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TÜNEL YAPILARINDA KARŞILAŞILAN MÜHENDİSLİK PROBLEMLERİNİN JEOFİZİK YÖNTEMLERLE BELİRLENMESİ: BURSA İLİ DOĞANCI TÜNELİ ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 632 - 648, 27.06.2025

Mustafa Kirici Hakan Karslı

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1610170

Abstract

Tüm dünyada karayolu tünellerin yapımı sırasında ve sonrasında, jeolojik koşullardan kaynaklı pek çok mühendislik problemi ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Bursa İli Osmangazi-Orhangazi ilçeleri bağlantı karayolundaki Doğancı Tüneli'nin yan ve tavan duvarlarından su sızıntılarının ve ilişkili oluşan deformasyonların belirlenmesinde, üç farklı jeofizik yöntemin sağladığı katkılar incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, tünelin iç duvarlarında Yer Radarı (YR), Elektrik Özdirenç Tomografi (EÖT) ve Çok Kanallı Yüzey Dalgası Analizi (ÇKYDA), tünelin girişinde üst kotta ve çıkışındaki palye üstünde sadece EÖT ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Özdirenç değerleri 4-1000 Ohm.m ve S-dalga hızı değerleri 280-800 m/s arasında elde edilmiştir. Birbirine paralel YR profillerinden tünelin duvarlarının ve dış cephesinin üç boyutlu görüntüleri oluşturulmuştur. Tüm bulgular birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, genel olarak özdirencin ve S-dalga hızının düşük, YR genliklerinin ise görece yüksek olduğu tünel bölümleri su sızıntılarından kaynaklı deformasyonlarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, birkaç jeofizik yöntemin birlikte kullanılmasının tünellerde gözlenen deformasyonların kaynağının belirlenmesinde son derece yararlı olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Çok Kanallı Yüzey Dalgası Analizi Elektrik Özdirenç Tomografi Yer Radarı Tünel

References

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DETERMINATION OF ENGINEERING PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN TUNNEL STRUCTURES USING GEOPHYSICAL METHODS: THE CASE OF DOĞANCI TUNNEL IN BURSA PROVINCE

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 632 - 648, 27.06.2025

Mustafa Kirici Hakan Karslı

https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1610170

Abstract

During and after the construction of highway tunnels all over the world, many engineering problems originating from geological conditions are encountered. In this study, the contributions of three different geophysical methods were investigated in determining the water leakages and related deformations from the side and ceiling walls of the Doğancı Tunnel on the Osmangazi-Orhangazi districts connection highway of Bursa Province. In this context, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Multi-Channel Surface Wave Analysis (MASW) were measured on the inner walls of the tunnel, and only the ERT measurements were made on the upper level at the entrance and on the berm at the exit of the tunnel. Resistivity values were obtained between 4-1000 Ohm.m and S-wave velocity values were between 280-800 m/s. Three-dimensional images of the tunnel walls and exterior facade were created from parallel ER profiles. When all the findings are evaluated together, the tunnel sections where the resistivity and S-wave velocity are generally low and the YR amplitudes are relatively high are associated with deformations caused by water leaks. As a result, it has been seen that the use of several geophysical methods together is extremely useful in determining the source of the deformations observed in the tunnels.

Keywords

Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave Electrical Resistivity Tomography Ground Penetrating Radar Tunnel

References

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  • Arifin, M.H., Kayode, J.S., Izwan, M.K., Hasan Said, H.A., Hussin, H., 2019. Data for the potential gold mineralization mapping with the applications of electrical resistivity imaging and induces polarization geophysical surveys. Data Brief 2019 (22), 830–835.
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  • Babacan, A.E., Ceylan, S., 2021. Evaluation of soil liquefaction potential with a holistic approach: a case study from Arakli (Trabzon, Turkey). Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 62(1), 173-198.
  • Barbieri, A., Regala, F. T., Cascalheira, J., Bicho, N., 2023. The sediment at the end of the tunnel: Geophysical research to locate the Pleistocene entrance of Gruta da Companheira (Algarve, Southern Portugal). Archaeological Prospection, 30(2), 117-134.
  • Bauman, P., 2005. 2-D resistivity surveying for hydrocarbons–a primer. CSEG Recorder 30 (04), 1–15. Benyassine, E.M., Lachhab, A., Dekayir, A., Parisot, J.C., Rouai, M., 2017. An application of electrical resistivity tomography to investigate heavy metals pathways. J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. 22 (4), 315–324.
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  • Capizzi, P., Cosentino, P. L., Fiandaca, G., Martorana, R., Messina, P., 2005. 2D GPR and Geoelectrical Modelling–Tests on Man–Made Tunnels and Cavities. Near Surface 2005-11th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, s. cp-13). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
  • Cardarelli, E., Marrone, C., Orlando, L., 2003. Evaluation of tunnel stability using integrated geophysical methods. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 52 (2-3), 93-102.
  • Cardarelli, E., Di Filippo, G., Tuccinardi, E., 2006. Electrical resistivity tomography to detect buried cavities in Rome: a case study, Near Surface Geophysics, Vol. 4, 387-392.
  • Chambers, J.E., Kuras, O., Meldrum, P.I., Ogilvy, R.D., Hollands, J., 2006. Electrical resistivity tomography applied to geologic, hydrogeologic, and engineering investigations at a former waste-disposal site. Geophysics 71 (6), B231–B239.
  • Chen, L., Wang, H., Xu, X., Zhang, Y., Wang, C., Song, J., Han, L., 2020. Geological exploration using integrated geophysical methods in tunnel: a case. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 38, 1111-1119.
  • Dahlin, T., 2001. The development of DC resistivity imaging techniques. Computers & Geosciences, 27(9), 1019-1029.
  • Davis, J. L., Annan, A. P., 1989. Ground‐penetrating radar for high‐resolution mapping of soil and rock stratigraphy Geophysical prospecting, 37(5), 531-551.
  • Dey, A., Morrison, H. F., 1979. Resistivity modelling for arbitrarily shaped two‐dimensional structures. Geophysical prospecting, 27(1), 106-136.
  • Ding, Y., Yang, B., Xu, G., Wang, X., 2022. Improved Dempster–Shafer evidence theory for tunnel water inrush risk analysis based on fuzzy identification factors of multi-source geophysical data. Remote Sensing, 14(23), 6178.
  • Durdağ, D., 2018. Çok Kanallı Yüzey Dalgaları Analizi (Masw) ve Jeoteknik Uygulamaları. DEÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir.
  • Ergüven, K., 2015. Tünel İmalatında Yer Radarı Yöntemiyle Tahribatsız Test Uygulaması. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Feng, S. J., Zhao, Y., Zhang, X. L., Bai, Z. B., 2020. Leachate leakage investigation, assessment and engineering counter measures for tunneling underneath a MSW landfill. Engineering Geology, 265, 105447.
  • Fores, B., Champollion, C., Lesparre, N., Pasquet, S., Martin, A., Nguyen, F., 2021. Variability of the water stock dynamics in karst: insights from surface-to-tunnel geophysics. Hydrogeology Journal, 29(6), 2077-2089.
  • Foti, S., Parolai, S., Albarello, D., Picozzi, M., 2011. Application of surface-wave methods for seismic site characterization. Surv. Geophys. 32 (6), 777–825.
  • Funk, B., Flores-Orozco, A., Steiner, M., 2024. Possibilities and limitations of cave detection with ERT, Geomorphology, 462, 109332, 1-10.
  • Geraldine C, . Anukwu, Amin E, . Khalil, Mohd, Nawawi, Khiruddin, Abdullah, Fathi M, . Abdullah, 2018. Multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) using CMP analysis to identify soil problems threat on the heritage site at Georgetown, Malaysia. SEG Glob. Meet. Abstr. 1640–1643. https://doi.org/10.1190/IGC2018-404.
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There are 76 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Geophysical and Environmental Fluid Flows
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mustafa Kirici 0009-0003-2563-1415

Hakan Karslı 0000-0002-7758-1363

Publication Date June 27, 2025
Submission Date December 31, 2024
Acceptance Date March 24, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kirici, M., & Karslı, H. (2025). TÜNEL YAPILARINDA KARŞILAŞILAN MÜHENDİSLİK PROBLEMLERİNİN JEOFİZİK YÖNTEMLERLE BELİRLENMESİ: BURSA İLİ DOĞANCI TÜNELİ ÖRNEĞİ. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 13(2), 632-648. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1610170
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