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Anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone drug loaded on carbon nanotubes ‎

Year 2024, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 651 - 660, 28.06.2025

Shafq Al-azzawi Asmaa Hammadi Dhafir Masheta

Abstract

The activity of many anti-inflammatory drugs is limited due to inadequate tissue penetration and ‎targeting efficiency and side effects of free drug. A properly designed delivery system can enhance therapeutic activity by ‎overcoming these obstacles. ‎This study aims to load prednisolone drug molecules on carbon nanotubes carrier (CNT) ‎for improving its anti-inflammatory action and reducing the adverse reactions associated with using ‎higher doses of the unloaded drug. ‎CNT carrier was loaded with prednisolone by nano-extraction, and the ‎morphology and size were determined by a scanning electron microscope. X-ray ‎diffraction ‎patterns and FT-IR spectra were utilized for characterization. While the anti-inflammatory ‎activity of the loaded drug was examined biochemically through the assessment of interleukin-1 levels as an inflammatory marker using an in vitro tissue culture model composed of ‎HeLa cells. These cells were stimulated with TNF-α to initiate the activation of the nuclear factor-κB as an ‎inflammatory response.‎ Successful loading of drug was confirmed through microscopic examination results which showed that CNT ‎formed a network with bundles of ‎prednisolone molecules grafted onto the surface, and these results were confirmed by X-‎ray ‎diffraction and FT-IR. Whereas, the loaded drug still has its anti-inflammatory action, by ‎significant lowering in interleukin-1 levels which was detected in TNF-α-stimulated cells treated with prednisolone loaded ‎on CNT compared to unloaded CNT.‎ In conclusion, this study demonstrated, for the first time, a successful loading of prednisolone to a ‎CNT with a potential anti-inflammatory action making it a promising complex in treating ‎inflammatory diseases with reduced therapeutic doses.‎

Keywords

Anti-inflammatory action Interleukin-1 Carbon nanotube Prednisolone Drug delivery systems

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There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pharmaceutical Delivery Technologies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Shafq Al-azzawi 0000-0003-4243-0255

Asmaa Hammadi 0000-0003-2228-1416

Dhafir Masheta 0000-0003-0333-5407

Publication Date June 28, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 28 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Al-azzawi, S., Hammadi, A., & Masheta, D. (2025). Anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone drug loaded on carbon nanotubes ‎. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 28(3), 651-660.
AMA Al-azzawi S, Hammadi A, Masheta D. Anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone drug loaded on carbon nanotubes ‎. J. Res. Pharm. June 2025;28(3):651-660.
Chicago Al-azzawi, Shafq, Asmaa Hammadi, and Dhafir Masheta. “Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Prednisolone Drug Loaded on Carbon Nanotubes ‎”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28, no. 3 (June 2025): 651-60.
EndNote Al-azzawi S, Hammadi A, Masheta D (June 1, 2025) Anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone drug loaded on carbon nanotubes ‎. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28 3 651–660.
IEEE S. Al-azzawi, A. Hammadi, and D. Masheta, “Anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone drug loaded on carbon nanotubes ‎”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 651–660, 2025.
ISNAD Al-azzawi, Shafq et al. “Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Prednisolone Drug Loaded on Carbon Nanotubes ‎”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28/3 (June 2025), 651-660.
JAMA Al-azzawi S, Hammadi A, Masheta D. Anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone drug loaded on carbon nanotubes ‎. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28:651–660.
MLA Al-azzawi, Shafq et al. “Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Prednisolone Drug Loaded on Carbon Nanotubes ‎”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 28, no. 3, 2025, pp. 651-60.
Vancouver Al-azzawi S, Hammadi A, Masheta D. Anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone drug loaded on carbon nanotubes ‎. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28(3):651-60.