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The Relationship between Diabetes Risk, Activity Levels and Mediterranean Type Nutritional Behaviors

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 193 - 208

İbrahim Topuz , Sercan Gümüş , Sebahat Gözüm

Abstract

Background: According to the American Diabetes Association data, individuals aged 45 and over are at risk for diabetes.
Objectives: It is the determination of diabetes risk, physical activity levels and Mediterranean type nutritional behaviors in individuals aged 45 and over.
Methods: Individuals aged 45 and over 250 who applied to XXX Provincial Healthy Life Center between October 2022 and January 2023 were included in this descriptive, relationship-seeking study. Descriptive Characteristics Form and Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale were applied to the individuals participating in the study.
Results: 50.8% of individuals are slightly overweight in terms of body mass index. Waist circumference of 49.2% of individuals is in the risky range (80-88 cm). 32% of individuals had a high risk of diabetes, 43.2% were inactive and 92.4% had low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Diabetes risk increases as physical activity level decreases (r=-.17, p<.05). As the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet increases, the level of physical activity also increases significantly (r=.23, p<.001).
Conclusion: Increased physical activity and high adherence to the Mediterranean diet are of great importance in reducing the risk of diabetes in individuals aged 45 and over. Since the physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are very low in the population in which the study was conducted, it is thought that the risk of diabetes will increase further in the future.

Keywords

Mediterranean diet Diabetes Risk Physical Activity 45 Age and Above.

Ethical Statement

In order to conduct the research, ethical approval from the Kütahya Health Sciences University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (dated 14.09.2022 and numbered 2022/09-16) and the necessary institutional permission from the Kütahya Provincial Health Directorate (dated 21.11.2022 and numbered 2022/70) ) was taken. Written informed consent was obtained from individuals stating that they volunteered to participate in the study. Permission was obtained from the authors for the scales used in this study. This study was carried out in accordance with the Principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Research and publication ethics were complied with.

Supporting Institution

The authors received no financial support for this study. Expenses were covered by the authors.

Project Number

-

Thanks

The authors would like to thank the individuals who participated in this study and the staff of Kütahya Healthy Life Center for their support during the data collection phase of the study.

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Diyabet Riski, Aktivite Düzeyleri ile Akdeniz Tipi Beslenme Davranışları İlişkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 193 - 208

İbrahim Topuz , Sercan Gümüş , Sebahat Gözüm

Abstract

Giriş: Amerikan Diyabet Birliği verilerine yönelik 45 yaş ve üzeri bireyler diyabete yönelik risklidir.
Amaç: 45 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde diyabet riski, fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile akdeniz tipi beslenme davranışlarının belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı, ilişki arayıcı türde olan bu çalışmaya Ekim 2022-Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında XXX İli Sağlıklı Hayat Merkezi’ne başvuran, 45 yaş ve üzeri 250 birey dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan bireylere Tanımlayıcı Özellikler Formu ve Finlandiya Tip 2 Diyabet Risk Anketi, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi ve Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Bireylerin %50.8’i beden kitle indeksine göre hafif kiloludur. Bireylerin %49.2’sinin bel çevresi riskli aralıkta (80-88 cm) yer almaktadır. Bireylerin %32’si yüksek diyabet riskine sahip olup, %43.2’si inaktif ve %92.4’ünün akdeniz diyeti uyumu düşük düzeyde bulunmuştur. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi düştükçe diyabet riski artmaktadır (r=-.17, p<.050). Akdeniz diyeti bağlılık düzeyi arttıkça fiziksel aktivite düzeyi de anlamlı bir şekilde artmaktadır (r=.23, p<.001).
Sonuç: 45 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin diyabet risklerinin azaltılmasında artmış fiziksel aktivitenin, Akdeniz diyetine yüksek bağlılığın önemi büyüktür. Çalışmanın yapıldığı popülasyonda fiziksel aktivite ve akdeniz diyetine bağlılık çok düşük olduğu için diyabet riskini ilerleyen dönemlerde daha da artacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Akdeniz Tipi Beslenme Diyabet Riski Fiziksel Aktivite 45 Yaş ve Üzeri.

Ethical Statement

Araştırmanın yürütülebilmesi için Kütahya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan etik onay (14.09.2022 tarih ve 2022/09-16 sayılı) ve Kütahya İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü’nden gerekli kurum izni (21.11.2022 tarih ve 2022/70 sayılı) alınmıştır. Bireylerden çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü olduklarına dair yazılı bilgilendirilmiş onam alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan ölçekler için yazarlardan izin alınmıştır. Bu çalışma Helsinki Deklerasyonu Prensipleri’ne uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuştur.

Supporting Institution

Yazarlar bu çalışma için herhangi bir mali destek almamıştır. Giderler yazarlar tarafından karşılanmıştır.

Project Number

-

Thanks

Yazarlar, bu çalışmaya katılan bireylere ve çalışmanın veri toplama aşamasındaki desteklerinden ötürü Kütahya Sağlıklı Hayat Merkezi çalışanlarına teşekkür eder.

References

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  • ADA. (2022). Standarts of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 45(Suppl. 1), 17–38. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-S002
  • Agrawal, N., Agrawal, M.K., Kumari, T., ve Kumar, S. (2017). Correlation between body mass in-dex and blood glucose levels in Jharkhand population. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research, 4(8): 1633-1636.
  • Alvarez-Alvarez, I., Zazpe, I., de Rojas, J.P., Bes-Rastrollo, M., Ruiz-Canela, M., Fernandez-Montero, A., ... Martínez-González, M.A. (2018). Mediterranean diet, physical activity and their com-bined effect on all-cause mortality: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Preventive Medicine, 106, 45-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.09.021.
  • Aune, D., Norat, T., Leitzmann, M., Tonstad, S., ve Vatten, L.J. (2015). Physical activity and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. European Journal of Epi-demiology, 30(7), 529–542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-015-0056-z
  • BACPR. (2023). The BACPR Standards and Core Components for Cardiovascular Disease Preven-tion and Rehabilitation. 30 Nisan 2024 tarihinde https://www.bacpr.org/__data/ as-sets/pdf_file/0021/64236/BACPR-Standards-and-Core-Components-2023.pdf. adresinden erişildi.
  • Bai, A., Tao, J., Tao, L., ve Liu, J. (2021). Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes among adults aged 45 years or older in China: A national cross-sectional study. Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabo-lism, 4(3), e00265. https://doi.org/10.1002/edm2.265
  • Cea‐Soriano, L., Pulido, J., Franch‐Nadal, J., Santos, J.M., Mata‐Cases, M., Díez‐Espino, J., ... the PREDAPS Study Group. (2022). Mediterranean diet and diabetes risk in a cohort study of individuals with prediabetes: Propensity score analyses. Diabetic Medicine, 39(6), e14768. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14768
  • Chai, Y., Liu, Y., Yang, R., Kuang, M., Qiu, J., ve Zou, Y. (2022). Association of body mass index with risk of prediabetes in Chinese adults: A population-based cohort study. Journal of Diabetes Inves-tigation, 13(7), 1235-1244. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13783.
  • Cheng, C.H., Ho, C.C., Yang, C.F., Huang, Y.C., Lai, C.H., ve Liaw, Y.P. (2010). Waist-to-hip ra-tio is a better anthropometric index than body mass index for predicting the risk of type 2 diabetes in Taiwanese population. Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.), 30(9), 585–593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2010.08.007
  • Chopra, I., ve Chopra, A. (2017). Risk perception for diabetes in Appalachian women. Women & Health, 57(5), 534–550. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2016.1176100
  • Craig, C.L., Marshall, A.L., Sjöström, M., Bauman, A.E., Booth, M.L., Ainsworth, B.E., ... Oja, P. (2003). International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(8), 1381–1395. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB
  • Deery, C.B., Hales, D.P., Viera, L., Lin, F., Liu, Z., Olsson, E., ... Viera, A.J. (2019). Physical ac-tivity calorie expenditure (PACE) labels in worksite cafeterias: effects on physical activity. BMC Public Health, 19, 1596. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7960-1
  • Elagizi, A., Kachur, S., Carbone, S., Lavie, C.J., ve Blair, S.N. (2020). A review of obesity, physi-cal activity, and cardiovascular disease. Current Obesity Reports, 9(4), 571–581. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00403-z
  • Erdoğan, G., ve Coşansu, G. (2021). Diyabet risk farkındalığı: Bir metropol örneği. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi, 30(5), 307-316. https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.876596
  • Etbaş Demirağ, H. (2016). Tip-2 diabetes mellituslu hastaların birinci derece yakınlarında di-yabet risk değerlendirmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). Erişilen veri tabanı adı: Ulusal tez merkezi (Tez no: 419878).
  • Filippatos, T.D., Panagiotakos, D.B., Georgousopoulou, E.N., Pitaraki, E., Kouli, G.M., Chryso-hoou, C., ... ATTICA Study Group. (2016). Mediterranean diet and 10-year (2002-2012) incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in participants with prediabetes: The ATTICA study. The Review of Diabetic Studies: RDS, 13(4), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.1900/RDS.2016.13.226
  • Gezer, C., ve Ulusan, D. (2020). Tip 2 diyabetes mellituslu bireylerde hastalık bilgi durumu, sağlıklı yaşam biçimi ve yaşam kalitesi ilişkili mi?. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 77(2), 155-166.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Health Nursing
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İbrahim Topuz 0000-0003-0540-2095

Sercan Gümüş 0000-0001-5925-7220

Sebahat Gözüm 0000-0001-8672-8016

Project Number -
Early Pub Date April 15, 2025
Publication Date
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Topuz, İ., Gümüş, S., & Gözüm, S. (2025). Diyabet Riski, Aktivite Düzeyleri ile Akdeniz Tipi Beslenme Davranışları İlişkisi. Etkili Hemşirelik Dergisi, 18(2), 193-208.
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