The Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University is an international medium, an open access, peer-reviewed journal for the publication of original research reports, reviews and short communications in English or Turkish on relevant developments in pharmaceutical sciences., Proceeding of scientific meetings may be published as special issues of supplements to the journal. Additionally, it contains previous and forthcoming national and international scientific meetings with social activities in pharmaceutical areas.
Research Article
EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF SERUM ADIPOKINE HORMONE LEVELS WITH THE DEGREE AND SOME MARKERS OF OBESITY IN OBESE CHILDREN
Abstract
Objective: Obesity is defined as excessive increase in adipose tissue in the body. Adipose tissue also provides the secretion of adipokine hormones such as leptin, adiponectin, asprosin and apelin, which play an important role in metabolism and energy homeostasis. For this reason, changes in the levels of these adipokine hormones secreted from the adipose tissue, not the increase in adipose tissue alone, are effective in determining childhood obesity and explaining the pathological mechanisms. Evaluation of these polypeptides will be effective in the diagnosis of obesity and elucidating the pathological mechanisms associated with obesity.
Material and Method: In our study, it was conducted to reveal the relationship of obese children with some markers of obesity such as serum leptin, adiponectin, asprosin and apelin levels, and blood lipids, fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) values. 105 obese children and 38 normal weight children participated in our study. The demographic information of the children was determined by the face-to-face survey method. Leptin, adiponectin, asprosin and apelin levels were determined in morning fasting blood samples from obese and normal weight children with the help of commercial Elisa kit.
Result and Discussion: Leptin and adiponectin levels were not different in obese and normal weight children (p>0.05). Asprosin and apelin levels were found to be significantly higher in obese children compared to normal weight children (p<0.001). Positive correlations were observed between adipokine hormones in both obese and normal children. The ratios of leptin/asprosin, leptin/apelin, adiponectin/asprosin, adiponectin/apelin, asprosin/apelin were found to be statistically significantly lower in obese children when compared with normal weight children (p<0.05). In our study, high levels of asprosin and apelin, which have conflicting results in the literature, and positive correlations between adipokine hormones can be considered as important findings.
Keywords
Project Number
Project No: TYL-2021-7240
References
- 1. Eidhin, G.M.Á.N., Matvienko-Sikar, K., Redsell, S.A. (2024). Identifying behavior change techniques (BCTs) in responsive feeding interventions to prevent childhood obesity-A systematic review. Obesity Reviews. [Crossref]
- 2. Özcebe, H., Bağcı Bosi, T., Yardım, N., Yardım, M.S., Gögen, S. (2016). Türkiye Çocukluk Çağı (İlkokul 2. Sınıf Öğrencileri) Şişmanlık Araştırması COSI-TUR 2016. (1.baskı) Ankara, 2017, pp.1-2.
- 3. Amoadu, M., Obeng, P., Abekah Baah, J., Acquah, P., Cobbinah, G., Aku Ogum, M., Owusu Sarfo, J., Wilson Ansah, E. (2024). Overweight and obesity among in-school children and adolescents (5-19 years) in Ghana: A scoping review of prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Obesity, 8895265. [Crossref]
- 4. Kumar, S., Kelly, A.S. (2017). Review of childhood obesity: From epidemiology, etiology, and comorbidities to clinical assessment and treatment. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(2), 251-265. [Crossref]
- 5. Özcebe, H., Bağcı Bosi, T.A. (2013) Türkiye Çocukluk Çağı (İlkokul 2. Sınıf Öğrencileri) Şişmanlık Araştırması COSI-TUR 2013. (1.baskı) Ankara, 2014, pp.75-76.
- 6. Grossman, D.C., Bibbins-Domingo, K., Curry, S.J., Barry, M.J., Davidson, K.W., Doubeni, C.A., Epling, J. W., Jr, Kemper, A. R., Krist, A. H., Kurth, A. E., Landefeld, C. S., Mangione, C. M., Phipps, M. G., Silverstein, M., Simon, M.A., Tseng, C.W. (2017). Screening for obesity in children and adolescents: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA, 317(23), 2417-2426. [Crossref]
- 7. Palacios-Marin, I., Serra, D., Jimenez-Chillarón, J., Herrero, L., Todorčević, M. (2023). Adipose tissue dynamics: Cellular and lipid turnover in health and disease. Nutrients, 15(18), 3968. [Crossref]
- 8. Long, W., Xie, X., Du, C., Zhao, Y., Zhang, C., Zhan, D., Li, Z., Ning, Q., Luo, X. (2019). Decreased circulating levels of asprosin in obese children. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 91(4), 271-277. [Crossref]
- 9. Ba, H. J., Chen, H.S., Su, Z., Du, M.L., Chen, Q.L., Li, Y.H., Ma, H.M. (2014). Associations between serum apelin-12 levels and obesity-related markers in Chinese children. PloS One, 9(1). [Crossref]
- 10. Demirci, Ş., Gün, C. (2017). Adipose tissue and some proteins secreted from adipose tissue. MAKÜ Saglık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 155-179.
- 11. Keskin, M., Kurtoglu, S., Kendirci, M., Atabek, M.E., Yazici, C. (2005). Homeostasis model assessment is more reliable than the fasting glucose/insulin ratio and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index for assessing insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 115(4). [Crossref]
- 12. Steppan, C.M., Bailey, S.T., Bhat, S., Brown, E.J., Banerjee, R.R., Wright, C.M., Patel, H.R., Ahima, R.S., Lazar, M. A. (2001). The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature, 409(6818), 307–312. [Crossref]
- 13. Kralisch, S., Klein, J., Bluher, M., Paschke, R., Stumvoll, M., Fasshauer, M. (2005). Therapeutic perspectives of adipocytokines. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 6(6), 863-872. [Crossref]
- 14. Park, H.K., Ahima, R.S. (2015). Physiology of leptin: energy homeostasis, neuroendocrine function and metabolism. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 64(1), 24-34. [Crossref]
- 15. Farr, O.M., Gavrieli, A., Mantzoros, C.S. (2015). Leptin applications in 2015: What have we learned about leptin and obesity? Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity, 22(5), 353-359. [Crossref]
- 16. Nappo, A., González-Gil, E.M., Ahrens, W., Bammann, K., Michels, N., Moreno, L.A., Kourides, Y., Iacoviello, L., Mårild, S., Fraterman, A., Molnàr, D., Veidebaum, T., Siani, A., Russo, P. (2017). Analysis of the association of leptin and adiponectin concentrations with metabolic syndrome in children: Results from the IDEFICS study. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases: NMCD, 27(6), 543-551. [Crossref]
- 17. Wu, D.M., Shen, M.H., Chu, N.F. (2001). Relationship between plasma leptin levels and lipid profiles among school children in Taiwan-The Taipei children heart study. European Journal of Epidemiology, 17(10), 911-916. [Crossref]
- 18. Gariballa, S., Alkaabi, J., Yasin, J., Al Essa, A. (2019). Total adiponectin in overweight and obese subjects and its response to visceral fat loss. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 19(1), 55. [Crossref]
- 19. Tapan, S., Tascilar, E., Abaci, A., Sonmez, A., Kilic, S., Erbil, M.K., Ozcan, O. (2010). Decreased plasma apelin levels in pubertal obese children. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism: JPEM, 23(10), 1039-1046. [Crossref]
- 20. Wang, M., Yin, C., Wang, L., Liu, Y., Li, H., Li, M., Yi, X., Xiao, Y. (2019). Serum asprosin concentrations are increased and associated with insulin resistance in children with obesity. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 75(4), 205-212. [Crossref]
- 21. Sünnetçi Silistre, E., Hatipoğl, H.U. (2020). Increased serum circulating asprosin levels in children with obesity. Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 62(4), 467-476. [Crossref]
- 22. El Wakeel, M.A., El-Kassas, G.M., Kamhawy, A.H., Galal, E.M., Nassar, M.S., Hammad, E.M., El-Zayat, S.R. (2018). Serum apelin and obesity-related complications in Egyptian children. Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(8), 1354-1358. [Crossref]
- 23. Ba, H.J., Chen, H.S., Su, Z., Du, M.L., Chen, Q.L., Li, Y.H., Ma, H.M. (2014). Associations between serum apelin-12 levels and obesity-related markers in Chinese children. PloS One, 9(1). [Crossref]
- 24. Frithioff-Bøjsøe, C., Lund, M.A.V., Lausten-Thomsen, U., Hedley, P.L., Pedersen, O., Christiansen, M., Baker, J.L., Hansen, T., Holm, J.C. (2020). Leptin, adiponectin, and their ratio as markers of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk in childhood obesity. Pediatric Diabetes, 21(2), 194-202. [Crossref]
- 25. Koebnick, C., Shaibi, G.Q., Kelly, L.A., Roberts, C.K., Lane, C.J., Toledo-Corral, C., Davis, J.N., Byrd-Williams, C., Weigensberg, M.J., Goran, M.I. (2007). Leptin-to-adiponectin ratio as independent predictor of insulin sensitivity during growth in overweight Hispanic youth. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 30(7), RC13-RC16. [Crossref]
- 26. Corica, D., Aversa, T., Currò, M., Tropeano, A., Pepe, G., Alibrandi, A., Ientile, R., Wasniewska, M. (2021). Asprosin serum levels and glucose homeostasis in children with obesity. Cytokine, 142, 155477. [Crossref]
- 27. Xu, L., Li, M., Yin, J., Cheng, H., Yu, M., Zhao, X., Xiao, X., Mi, J. (2012). Change of body composition and adipokines and their relationship with insulin resistance across pubertal development in obese and nonobese Chinese children: The BCAMS study. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2012, 389108. [Crossref]
OBEZ ÇOCUKLARDA SERUM ADİPOKİN HORMON DÜZEYLERİNİN OBEZİTE DERECELERİ VE BAZI BELİRTEÇLERİ İLE İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Abstract
Amaç: Obezite, vücuttaki yağ dokusunun aşırı artışı olarak tanımlanır. Yağ dokusu ayrıca metabolizma ve enerji homeostazında önemli rol oynayan leptin, adiponektin, asprosin ve apelin gibi adipokin hormonlarının salgılanmasını sağlar. Bu nedenle, sadece yağ dokusundaki artış değil, yağ dokusundan salgılanan bu adipokin hormonlarının düzeylerindeki değişiklikler çocukluk çağı obezitesini belirlemede ve patolojik mekanizmaları açıklamada etkilidir. Bu polipeptitlerin değerlendirilmesi obezitenin tanısında ve obeziteyle ilişkili patolojik mekanizmaların aydınlatılmasında etkili olacaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız, obez çocukların serum leptin, adiponektin, asprosin ve apelin düzeyleri gibi bazı obezite belirteçleri ile kan lipitleri, açlık kan şekeri ve insülin direnci indeksi (HOMA-IR) değerleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmamıza 105 obez çocuk ve 38 normal kilolu çocuk dahil edildi. Çocukların demografik bilgileri yüz yüze anket yöntemi ile belirlendi. Leptin, adiponektin, asprosin ve apelin düzeyleri obez ve normal kilolu çocuklardan alınan sabah açlık kan örneklerinde ticari Elisa kiti yardımıyla tayin edildi.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Leptin ve adiponektin düzeyleri obez ve normal kilolu çocuklarda farklı değildi (p>0,05). Asprosin ve apelin düzeyleri obez çocuklarda normal kilolu çocuklara göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). Hem obez hem de normal kilolu çocuklarda adipokin hormonları arasında pozitif korelasyonlar gözlendi. Leptin/asprosin, leptin/apelin, adiponektin/asprosin, adiponektin/apelin, asprosin/apelin oranları obez çocuklarda normal kilolu çocuklara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde düşük bulundu (p<0,05). Çalışmamızda literatürde çelişkili sonuçlar bulunan asprosin ve apelin düzeylerinin yüksek olması ve adipokin hormonları arasındaki pozitif korelasyonlar önemli bulgular olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Project Number
Project No: TYL-2021-7240
References
- 1. Eidhin, G.M.Á.N., Matvienko-Sikar, K., Redsell, S.A. (2024). Identifying behavior change techniques (BCTs) in responsive feeding interventions to prevent childhood obesity-A systematic review. Obesity Reviews. [Crossref]
- 2. Özcebe, H., Bağcı Bosi, T., Yardım, N., Yardım, M.S., Gögen, S. (2016). Türkiye Çocukluk Çağı (İlkokul 2. Sınıf Öğrencileri) Şişmanlık Araştırması COSI-TUR 2016. (1.baskı) Ankara, 2017, pp.1-2.
- 3. Amoadu, M., Obeng, P., Abekah Baah, J., Acquah, P., Cobbinah, G., Aku Ogum, M., Owusu Sarfo, J., Wilson Ansah, E. (2024). Overweight and obesity among in-school children and adolescents (5-19 years) in Ghana: A scoping review of prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Obesity, 8895265. [Crossref]
- 4. Kumar, S., Kelly, A.S. (2017). Review of childhood obesity: From epidemiology, etiology, and comorbidities to clinical assessment and treatment. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(2), 251-265. [Crossref]
- 5. Özcebe, H., Bağcı Bosi, T.A. (2013) Türkiye Çocukluk Çağı (İlkokul 2. Sınıf Öğrencileri) Şişmanlık Araştırması COSI-TUR 2013. (1.baskı) Ankara, 2014, pp.75-76.
- 6. Grossman, D.C., Bibbins-Domingo, K., Curry, S.J., Barry, M.J., Davidson, K.W., Doubeni, C.A., Epling, J. W., Jr, Kemper, A. R., Krist, A. H., Kurth, A. E., Landefeld, C. S., Mangione, C. M., Phipps, M. G., Silverstein, M., Simon, M.A., Tseng, C.W. (2017). Screening for obesity in children and adolescents: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA, 317(23), 2417-2426. [Crossref]
- 7. Palacios-Marin, I., Serra, D., Jimenez-Chillarón, J., Herrero, L., Todorčević, M. (2023). Adipose tissue dynamics: Cellular and lipid turnover in health and disease. Nutrients, 15(18), 3968. [Crossref]
- 8. Long, W., Xie, X., Du, C., Zhao, Y., Zhang, C., Zhan, D., Li, Z., Ning, Q., Luo, X. (2019). Decreased circulating levels of asprosin in obese children. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 91(4), 271-277. [Crossref]
- 9. Ba, H. J., Chen, H.S., Su, Z., Du, M.L., Chen, Q.L., Li, Y.H., Ma, H.M. (2014). Associations between serum apelin-12 levels and obesity-related markers in Chinese children. PloS One, 9(1). [Crossref]
- 10. Demirci, Ş., Gün, C. (2017). Adipose tissue and some proteins secreted from adipose tissue. MAKÜ Saglık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 155-179.
- 11. Keskin, M., Kurtoglu, S., Kendirci, M., Atabek, M.E., Yazici, C. (2005). Homeostasis model assessment is more reliable than the fasting glucose/insulin ratio and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index for assessing insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 115(4). [Crossref]
- 12. Steppan, C.M., Bailey, S.T., Bhat, S., Brown, E.J., Banerjee, R.R., Wright, C.M., Patel, H.R., Ahima, R.S., Lazar, M. A. (2001). The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature, 409(6818), 307–312. [Crossref]
- 13. Kralisch, S., Klein, J., Bluher, M., Paschke, R., Stumvoll, M., Fasshauer, M. (2005). Therapeutic perspectives of adipocytokines. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 6(6), 863-872. [Crossref]
- 14. Park, H.K., Ahima, R.S. (2015). Physiology of leptin: energy homeostasis, neuroendocrine function and metabolism. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 64(1), 24-34. [Crossref]
- 15. Farr, O.M., Gavrieli, A., Mantzoros, C.S. (2015). Leptin applications in 2015: What have we learned about leptin and obesity? Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity, 22(5), 353-359. [Crossref]
- 16. Nappo, A., González-Gil, E.M., Ahrens, W., Bammann, K., Michels, N., Moreno, L.A., Kourides, Y., Iacoviello, L., Mårild, S., Fraterman, A., Molnàr, D., Veidebaum, T., Siani, A., Russo, P. (2017). Analysis of the association of leptin and adiponectin concentrations with metabolic syndrome in children: Results from the IDEFICS study. Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases: NMCD, 27(6), 543-551. [Crossref]
- 17. Wu, D.M., Shen, M.H., Chu, N.F. (2001). Relationship between plasma leptin levels and lipid profiles among school children in Taiwan-The Taipei children heart study. European Journal of Epidemiology, 17(10), 911-916. [Crossref]
- 18. Gariballa, S., Alkaabi, J., Yasin, J., Al Essa, A. (2019). Total adiponectin in overweight and obese subjects and its response to visceral fat loss. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 19(1), 55. [Crossref]
- 19. Tapan, S., Tascilar, E., Abaci, A., Sonmez, A., Kilic, S., Erbil, M.K., Ozcan, O. (2010). Decreased plasma apelin levels in pubertal obese children. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism: JPEM, 23(10), 1039-1046. [Crossref]
- 20. Wang, M., Yin, C., Wang, L., Liu, Y., Li, H., Li, M., Yi, X., Xiao, Y. (2019). Serum asprosin concentrations are increased and associated with insulin resistance in children with obesity. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 75(4), 205-212. [Crossref]
- 21. Sünnetçi Silistre, E., Hatipoğl, H.U. (2020). Increased serum circulating asprosin levels in children with obesity. Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 62(4), 467-476. [Crossref]
- 22. El Wakeel, M.A., El-Kassas, G.M., Kamhawy, A.H., Galal, E.M., Nassar, M.S., Hammad, E.M., El-Zayat, S.R. (2018). Serum apelin and obesity-related complications in Egyptian children. Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 6(8), 1354-1358. [Crossref]
- 23. Ba, H.J., Chen, H.S., Su, Z., Du, M.L., Chen, Q.L., Li, Y.H., Ma, H.M. (2014). Associations between serum apelin-12 levels and obesity-related markers in Chinese children. PloS One, 9(1). [Crossref]
- 24. Frithioff-Bøjsøe, C., Lund, M.A.V., Lausten-Thomsen, U., Hedley, P.L., Pedersen, O., Christiansen, M., Baker, J.L., Hansen, T., Holm, J.C. (2020). Leptin, adiponectin, and their ratio as markers of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk in childhood obesity. Pediatric Diabetes, 21(2), 194-202. [Crossref]
- 25. Koebnick, C., Shaibi, G.Q., Kelly, L.A., Roberts, C.K., Lane, C.J., Toledo-Corral, C., Davis, J.N., Byrd-Williams, C., Weigensberg, M.J., Goran, M.I. (2007). Leptin-to-adiponectin ratio as independent predictor of insulin sensitivity during growth in overweight Hispanic youth. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 30(7), RC13-RC16. [Crossref]
- 26. Corica, D., Aversa, T., Currò, M., Tropeano, A., Pepe, G., Alibrandi, A., Ientile, R., Wasniewska, M. (2021). Asprosin serum levels and glucose homeostasis in children with obesity. Cytokine, 142, 155477. [Crossref]
- 27. Xu, L., Li, M., Yin, J., Cheng, H., Yu, M., Zhao, X., Xiao, X., Mi, J. (2012). Change of body composition and adipokines and their relationship with insulin resistance across pubertal development in obese and nonobese Chinese children: The BCAMS study. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2012, 389108. [Crossref]
There are 27 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Pharmaceutical Biochemistry |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | Project No: TYL-2021-7240 |
| Early Pub Date | May 8, 2025 |
| Publication Date | |
| Submission Date | December 15, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | February 26, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 |