The Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University is an international medium, an open access, peer-reviewed journal for the publication of original research reports, reviews and short communications in English or Turkish on relevant developments in pharmaceutical sciences., Proceeding of scientific meetings may be published as special issues of supplements to the journal. Additionally, it contains previous and forthcoming national and international scientific meetings with social activities in pharmaceutical areas.
Research Article
DÖRT AYÇİÇEĞİ (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) GENOTİPİNİN BİYOLOJİK ETKİLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI DEĞERLENDİRMESİ: TARIMSAL GIDA YAN ÜRÜNLERİNDEN UMUT VERİCİ DOĞAL YENİ GIDA KATKI MADDELERİ
Abstract
Amaç: Gıda katkı maddeleri, işleme, depolama ve paketleme sırasında gıdanın görünümünü, kalitesini ve güvenliğini iyileştirmek amacıyla endüstride yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.), dünya çapında tohumluk olarak yetiştirilen önemli bir tarım bitkisidir. Tohumları en büyük bitkisel yağ kaynaklarından biridir. Bu çalışmada tarımsal yan ürün olan ve çoğunlukla atık olarak nitelendirilen ayçiçeğinin tohumlarının ve çeşitli bitki kısımlarının biyolojik etkileri test edilmiş ve gıda katkı maddesi olarak kullanım potansiyelleri belirlenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Dört ayçiçeği çeşidinin (DERAY, SY GRANIT, P64 LP 130, TR 2242 CL) altı farklı bitki kısmının (tohum, dil çiçekleri, disk çiçekleri, yaprak, gövde ve tabla) L929 sağlıklı hücre hattına karşı antiproliferatif etkisi MTT yöntemi kullanılarak araştırıldı ve güvenle kullanılabilecek konsantrasyon aralığı belirlendi. Antioksidan kapasite DPPH, TEAC ve CUPRAC yöntemleri kullanılarak belirlendi. Gıdanın enzimatik esmerleşmesini önlemek için tirozinaz enzim inhibisyonu araştırıldı.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: 400 ve 800 µg/ml konsantrasyonlarda dahi güvenli kullanımın mümkün olduğu tespit edildi. Tüm yöntemlerde disk çiçeği ve dil çiçeği güçlü antioksidan etki gösterdi. DPPH serbest radikal süpürücü etki tayininde TR 2242 CL'nin dil çiçeği 101.40 mg gallik asit/g ekstrakt ile en yüksek etkiyi gösterdi. Disk ve dil çiçeği tüm çeşitlerde en güçlü tirozinaz enzim inhibisyonu gösterdi. TR 2242 CL dil ve disk çiçeği metanol ekstraktlarının enzim inhibisyonu sırasıyla 60.42 ve 151.25 mg KAE/g ekstrakt olarak bulundu. Ayçiçeği tarım-gıda yan ürünlerinin sağlıklı hücrelere karşı sitotoksisitesinin olmaması, yüksek antioksidan kapasitesi ve güçlü enzimatik kararma önleme aktivitesi; gıda endüstrisinde kullanılabilecek, sağlığa olumsuz yan etkileri olan gıda katkı maddelerinin yerine geçebilecek yeni, toksik olmayan, uygun maliyetli ve geri dönüştürülebilir bir kaynak olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Project Number
TAGEM/TBAD/B/22/A7/P4/5581
References
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- 2. Sun, L., Xin, F., Alper, H.S. (2021). Bio-synthesis of food additives and colorants-a growing trend in future food. Biotechnology Advances, 47, 107694. [CrossRef]
- 3. Wu, L., Zhang, C., Long, Y., Chen, Q., Zhang, W., Liu, G. (2022). Food additives: From functions to analytical methods. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(30), 8497-8517. [CrossRef]
- 4. Zolghadri, S., Bahrami, A., Hassan Khan, M.T., Munoz-Munoz, J., Garcia-Molina, F., Garcia-Canovas, F., Saboury, A.A. (2019). A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 34(1), 279-309. [CrossRef]
- 5. Coultate, T., Blackburn, R.S. (2018). Food colorants: Their past, present and future. Coloration Technology, 134(3), 165-186. [CrossRef]
- 6. Malabadi, R.B., Kolkar, K.P., Chalannavar, R.K. (2022). Plant natural pigment colorants-health benefits: Toxicity of synthetic or artificial food colorants. International Journal of Innovation Scientific Research and Review, 4(10), 3418-3429.
- 7. Haridevamuthu, B., Murugan, R., Seenivasan, B., Meenatchi, R., Pachaiappan, R., Almutairi, B.O., Arokiyaraj, S., Arockiaraj, J. (2024). Synthetic azo-dye, Tartrazine induces neurodevelopmental toxicity via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 461, 132524. [CrossRef]
- 8. Kumar, N., Singh, A., Sharma, D.K., Kishore, K. (2019). Toxicity of food additives. In Food safety and human health (pp. 67-98). Academic Press. [CrossRef]
- 9. International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2003). Predictive value of rodent forestomach and gastric neuroendocrine tumours in evaluating carcinogenic risks to humans.
- 10. D'Amore, T., Di Taranto, A., Berardi, G., Vita, V., Marchesani, G., Chiaravalle, A.E., Iammarino, M. (2020). Sulfites in meat: Occurrence, activity, toxicity, regulation, and detection. A comprehensive review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 19(5), 2701-2720. [CrossRef]
- 11. Adeleke, B.S., Babalola, O.O. (2020). Oilseed crop sunflower (Helianthus annuus) as a source of food: Nutritional and health benefits. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(9), 4666-4684. [CrossRef]
- 12. Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63. [CrossRef]
- 13. Harput, U.S., Genc, Y., Saracoglu, I. (2012). Cytotoxic and antioxidative activities of Plantago lagopus L. and characterization of its bioactive compounds. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(5), 1554-1559. [CrossRef]
- 14. Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9-10), 1231-1237. [CrossRef]
- 15. Özyürek, M., Bektaşoğlu, B., Güçlü, K., Apak, R. (2009). Measurement of xanthine oxidase inhibition activity of phenolics and flavonoids with a modified cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. Analytica Chimica Acta, 636(1), 42-50. [CrossRef]
- 16. Kim, J.H., Yoon, J.Y., Yang, S.Y., Choi, S.K., Kwon, S.J., Cho, I.S., Choi, G.S. (2017). Tyrosinase inhibitory components from Aloe vera and their antiviral activity. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 32(1), 78-83. [CrossRef]
- 17. Güven, Z.B., Alshehri, O., Yüce, N., Bakan, E., Demirci, B., Yilmaz, M.A., Basaran, A.A. (2023). Chemical composition, nutritional values, elemental analysis and biological properties of Prunus mahaleb L.: From waste to new potential sources for food, cosmetic and drug industry. Food Bioscience, 53, 102632. [CrossRef]
- 18. Güven, Z.B., Dogan, Z., Saracoglu, I., Picot, L., Nagatsu, A., Basaran, A.A. (2022). Food plant with antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory and antimelanoma activity: Prunus mahaleb L. Food Bioscience, 48, 101804. [CrossRef]
- 19. Faustino, M., Veiga, M., Sousa, P., Costa, E. M., Silva, S., Pintado, M. (2019). Agro-food byproducts as a new source of natural food additives. Molecules, 24(6), 1056. [CrossRef]
- 20. Gül, V., Coban, F. (2020). Determination of yield and quality parameters of oil sunflower genotypes grown in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 25(1), 9-17. [CrossRef]
- 21. Özcan, M.M., Yılmaz, F.G., Uslu, N., Kulluk, D.A., Dursun, N., Yılmaz, H. (2024). Determination of bioactive compounds, phenolic contents, fatty acid and biogenic element profiles of the seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes. Food and Humanity, 2, 10022. [CrossRef]
- 22. Ye, F., Liang, Q., Li, H., Zhao, G. (2015). Solvent effects on phenolic content, composition, and antioxidant activity of extracts from florets of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 76, 574-581. [CrossRef]
- 23. Abdalla, A.A., Yagi, S., Zengin, G., Abdallah, A.H., Elmi, A., Spina, R., Dupire, F., Mattar, D. (2021). A comparative study of physicochemical properties, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitionactivities of oils extracted from seeds of seven new sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) lines. Turkish Journal of Botany, 45(8), 765-775. [CrossRef]
- 24. Abdalla, A.A., Yagi, S., Abdallah, A.H., Abdalla, M., Sinan, K.I., Zengin, G. (2021). Phenolic profile, antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties of seed methanolic extract of seven new Sunflower lines: From fields to industrial applications. Process Biochemistry, 111, 53-61. [CrossRef]
- 25. Mutiah, R., Ulfah, J., Amrulloh, M.F., Suryadinata, A., Indrawijaya, Y.Y.A., Rahmawati, A. (2022). Induction of Helianthus annuus leaves extract to HeLa cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in S, G2-M and M5 phase. Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention, 13(1), 1-11.
- 26. Adascălului, M., Multescu, M., Mihai, A.L., Bobea, S.A., Florea, C., Belc, N. (2022). Cytotoxicity assessment and nutritional profiling of bio-active compounds obtained from food waste. Processes, 11(1), 89. [CrossRef]
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF FOUR SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) GENOTYPES: AGRO-FOOD BYPRODUCTS AS PROMISING NATURAL NEW FOOD ADDITIVES
Abstract
Objective: Food additives are widely used in industry to improve the appearance, quality and safety of food during processing, storage and packaging. The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important agricultural product that is cultivated worldwide for seeds. Its seeds are one of the largest sources of vegetable oil. In this study, the biological activity of sunflower seeds as well as various plant parts, which are agricultural by-products and mostly treated as waste, was tested and their potential for use as a food additive was determined.
Material and Method: The antiproliferative effect of six different plant parts (seeds, ray florets, disc florets, leaves, stems and receptacle) of four sunflower varieties (DERAY, SY GRANIT, P64 LP 130, TR 2242 CL) against the healthy cell line L929 was investigated using the MTT method and the concentration range that can be safely used was determined. The antioxidant capacity was determined using the DPPH, TEAC and CUPRAC methods. Inhibition of the enzyme tyrosinase was investigated to prevent enzymatic browning of food.
Result and Discussion: It was found that even at concentration of 400 and 800 µg/ml, safe use is possible. In all methods, disc floret and ray floret showed a strong antioxidant effect. In the DPPH free radical scavenging effect of the ray floret of the TR 2242 CL showed the highest value with 101.40 mg gallic acid/g extract. Disc and ray floret showed strong inhibition of the tyrosinase enzyme in all varieties. The enzyme inhibition of methanol extracts of TR 2242 CL ray and disc floret was found to be 60.42 and 151.25 mg KAE/g extract, respectively. The lack of cytotoxicity against healthy cells, the high antioxidant capacity and the strong anti-browning activity suggest that sunflower agro-food byproducts may be a new, non-toxic, cost-effective and recyclable source to be used in the food industry instead of food additives that have negative side effects on health.
Ethical Statement
The authors declare that the ethics committee approval is not required for this study.
Supporting Institution
TAGEM
Project Number
TAGEM/TBAD/B/22/A7/P4/5581
Thanks
A.ÇT would like to thank the Agricultural Research Institute (TAGEM), which financially supported the project with the number TAGEM/TBAD/B/22/A7/P4/5581 from which the study plant materials were provided and would like to thank Dr. Canan KAYA and Assoc. Prof. Fırat SEFAOGLU for his contributions to plant growth.
References
- 1. Thaha, A., Wang, B.S., Chang, Y.W., Hsia, S.M., Huang, T.C., Shiau, C.Y., Hwang, D.F., Chen, T.Y. (2021). Food-derived bioactive peptides with antioxidative capacity, xanthine oxidase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Processes, 9(5), 747. [CrossRef]
- 2. Sun, L., Xin, F., Alper, H.S. (2021). Bio-synthesis of food additives and colorants-a growing trend in future food. Biotechnology Advances, 47, 107694. [CrossRef]
- 3. Wu, L., Zhang, C., Long, Y., Chen, Q., Zhang, W., Liu, G. (2022). Food additives: From functions to analytical methods. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(30), 8497-8517. [CrossRef]
- 4. Zolghadri, S., Bahrami, A., Hassan Khan, M.T., Munoz-Munoz, J., Garcia-Molina, F., Garcia-Canovas, F., Saboury, A.A. (2019). A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 34(1), 279-309. [CrossRef]
- 5. Coultate, T., Blackburn, R.S. (2018). Food colorants: Their past, present and future. Coloration Technology, 134(3), 165-186. [CrossRef]
- 6. Malabadi, R.B., Kolkar, K.P., Chalannavar, R.K. (2022). Plant natural pigment colorants-health benefits: Toxicity of synthetic or artificial food colorants. International Journal of Innovation Scientific Research and Review, 4(10), 3418-3429.
- 7. Haridevamuthu, B., Murugan, R., Seenivasan, B., Meenatchi, R., Pachaiappan, R., Almutairi, B.O., Arokiyaraj, S., Arockiaraj, J. (2024). Synthetic azo-dye, Tartrazine induces neurodevelopmental toxicity via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 461, 132524. [CrossRef]
- 8. Kumar, N., Singh, A., Sharma, D.K., Kishore, K. (2019). Toxicity of food additives. In Food safety and human health (pp. 67-98). Academic Press. [CrossRef]
- 9. International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2003). Predictive value of rodent forestomach and gastric neuroendocrine tumours in evaluating carcinogenic risks to humans.
- 10. D'Amore, T., Di Taranto, A., Berardi, G., Vita, V., Marchesani, G., Chiaravalle, A.E., Iammarino, M. (2020). Sulfites in meat: Occurrence, activity, toxicity, regulation, and detection. A comprehensive review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 19(5), 2701-2720. [CrossRef]
- 11. Adeleke, B.S., Babalola, O.O. (2020). Oilseed crop sunflower (Helianthus annuus) as a source of food: Nutritional and health benefits. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(9), 4666-4684. [CrossRef]
- 12. Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63. [CrossRef]
- 13. Harput, U.S., Genc, Y., Saracoglu, I. (2012). Cytotoxic and antioxidative activities of Plantago lagopus L. and characterization of its bioactive compounds. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(5), 1554-1559. [CrossRef]
- 14. Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9-10), 1231-1237. [CrossRef]
- 15. Özyürek, M., Bektaşoğlu, B., Güçlü, K., Apak, R. (2009). Measurement of xanthine oxidase inhibition activity of phenolics and flavonoids with a modified cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. Analytica Chimica Acta, 636(1), 42-50. [CrossRef]
- 16. Kim, J.H., Yoon, J.Y., Yang, S.Y., Choi, S.K., Kwon, S.J., Cho, I.S., Choi, G.S. (2017). Tyrosinase inhibitory components from Aloe vera and their antiviral activity. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 32(1), 78-83. [CrossRef]
- 17. Güven, Z.B., Alshehri, O., Yüce, N., Bakan, E., Demirci, B., Yilmaz, M.A., Basaran, A.A. (2023). Chemical composition, nutritional values, elemental analysis and biological properties of Prunus mahaleb L.: From waste to new potential sources for food, cosmetic and drug industry. Food Bioscience, 53, 102632. [CrossRef]
- 18. Güven, Z.B., Dogan, Z., Saracoglu, I., Picot, L., Nagatsu, A., Basaran, A.A. (2022). Food plant with antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory and antimelanoma activity: Prunus mahaleb L. Food Bioscience, 48, 101804. [CrossRef]
- 19. Faustino, M., Veiga, M., Sousa, P., Costa, E. M., Silva, S., Pintado, M. (2019). Agro-food byproducts as a new source of natural food additives. Molecules, 24(6), 1056. [CrossRef]
- 20. Gül, V., Coban, F. (2020). Determination of yield and quality parameters of oil sunflower genotypes grown in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 25(1), 9-17. [CrossRef]
- 21. Özcan, M.M., Yılmaz, F.G., Uslu, N., Kulluk, D.A., Dursun, N., Yılmaz, H. (2024). Determination of bioactive compounds, phenolic contents, fatty acid and biogenic element profiles of the seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes. Food and Humanity, 2, 10022. [CrossRef]
- 22. Ye, F., Liang, Q., Li, H., Zhao, G. (2015). Solvent effects on phenolic content, composition, and antioxidant activity of extracts from florets of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 76, 574-581. [CrossRef]
- 23. Abdalla, A.A., Yagi, S., Zengin, G., Abdallah, A.H., Elmi, A., Spina, R., Dupire, F., Mattar, D. (2021). A comparative study of physicochemical properties, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitionactivities of oils extracted from seeds of seven new sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) lines. Turkish Journal of Botany, 45(8), 765-775. [CrossRef]
- 24. Abdalla, A.A., Yagi, S., Abdallah, A.H., Abdalla, M., Sinan, K.I., Zengin, G. (2021). Phenolic profile, antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties of seed methanolic extract of seven new Sunflower lines: From fields to industrial applications. Process Biochemistry, 111, 53-61. [CrossRef]
- 25. Mutiah, R., Ulfah, J., Amrulloh, M.F., Suryadinata, A., Indrawijaya, Y.Y.A., Rahmawati, A. (2022). Induction of Helianthus annuus leaves extract to HeLa cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in S, G2-M and M5 phase. Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention, 13(1), 1-11.
- 26. Adascălului, M., Multescu, M., Mihai, A.L., Bobea, S.A., Florea, C., Belc, N. (2022). Cytotoxicity assessment and nutritional profiling of bio-active compounds obtained from food waste. Processes, 11(1), 89. [CrossRef]
There are 26 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Pharmacognosy |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | TAGEM/TBAD/B/22/A7/P4/5581 |
| Early Pub Date | May 2, 2025 |
| Publication Date | |
| Submission Date | November 1, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | January 28, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 |