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Kadınlarda hedonik yeme ve yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkide depresyon, anksiyete ve stresin aracı rolü

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 268 - 278

Tuğba Türkkan , Kenan Bülbül , Tuba Eda Arpa Zemzemoğlu

https://doi.org/10.3153/FH25023

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yetişkin kadınlarda hedonik yeme ve yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkide depresyon, anksiyete ve stresin aracılık rollerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, Gümüşhane ilinde ikamet eden 278 kadın katılmıştır. Veriler Demografik Bilgi Formu, UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği, Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği (DASS-21) ve Hedonik Yeme Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Analizlerde Bağımsız Gruplar T Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA), Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı ve Paralel Aracılık Analizi (PROCESS Macro Model 4) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, hedonik yeme ile yalnızlık, depresyon, anksiyete ve stres arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu göstermiştir. Aracılık analizi sonuçlarına göre, depresyon ve anksiyete değişkenlerinin hedonik yeme ile yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkide anlamlı aracı roller üstlendiği, stresin ise aracı rolünün bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, hedonik yemenin bireylerin psikolojik iyilik halleri ve yalnızlık eğilimleri üzerinde dolaylı etkiler yarattığını göstermekte olup, müdahale programlarının duygusal düzenleme becerilerini geliştirmeye odaklanması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

Hedonik yeme Yalnızlık Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Kadınlar

Ethical Statement

Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulundan 21/02/2024 tarih ve 2024/2 sayılı etik kurul onayı alınmıştır.

References

  • Açik, M., Bozdağ, A.N.S., Çakiroğlu, F.P. (2021). The quality and duration of sleep are related to hedonic hunger: a cross-sectional study in university students. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 19, 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-020-00303-8
  • Ackermans, M.A., Jonker, N.C., Bennik, E.C., de Jong, P.J. (2022). Hunger increases negative and decreases positive emotions in women with a healthy weight. Appetite, 168, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105746
  • Akkaya, K.U., Uslu, B., Özcan, B.A. (2022). The relationship of hedonic hunger with depression and physical activity in students of faculty of health sciences. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 37(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000267
  • Aliasghari, F., Nazm, S.A., Yasari, S., Mahdavi, R., Bonyadi, M. (2021). Associations of the ANKK1 and DRD2 gene polymorphisms with overweight, obesity and hedonic hunger among women from the Northwest of Iran. Eating and Weight Disorders, 26(1), 305–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-00851-5
  • Alonso-Alonso, M., Woods, S.C., Pelchat, M., Grigson, P.S., Stice, E., Farooqi, S. et al. (2015). Food reward system: current perspectives and future research needs. Nutr. Rev., 73, 296–307. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuv002
  • Atik, D., Neşe, A., Özcan Yüce, U. (2019). Scale development study: Hedonistic Eating Scale. Acta Medica Antalya, 3(2), 147–153. https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.545200
  • Berthoud, H.R. (2012). The neurobiology of food intake in an obesogenic environment. Proc Nutr Soc, 71, 478–487. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665112000602
  • Cacioppo, S., Capitanio, J.P., Cacioppo, J.T. (2014). Toward a neurology of loneliness. Psychological Bulletin, 140(6), 1464–1504. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037618
  • Demir, A. (1989). Validity and reliability of the UCLA loneliness scale. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 7(23), 14–18.
  • Doan, S. N., Xie, B., Zhou, Y., Lei, X., Reynolds, K. D. (2022). Loneliness and cravings for sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents. Pediatr. Obes., 17, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12834
  • Epel, E.S., Crosswell, A.D., Mayer, S.E., Prather, A.A., Slavich, G.M., Puterman, E., Mendes, W.B. (2018). More than a feeling: A unified view of stress measurement for population science. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 49, 146–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.03.001
  • Eres, R., Lim, M.H., Lanham, S., Jillard, C., Bates, G. (2021). Loneliness and emotion regulation: implications of having social anxiety disorder. Australian Journal of Psychology, 73(1), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1904498
  • Ergen, D., Dokumacıoğlu, E., Yıldız, N. (2023). Beslenme ve diyetetik öğrencilerinin hedonik açlık durumlarının değerlendirilmesi: Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Örneği. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.1159791
  • Erşan, E.E., Kelleci, M., Bakay, B.B. (2013). Kalp Hastalarynda Psikososyal Uyum, Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres Düzeylerine Bir Bakış. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 16(4), 214–224.
  • Espel-Huynh, H., Muratore, A., Lowe, M. (2018). A narrative review of the construct of hedonic hunger and its measurement by the Power of Food Scale. Obesity Sci Practice, 4, 238–249. https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.161
  • Hawkley, L.C., Cacioppo, J.T. (2010). Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 40, 218–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8
  • Jaremka, L.M., Fagundes, C.P., Peng, J., Belury, M.A., Andridge, R.R., Malarkey, W.B., Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K. (2015). Loneliness predicts postprandial ghrelin and hunger in women. Hormones and Behavior, 70, 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.01.011
  • Jung, J.Y., Kim, K.H., Woo, H.Y., Shin, D.W., Shin, Y.C., Oh, K.S., Lim, S.W. (2017). Binge eating is associated with trait anxiety in Korean adolescent girls: A cross sectional study. BMC Women’s Health, 17(8), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-017-0364-4
  • Kelly, T., Yang, W., Chen, C.S., Reynolds, K., He, J. (2008). Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. International Journal of Obesity, 32(9), 1431–1437. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.102
  • Lodder, G.M.A., Scholte, R.H.J., Goossens, L., Verhagen, M. (2015). Loneliness in early adolescence: friendship quantity, friendship quality, and dyadic processes. J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol., 46(5), 709–720. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2015.1070352
  • Lovibond, S.H., Lovibond, P.F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Sydney: Psychology Foundation of Australia. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01004-000
  • Lowe, M.R., Butryn, M.L., Didie, E.R., Annunziato, R.A., Thomas, J.G., Crerand, C.E., Halford, J. (2009). The Power of Food Scale. A new measure of the psychological influence of the food environment. Appetite, 53(1), 114–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.05.016
  • Luo, M. (2023). Social isolation, loneliness, and depressive symptoms: a twelve-year population study of temporal dynamics. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 78(2), 280–290. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac174
  • Mackinnon, D.P., Lockwood, C.M., Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39(1), 99–128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr3901_4
  • Mason, T.B., Dunton, G.F., Gearhardt, A.N., Leventhal, A.M. (2020). Emotional disorder symptoms, anhedonia, and negative urgency as predictors of hedonic hunger in adolescents. Eating Behaviors, 36, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101343
  • Mead, B.R., Boyland, E.J., Christiansen, P., Halford, J.C., Jebb, S.A., Ahern, A.L. (2021). Associations between hedonic hunger and BMI during a two-year behavioural weight loss trial. PloS One, 16(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252110
  • Obezite Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu, 2024. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. Erişimlink: https://file.temd.org.tr/Uploads/publications/guides/documents/obezitetanitedavikilavizu-2024.pdf
  • Preacher, K.J., Hayes, A.F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, Computers, 36(4), 717–731. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206553
  • Rodríguez-Bravo, A.E., De-Juanas, Á., García-Castilla, F.J. (2020). Effect of physical-sports leisure activities on young people’s psychological wellbeing. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.543951
  • Rohde, K., Keller, M., la Cour, P.L., Blüher, M., Kovacs, P., Böttcher, Y. (2019). Genetics and epigenetics in obesity. Metabolism, 92, 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.007
  • Rosenqvist, E., Kiviruusu, O., Konttinen, H. (2022). The associations of socioeconomic status and financial strain with restrained and emotional eating among 42-year-old women and men. Appetite, 169, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105795
  • Russell, D., Peplau, L.A., Ferguson, M.L. (1978). Developing a measure of loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 42(3), 290–294. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4203_11
  • Şarahman, C., Akçil Ok, M. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between hedonic status of adult ındividuals and food craving, ımpulsivity and self-esteem status. Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies, 2(2), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.5336/jtracom.2019-66520
  • Sariçam, H. (2018). The psychometric properties of Turkish version of depression anxiety stress scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research, 7(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.5455/JCBPR.274847
  • Tabachnick, B., Fidell, L. (2019). Using multivariate statistics title: using multivariate statistics. In Pearson Education (6th ed., Vol. 5). USA: Pearson.
  • Tomiyama, A.J. (2019). Stress and Obesity. Annual Review of Psychology, 70, 703–718. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-102936
  • Wheatley, S.D., Whitaker, M.J.G. (2019). Why do people overeat? Hunger, psychological eating and type 2 diabetes. Practical Diabetes, 36(4), 136–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2232
  • Yalçın, T., Ayyıldız, F., Yılmaz, M.V., Asil, E. (2023). Relationship of perceived depression, stress, anxiety levels and hedonic hunger. International Journal of Obesity, 47(8), 717–723. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-023-01315-3
  • Yamada, M., Decety, J. (2009). Unconscious affective processing and empathy: An investigation of subliminal priming on the detection of painful facial expressions. Pain, 143(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2009.01.028
  • Yanguas, J., Pinazo-Henandis, S., Tarazona-Santabalbina, F.J. (2018). The complexity of loneliness. Acta Biomedica, 89(2), 302–314.
  • Yassıbaş, E., Bölükbaşı, H., Turan, İ.E., Demirel, A.M., Gürler, E. (2024). Hedonic hunger, food addiction, and night eating syndrome triangle in adolescents and ıts relationship with body mass ındex. Journal of Eating Disorders, 12(25), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00980-7
  • World Obesity Federation. World Obesity Atlas 2023. Available from: https://www.worldobesity.org/resources/resource-library/world-obesity-atlas-2023

The mediating role of depression, anxiety and stress in the relationship between hedonic eating and loneliness in women

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 268 - 278

Tuğba Türkkan , Kenan Bülbül , Tuba Eda Arpa Zemzemoğlu

https://doi.org/10.3153/FH25023

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the mediating roles of depression, anxiety, and stress in the relationship between hedonic eating and loneliness among adult women. The study sample consisted of 278 women residing in Gümüşhane, Turkey. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Hedonic Eating Scale. Analyses were conducted using Independent Samples T-Test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Parallel Mediation Analysis (PROCESS Macro Model 4). The findings indicated that there were significant positive relationships between hedonic eating and loneliness, depression, anxiety, and stress. According to the results of the mediation analysis, depression and anxiety significantly mediated the relationship between hedonic eating and loneliness, whereas stress did not play a mediating role. These results suggest that hedonic eating exerts indirect effects on individuals’ psychological well-being and tendencies toward loneliness, highlighting the need for intervention programs focused on enhancing emotional regulation skills.

Keywords

Hedonic eating Loneliness Depression Anxiety Stress Women

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval was received from Gümüşhane University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee dated 21/02/2024 and numbered 2024/2.

References

  • Açik, M., Bozdağ, A.N.S., Çakiroğlu, F.P. (2021). The quality and duration of sleep are related to hedonic hunger: a cross-sectional study in university students. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 19, 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-020-00303-8
  • Ackermans, M.A., Jonker, N.C., Bennik, E.C., de Jong, P.J. (2022). Hunger increases negative and decreases positive emotions in women with a healthy weight. Appetite, 168, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105746
  • Akkaya, K.U., Uslu, B., Özcan, B.A. (2022). The relationship of hedonic hunger with depression and physical activity in students of faculty of health sciences. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 37(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000267
  • Aliasghari, F., Nazm, S.A., Yasari, S., Mahdavi, R., Bonyadi, M. (2021). Associations of the ANKK1 and DRD2 gene polymorphisms with overweight, obesity and hedonic hunger among women from the Northwest of Iran. Eating and Weight Disorders, 26(1), 305–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-00851-5
  • Alonso-Alonso, M., Woods, S.C., Pelchat, M., Grigson, P.S., Stice, E., Farooqi, S. et al. (2015). Food reward system: current perspectives and future research needs. Nutr. Rev., 73, 296–307. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuv002
  • Atik, D., Neşe, A., Özcan Yüce, U. (2019). Scale development study: Hedonistic Eating Scale. Acta Medica Antalya, 3(2), 147–153. https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.545200
  • Berthoud, H.R. (2012). The neurobiology of food intake in an obesogenic environment. Proc Nutr Soc, 71, 478–487. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665112000602
  • Cacioppo, S., Capitanio, J.P., Cacioppo, J.T. (2014). Toward a neurology of loneliness. Psychological Bulletin, 140(6), 1464–1504. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037618
  • Demir, A. (1989). Validity and reliability of the UCLA loneliness scale. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 7(23), 14–18.
  • Doan, S. N., Xie, B., Zhou, Y., Lei, X., Reynolds, K. D. (2022). Loneliness and cravings for sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents. Pediatr. Obes., 17, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12834
  • Epel, E.S., Crosswell, A.D., Mayer, S.E., Prather, A.A., Slavich, G.M., Puterman, E., Mendes, W.B. (2018). More than a feeling: A unified view of stress measurement for population science. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 49, 146–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.03.001
  • Eres, R., Lim, M.H., Lanham, S., Jillard, C., Bates, G. (2021). Loneliness and emotion regulation: implications of having social anxiety disorder. Australian Journal of Psychology, 73(1), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2021.1904498
  • Ergen, D., Dokumacıoğlu, E., Yıldız, N. (2023). Beslenme ve diyetetik öğrencilerinin hedonik açlık durumlarının değerlendirilmesi: Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Örneği. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.1159791
  • Erşan, E.E., Kelleci, M., Bakay, B.B. (2013). Kalp Hastalarynda Psikososyal Uyum, Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres Düzeylerine Bir Bakış. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 16(4), 214–224.
  • Espel-Huynh, H., Muratore, A., Lowe, M. (2018). A narrative review of the construct of hedonic hunger and its measurement by the Power of Food Scale. Obesity Sci Practice, 4, 238–249. https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.161
  • Hawkley, L.C., Cacioppo, J.T. (2010). Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 40, 218–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8
  • Jaremka, L.M., Fagundes, C.P., Peng, J., Belury, M.A., Andridge, R.R., Malarkey, W.B., Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K. (2015). Loneliness predicts postprandial ghrelin and hunger in women. Hormones and Behavior, 70, 57–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.01.011
  • Jung, J.Y., Kim, K.H., Woo, H.Y., Shin, D.W., Shin, Y.C., Oh, K.S., Lim, S.W. (2017). Binge eating is associated with trait anxiety in Korean adolescent girls: A cross sectional study. BMC Women’s Health, 17(8), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-017-0364-4
  • Kelly, T., Yang, W., Chen, C.S., Reynolds, K., He, J. (2008). Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. International Journal of Obesity, 32(9), 1431–1437. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.102
  • Lodder, G.M.A., Scholte, R.H.J., Goossens, L., Verhagen, M. (2015). Loneliness in early adolescence: friendship quantity, friendship quality, and dyadic processes. J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol., 46(5), 709–720. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2015.1070352
  • Lovibond, S.H., Lovibond, P.F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Sydney: Psychology Foundation of Australia. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01004-000
  • Lowe, M.R., Butryn, M.L., Didie, E.R., Annunziato, R.A., Thomas, J.G., Crerand, C.E., Halford, J. (2009). The Power of Food Scale. A new measure of the psychological influence of the food environment. Appetite, 53(1), 114–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.05.016
  • Luo, M. (2023). Social isolation, loneliness, and depressive symptoms: a twelve-year population study of temporal dynamics. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 78(2), 280–290. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac174
  • Mackinnon, D.P., Lockwood, C.M., Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39(1), 99–128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr3901_4
  • Mason, T.B., Dunton, G.F., Gearhardt, A.N., Leventhal, A.M. (2020). Emotional disorder symptoms, anhedonia, and negative urgency as predictors of hedonic hunger in adolescents. Eating Behaviors, 36, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101343
  • Mead, B.R., Boyland, E.J., Christiansen, P., Halford, J.C., Jebb, S.A., Ahern, A.L. (2021). Associations between hedonic hunger and BMI during a two-year behavioural weight loss trial. PloS One, 16(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252110
  • Obezite Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu, 2024. Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. Erişimlink: https://file.temd.org.tr/Uploads/publications/guides/documents/obezitetanitedavikilavizu-2024.pdf
  • Preacher, K.J., Hayes, A.F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, Computers, 36(4), 717–731. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03206553
  • Rodríguez-Bravo, A.E., De-Juanas, Á., García-Castilla, F.J. (2020). Effect of physical-sports leisure activities on young people’s psychological wellbeing. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.543951
  • Rohde, K., Keller, M., la Cour, P.L., Blüher, M., Kovacs, P., Böttcher, Y. (2019). Genetics and epigenetics in obesity. Metabolism, 92, 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.10.007
  • Rosenqvist, E., Kiviruusu, O., Konttinen, H. (2022). The associations of socioeconomic status and financial strain with restrained and emotional eating among 42-year-old women and men. Appetite, 169, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105795
  • Russell, D., Peplau, L.A., Ferguson, M.L. (1978). Developing a measure of loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 42(3), 290–294. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4203_11
  • Şarahman, C., Akçil Ok, M. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between hedonic status of adult ındividuals and food craving, ımpulsivity and self-esteem status. Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies, 2(2), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.5336/jtracom.2019-66520
  • Sariçam, H. (2018). The psychometric properties of Turkish version of depression anxiety stress scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research, 7(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.5455/JCBPR.274847
  • Tabachnick, B., Fidell, L. (2019). Using multivariate statistics title: using multivariate statistics. In Pearson Education (6th ed., Vol. 5). USA: Pearson.
  • Tomiyama, A.J. (2019). Stress and Obesity. Annual Review of Psychology, 70, 703–718. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-102936
  • Wheatley, S.D., Whitaker, M.J.G. (2019). Why do people overeat? Hunger, psychological eating and type 2 diabetes. Practical Diabetes, 36(4), 136–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2232
  • Yalçın, T., Ayyıldız, F., Yılmaz, M.V., Asil, E. (2023). Relationship of perceived depression, stress, anxiety levels and hedonic hunger. International Journal of Obesity, 47(8), 717–723. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-023-01315-3
  • Yamada, M., Decety, J. (2009). Unconscious affective processing and empathy: An investigation of subliminal priming on the detection of painful facial expressions. Pain, 143(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2009.01.028
  • Yanguas, J., Pinazo-Henandis, S., Tarazona-Santabalbina, F.J. (2018). The complexity of loneliness. Acta Biomedica, 89(2), 302–314.
  • Yassıbaş, E., Bölükbaşı, H., Turan, İ.E., Demirel, A.M., Gürler, E. (2024). Hedonic hunger, food addiction, and night eating syndrome triangle in adolescents and ıts relationship with body mass ındex. Journal of Eating Disorders, 12(25), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00980-7
  • World Obesity Federation. World Obesity Atlas 2023. Available from: https://www.worldobesity.org/resources/resource-library/world-obesity-atlas-2023
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nutritional Science
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Tuğba Türkkan 0000-0002-3955-6597

Kenan Bülbül 0000-0002-7527-6082

Tuba Eda Arpa Zemzemoğlu 0000-0002-6836-4527

Early Pub Date June 23, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date February 20, 2025
Acceptance Date April 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Türkkan, T., Bülbül, K., & Arpa Zemzemoğlu, T. E. (2025). Kadınlarda hedonik yeme ve yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkide depresyon, anksiyete ve stresin aracı rolü. Food and Health, 11(3), 268-278. https://doi.org/10.3153/FH25023
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Archiving is done according to ULAKBİM "DergiPark" publication policy (LOCKSS).