res Dev Disabil 2016;58:20-30. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Sledge H, Lawler M, Hourihane J, Franklin R, Boland F, Dunne S, et al. Parenting a newborn baby during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative survey. BMJ Paediatrics Open 2022;6(1):e001348. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Byrne S, Sledge H, Franklin R, Boland F, Murray DM, Hourihane J. Social communication skill attainment in babies born during the COVID-19 pandemic: a birth cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2023;108(1):20-4. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Huang P, Zhou F, Guo Y, Yuan S, Lin S, Lu J, et al. Association between the COVID-19 pandemic and infant neurodevelopment: a comparison before and during COVID-19. Front Pediatr 2021;9:662165. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Darmiyanti A, Supriadi O, Nurlaeli A. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on language and social development for early childhood children age 4-6 years in Karawang District. IJECES 2021;10(1):27-32. google scholar
- Yoshikawa H, Wuermli AJ, Britto PR, Dreyer B, Leckman JF, Lye SJ, et al. Effects of the global coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic on early childhood development: short-and long-term risks and mitigating program and policy actions. J Pediatr 2020;223:188-93. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Alroqi H, Serratrice L, Cameron-Faulkner T. The association between screen media quantity, content, and context and language development. J Child Lang 2023;50(5):1155-83. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Keskindemirci G, Gökçay G. Screen exposure in children with language delay; results of pilot study. J Ist Faculty Med 2020; 83(1):30-4. google scholar
- Guram S, Heinz P. Media use in children: American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations 2016. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract 2018;103(2):99-101. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Chonchaiya W, Pruksananonda C. Television viewing associates with delayed language development. Acta Paediatrica 2008;97(7):977-82. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Choi EJ, King GK, Duerden EG. Screen time in children and youth during the pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Global Pediatrics 2023;6:100080. [CrossRef] google scholar
- Madigan S, Eirich R, Pador P, McArthur BA, Neville RD. Assessment of changes in child and adolescent screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2022;176(12):1188-98. [CrossRef] google scholar
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Services and Systems (Other) |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 28, 2025 |
| Submission Date | November 10, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | March 8, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 88 Issue: 2 |
Cite
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Addressi: İ.Ü. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Dekanlığı, Turgut Özal Cad. 34093 Çapa, Fatih, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Email: itfdergisi@istanbul.edu.tr
Phone: +90 212 414 21 61