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Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indonesian medicinal plants extract: scale-up study and characterization

Year 2024, Volume: 28 Issue: 5, 1369 - 1377, 28.06.2025

Christina Avanti Selviana Qoyimah Ivan Hardianto Suliman Maria Angel Flora Karina Citra Rani Johan Sukweenadhi Kartini Kartini

Abstract

This study is a further scale-up trial from the previously reported process optimization study on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Indonesian medicinal plant extracts. The present study utilized Phyllanthus niruri (PN) herb extracts, Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) leaf extracts, and Curcuma longa (CL) rhizome extracts as reducing agents to synthesize AgNPs on a larger scale. Upscaling increased the synthesis volume (from 100 mL to 1000 mL) and the centrifugation volume (from 1 mL to 40 mL) at various durations at 70°C for 60 min. The results showed that the minimum centrifugation duration to obtain optimal AgNPs was 5 minutes. The formation AgNPs were then characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), particle size and zeta potential analyzer, and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results showed the spherical silver nanoparticles with an average particle size (MI) of 169 nm (PN), 179.1 nm (OS), and 623 nm (CL), polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.2202 (PN), 0.2579 (OS), and 0.00872 (CL) and the face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure. The green synthesis method using PN and OS extracts proved effective, environmentally friendly, safe, and cost-effective for the synthesis of AgNPs. The findings of this study have the potential to provide a green synthesis method for the production of AgNPs on a larger scale.

Keywords

Orthosiphon stamineus Phyllanthus niruri Curcuma longa scale-up green synthesis silver nanoparticles

References

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There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Christina Avanti 0000-0002-1770-8684

Selviana Qoyimah 0009-0009-5034-9781

Ivan Hardianto Suliman 0000-0002-6527-186X

Maria Angel Flora 0009-0005-9496-3485

Karina Citra Rani 0000-0003-2421-5754

Johan Sukweenadhi 0000-0001-6615-7447

Kartini Kartini 0000-0002-7685-9933

Publication Date June 28, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 28 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Avanti, C., Qoyimah, S., Suliman, I. H., Flora, M. A., et al. (2025). Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indonesian medicinal plants extract: scale-up study and characterization. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 28(5), 1369-1377.
AMA Avanti C, Qoyimah S, Suliman IH, Flora MA, Rani KC, Sukweenadhi J, Kartini K. Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indonesian medicinal plants extract: scale-up study and characterization. J. Res. Pharm. July 2025;28(5):1369-1377.
Chicago Avanti, Christina, Selviana Qoyimah, Ivan Hardianto Suliman, Maria Angel Flora, Karina Citra Rani, Johan Sukweenadhi, and Kartini Kartini. “Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Indonesian Medicinal Plants Extract: Scale-up Study and Characterization”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28, no. 5 (July 2025): 1369-77.
EndNote Avanti C, Qoyimah S, Suliman IH, Flora MA, Rani KC, Sukweenadhi J, Kartini K (July 1, 2025) Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indonesian medicinal plants extract: scale-up study and characterization. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28 5 1369–1377.
IEEE C. Avanti, S. Qoyimah, I. H. Suliman, M. A. Flora, K. C. Rani, J. Sukweenadhi, and K. Kartini, “Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indonesian medicinal plants extract: scale-up study and characterization”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 1369–1377, 2025.
ISNAD Avanti, Christina et al. “Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Indonesian Medicinal Plants Extract: Scale-up Study and Characterization”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 28/5 (July 2025), 1369-1377.
JAMA Avanti C, Qoyimah S, Suliman IH, Flora MA, Rani KC, Sukweenadhi J, Kartini K. Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indonesian medicinal plants extract: scale-up study and characterization. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28:1369–1377.
MLA Avanti, Christina et al. “Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Indonesian Medicinal Plants Extract: Scale-up Study and Characterization”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 28, no. 5, 2025, pp. 1369-77.
Vancouver Avanti C, Qoyimah S, Suliman IH, Flora MA, Rani KC, Sukweenadhi J, Kartini K. Environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indonesian medicinal plants extract: scale-up study and characterization. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;28(5):1369-77.