Case Report
BibTex RIS Cite

Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series

Year 2025, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 58 - 62, 12.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1591976

Abstract

Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: A Case Series
Aim
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a subtype of degenerative dementia characterized by prominent impairments in personality, behavior, and cognition. This study aims to evaluate three cases presenting with acute psychotic symptoms who were later diagnosed with FTD, focusing on their behavioral and neuropsychiatric features.
Cases
The first case involves a 68-year-old woman with a 40-year history of schizophrenia. In recent years, she exhibited memory loss, disorganized behavior, and socially inappropriate actions. Neuroimaging revealed frontal and temporal atrophy. Despite antipsychotic treatment, disinhibition persisted.
The second case is a 79-year-old woman who presented with memory impairment and psychotic symptoms. Neuroimaging demonstrated atrophy in the frontal and parietal lobes. Cognitive and behavioral symptoms did not improve despite treatment.
The third case concerns an 85-year-old man presenting with disorganized behavior, psychotic symptoms, and progressive memory decline. Neuroimaging showed significant atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes. While antipsychotic treatment reduced aggression, disinhibition persisted.
Findings
All three cases demonstrated disinhibition, disorganized behaviors, and cognitive deficits. Neuroimaging results indicated marked atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes. The persistence of symptoms despite treatment supports the diagnosis of the behavioral variant of FTD.
Discussion
Before the diagnosis of FTD, the first case had recurrent episodes associated with schizophrenia, while no psychiatric diagnosis was present in the other two cases. In all three cases, disinhibition, disorganized behavior, and personality changes were predominant, aligning with the behavioral variant of FTD. The presentation of FTD with psychotic symptoms can be mistaken for other psychiatric disorders, complicating the diagnostic process. Cases with initial psychotic features but later diagnosed as FTD have been reported in the literature, emphasizing the need for careful use of antipsychotics.
Conclusion
Advanced imaging techniques and long-term neurocognitive monitoring play a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis of FTD and understanding its clinical course. Further research is needed to determine whether psychosis is a risk factor for FTD development.

Ethical Statement

This case series has been written with the informed consent of the patients.

References

  • 1. Sjögren M, Andersen C. Frontotemporal dementia:a brief review. Mech Ageing Dev. 2005;127:180-7.
  • 2. Neary D, Snowden JS, Gustafson L, Passan U, Stuss D, Black SA, et al. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology. 1998;51,1546-54.
  • 3. Mendez MF, McMurtray A, Chen AK, Shapira JS, Mishkin F, Miller BL. Functional neuroimaging and presenting psychiatricfeatures in frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006;77:4-7
  • 4. Caycedo AM, Miller B, Kramer J, Rascovsky K. Early features infrontotemporal dementia. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2009;6:337-340.
  • 5. Huey ED, Karen T, Grafman J. A systematic review of neurotransmitter deficits and treatments in frontotemporal dementia. Neurology. 2006;66:17-22
  • 6. Kertez A, Davidson W, Fox H. Frontal behavioural inventory: diagnostic criteria for frontal lob dementia. Can J Neurol Sci. 1997;24:29-36.
  • 7. Seelaar H, Kamphorst W, Rosso SM, Azmani A, Masdjedi R, Koning I,et al. Distinct genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia. Neurology. 2008;71:1220e6.
  • 8. Parıldar S, Bora E, Evyapan D, Özaşkınlı S. Frontotemporal demans: şizofreni benzeri psikoz tablosuyla giden bir olgu sunumu. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni. 2001;11,116-20.
  • 9. Howard R, Rabins PV, Seeman MV, Jeste DV. Late-onset schizophrenia and very-late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis: an international consensus. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157,172-8.
  • 10. Miller BL, Chang L, Mena I, Boone K, Lesser IM, Progressive right frontotemporal degeneration: clinical, neuropsychological and SPECT characteristics. Dementia. 1993;4:204-13.
  • 11. Minoshima S, Cross D, Thientunyakit T, Foster N, Drzezga A. 18F-FDG PET imaging in neurodegenerative dementing disorders: insights into subtype classification, emerging disease categories, and mixed dementia with copathologies. J Nucl Med. 2022;63(Supplement 1): 2S-12S.
  • 12. Risacher SL, Apostolova LG. Neuroimaging in dementia. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2023;29:219-54.

Davranışsal ve Psikotik Semptomlarla İlişkilendirilen Frontotemporal Demans: Olgu Serisi

Year 2025, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 58 - 62, 12.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1591976

Abstract

Davranışsal ve Psikotik Semptomlarla İlişkilendirilen Frontotemporal Demans: Bir Olgu Serisi
Amaç
Frontotemporal demans (FTD), dejeneratif demansların bir alt türü olup, özellikle kişilik, davranış ve bilişsel bozukluklarla karakterizedir. Bu çalışma, akut psikotik belirtilerle başvurup FTD tanısı alan üç vakayı, davranışsal ve nöropsikiyatrik belirtileri açısından değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Olgular
İlk vaka, 68 yaşında ve 40 yıldır şizofreni tanısıyla izlenmiş bir kadındır. Son yıllarda unutkanlık, dezorganize davranışlar ve sosyal uygunsuzluklar göstermiştir. Nörogörüntüleme, frontal ve temporal atrofiye işaret etmiştir. Antipsikotik tedaviye rağmen disinhibisyon devam etmiştir.
İkinci vaka, 79 yaşında kadın olup, unutkanlık ve psikotik belirtilerle başvurmuştur. Nörogörüntüleme frontal ve parietal lobda incelme göstermiştir. Tedaviye rağmen bilişsel ve davranışsal belirtiler azalmamıştır.
Üçüncü vaka, 85 yaşında erkek hastadır. Dezorganize davranışlar, psikotik belirtiler ve unutkanlık şikayetleri ile başvurmuş, frontal ve temporal atrofi tespit edilmiştir. Antipsikotik tedaviyle agresyon azalmasına karşın disinhibisyon sürmüştür.
Bulgular
Üç vakada da disinhibisyon, dezorganize davranışlar ve bilişsel bozukluklar gözlenmiştir. Nörogörüntüleme sonuçları, frontal ve temporal loblarda belirgin atrofiye işaret etmektedir. Tedaviye dirençli semptomlar, davranışsal alt tip FTD'yi desteklemektedir.
Tartışma
FTD tanısı öncesinde, ilk olguda şizofreni tanısı ile takip edilen ataklar bulunmakta iken diğer olgularda bir psikiyatrik tanı bulunmamaktadır. Her üç vakada da disinhibisyon ve dezorganize davranışlar ile kişilik değişimleri ön planda olup FTD davranışsal alt tipte yer almaktadırlar. FTD’nin psikotik belirtilerle ortaya çıkması, diğer psikiyatrik bozukluklarla karıştırılabilir ve tanı koymayı zorlaştırabilir. Literatürde psikoz kliniği ile başlangıçlı olup ancak sonradan FTD tanısı alan vakalar bildirilmiştir. Bu sebeple, antipsikotiklerin dikkatli kullanımı önerilmektedir.
Sonuç
İleri görüntüleme teknikleri ve uzun dönemli nörokognitif izlem, FTD tanısının kesinleşmesinde ve klinik seyrin anlaşılmasında önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu tür vakaların, psikozun FTD gelişiminde bir risk faktörü olup olmadığını anlamak için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Ethical Statement

Bu olgu serisi olgulardan onam alınarak yazılmıştır.

References

  • 1. Sjögren M, Andersen C. Frontotemporal dementia:a brief review. Mech Ageing Dev. 2005;127:180-7.
  • 2. Neary D, Snowden JS, Gustafson L, Passan U, Stuss D, Black SA, et al. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology. 1998;51,1546-54.
  • 3. Mendez MF, McMurtray A, Chen AK, Shapira JS, Mishkin F, Miller BL. Functional neuroimaging and presenting psychiatricfeatures in frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006;77:4-7
  • 4. Caycedo AM, Miller B, Kramer J, Rascovsky K. Early features infrontotemporal dementia. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2009;6:337-340.
  • 5. Huey ED, Karen T, Grafman J. A systematic review of neurotransmitter deficits and treatments in frontotemporal dementia. Neurology. 2006;66:17-22
  • 6. Kertez A, Davidson W, Fox H. Frontal behavioural inventory: diagnostic criteria for frontal lob dementia. Can J Neurol Sci. 1997;24:29-36.
  • 7. Seelaar H, Kamphorst W, Rosso SM, Azmani A, Masdjedi R, Koning I,et al. Distinct genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia. Neurology. 2008;71:1220e6.
  • 8. Parıldar S, Bora E, Evyapan D, Özaşkınlı S. Frontotemporal demans: şizofreni benzeri psikoz tablosuyla giden bir olgu sunumu. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni. 2001;11,116-20.
  • 9. Howard R, Rabins PV, Seeman MV, Jeste DV. Late-onset schizophrenia and very-late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis: an international consensus. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157,172-8.
  • 10. Miller BL, Chang L, Mena I, Boone K, Lesser IM, Progressive right frontotemporal degeneration: clinical, neuropsychological and SPECT characteristics. Dementia. 1993;4:204-13.
  • 11. Minoshima S, Cross D, Thientunyakit T, Foster N, Drzezga A. 18F-FDG PET imaging in neurodegenerative dementing disorders: insights into subtype classification, emerging disease categories, and mixed dementia with copathologies. J Nucl Med. 2022;63(Supplement 1): 2S-12S.
  • 12. Risacher SL, Apostolova LG. Neuroimaging in dementia. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2023;29:219-54.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Case Reports
Authors

Ayşe Ergüner Aral 0000-0001-6085-3724

Esin Erdogan 0000-0003-0100-652X

Publication Date June 12, 2025
Submission Date November 27, 2024
Acceptance Date April 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ergüner Aral, A., & Erdogan, E. (2025). Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(2), 58-62. https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1591976
AMA Ergüner Aral A, Erdogan E. Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series. Journal of Izmir Med. Faculty. June 2025;4(2):58-62. doi:10.57221/izmirtip.1591976
Chicago Ergüner Aral, Ayşe, and Esin Erdogan. “Frontotemporal Dementia Associated With Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series”. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 4, no. 2 (June 2025): 58-62. https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1591976.
EndNote Ergüner Aral A, Erdogan E (June 1, 2025) Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 4 2 58–62.
IEEE A. Ergüner Aral and E. Erdogan, “Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series”, Journal of Izmir Med. Faculty, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 58–62, 2025, doi: 10.57221/izmirtip.1591976.
ISNAD Ergüner Aral, Ayşe - Erdogan, Esin. “Frontotemporal Dementia Associated With Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series”. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 4/2 (June 2025), 58-62. https://doi.org/10.57221/izmirtip.1591976.
JAMA Ergüner Aral A, Erdogan E. Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series. Journal of Izmir Med. Faculty. 2025;4:58–62.
MLA Ergüner Aral, Ayşe and Esin Erdogan. “Frontotemporal Dementia Associated With Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series”. İzmir Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 2, 2025, pp. 58-62, doi:10.57221/izmirtip.1591976.
Vancouver Ergüner Aral A, Erdogan E. Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with Behavioral and Psychotic Symptoms: Case Series. Journal of Izmir Med. Faculty. 2025;4(2):58-62.