Research Article
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Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach

Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 200 - 228

Sinan Çıkmak

https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.1671070

Abstract

Industrial symbiosis (IS), a crucial tool for reducing industrial waste, preventing pollution, and enhancing resource efficiency, is emerging as one of the sustainable approaches. IS is a network structure in which independent industrial enterprises cooperate and use the waste or by-products of one as raw material for the other. This synergistic network structure can help companies reduce costs, boost efficiency, and lessen negative environmental impacts. However, successful IS implementation relies on key enabling factors facilitating collaboration and ensuring mutual benefits among participants. This study focuses on Türkiye, where the development of IS networks holds significant potential due to its industrial diversity and growing emphasis on sustainability. It aims to rank the critical enabling factors in fostering these networks. To achieve this aim, Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA), a subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique that systematically evaluates and ranks criteria based on expert judgments, was employed. This approach was integrated with hesitant fuzzy sets to account for uncertainty and hesitation in expert opinions, ensuring a more robust assessment of the enabling factors. In the present study, a comprehensive literature review and expert opinions were employed to identify 23 sub-enablers falling under five main dimensions. The hesitant fuzzy SWARA method was then applied to calculate their importance weights. The results of the study indicate that the five most critical sub-enablers are, in descending order of importance: "reduction of raw material costs," "interest and support from top management," "reduction of waste disposal costs," "geographical proximity," and "openness to new business ideas."

Keywords

Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Hesitant Fuzzy Sets SWARA

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Year 2025, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 200 - 228

Sinan Çıkmak

https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.1671070

Abstract

References

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  • Agudo, F. L., Bezerra, B. S., Paes, L. A. B., & Júnior, J. A. G. (2022). Proposal of an assessment tool to diagnose industrial symbiosis readiness. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 30, 916–929.
  • Alakaş, H. M., Gür, Ş., Özcan, E., & Eren, T. (2020). Ranking of sustainability criteria for industrial symbiosis applications based on ANP. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 28(4), 192–201.
  • Alimardani, M., Hashemkhani Zolfani, S., Aghdaie, M. H., & Tamošaitienė, J. (2013). A novel hybrid SWARA and VIKOR methodology for supplier selection in an agile environment. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 19(3), 533–548.
  • Alkaya, E. (2021). Türkiye’de endüstriyel simbiyoz: Mevcut durum raporu. İzmir Development Agency. https://endustriyelsimbiyoz.ikvp.izka.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/EK-6.-Endustriyel-Simbiyoz-Mevcut-Durum-Raporu_public.pdf
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  • Chertow, M. R., Ashton, W. S., & Espinosa, J. C. (2008). Industrial symbiosis in Puerto Rico: Environmentally related agglomeration economies. Regional Studies, 42(10), 1299–1312.
  • Chrysikopoulos, S. K., Chountalas, P. T., Georgakellos, D. A., & Lagodimos, A. G. (2024). Modeling critical success factors for industrial symbiosis. Eng, 5(4), 2902–2919.
  • Corder, G. D., Golev, A., Fyfe, J., & King, S. (2014). The status of industrial ecology in Australia: Barriers and enablers. Resources, 3(2), 340–361.
  • Demircioğlu, E. N., & Ever, D. (2020). Döngüsel ekonomiye geçişte endüstriyel simbiyozun maliyetler üzerine etkisi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 29(3), 461–473.
  • Dolgen, D., & Alpaslan, M. N. (2020). Eco-industrial parks: Experiences from Turkey. Global Journal of Ecology, 5(1), 30–32.
  • Domenech, T., Bleischwitz, R., Doranova, A., Panayotopoulos, D., & Roman, L. (2019). Mapping industrial symbiosis development in Europe: Typologies of networks, characteristics, performance and contribution to the circular economy. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 141, 76–98.
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  • Erol, I., Peker, I., Ar, I. M., & Searcy, C. (2023). Examining the role of urban-industrial symbiosis in the circular economy: An approach based on N-Force field theory of change and N-ISM-Micmac. Operations Management Research, 16(4), 2125–2147.
  • Farhadinia, B., & Herrera-Viedma, E. (2019). Multiple criteria group decision making method based on extended hesitant fuzzy sets with unknown weight information. Applied Soft Computing, 78, 310–323.
  • Ghenai, C., Albawab, M., & Bettayeb, M. (2020). Sustainability indicators for renewable energy systems using multi-criteria decision-making model and extended SWARA/ARAS hybrid method. Renewable Energy, 146, 580–589.
  • Ghorabaee, M. K., Amiri, M., Zavadskas, E. K., & Antucheviciene, J. (2018). A new hybrid fuzzy MCDM approach for evaluation of construction equipment with sustainability considerations. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 18, 32–49.
  • Ghorui, N., Ghosh, A., Mondal, S. P., Bajuri, M. Y., Ahmadian, A., Salahshour, S., & Ferrara, M. (2021). Identification of dominant risk factor involved in spread of COVID-19 using hesitant fuzzy MCDM methodology. Results in Physics, 21, 103811.
  • Gibbs, D. (2003). Trust and networking in inter-firm relations: The case of eco-industrial development. Local Economy, 18(3), 222–236.
  • Giurco, D., Bossilkov, A., Patterson, J., & Kazaglis, A. (2011). Developing industrial water reuse synergies in Port Melbourne: Cost effectiveness, barriers and opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(8), 867–876.
  • Gök Kısa, A. C., & Ayçin, E. (2019). OECD ülkelerinin lojistik performanslarının SWARA tabanlı EDAS yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1), 301–325.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sinan Çıkmak 0000-0002-4704-3409

Early Pub Date July 2, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date April 7, 2025
Acceptance Date May 14, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çıkmak, S. (2025). Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 13(2), 200-228. https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.1671070
AMA Çıkmak S. Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach. About the Journal. July 2025;13(2):200-228. doi:10.22139/jobs.1671070
Chicago Çıkmak, Sinan. “Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach”. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi 13, no. 2 (July 2025): 200-228. https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.1671070.
EndNote Çıkmak S (July 1, 2025) Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi 13 2 200–228.
IEEE S. Çıkmak, “Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach”, About the Journal, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 200–228, 2025, doi: 10.22139/jobs.1671070.
ISNAD Çıkmak, Sinan. “Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach”. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi 13/2 (July 2025), 200-228. https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.1671070.
JAMA Çıkmak S. Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach. About the Journal. 2025;13:200–228.
MLA Çıkmak, Sinan. “Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach”. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 2, 2025, pp. 200-28, doi:10.22139/jobs.1671070.
Vancouver Çıkmak S. Prioritization of Industrial Symbiosis Enablers Using a Hesitant Fuzzy SWARA Approach. About the Journal. 2025;13(2):200-28.

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