Abstract
References
- Kadum NB, Luaibi OK. Clinical study hypothyroidism in goats and treatment by iodine compounds. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2017;5(4):1956-1961.
- De Vijlder JJ. Primary congenital hypothyroidism: defects in iodine pathways. Eur J Endocrinol. 2003;149:247-256.
- Jarad A, Al Saad K. Goiter in cross breed goat kids at Basrah Province, Iraq. Arch Razi Inst. 2023;78:531.
- Singh R, Beigh S. Diseases of thyroid in animals and their management. Insights Vet Med. 2013;9:233-239.
- O'Dell BL, Sunde RA, eds. Handbook of Nutritionally Essential Mineral Elements. CRC Press; 1997.
- Nagella N, Thounaojam R, Kumar TS, Balaji KS. A comprehensive review of iodine deficiency in goats. Int J Vet Sci Anim Husb. 2024;9(5):317-320.
- Smith MC, Sherman DM. Iodine. In: Goat Medicine. 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2023:80-84.
- Nourani H, Sadr S. Case report of congenital goitre in a goat kid: Clinical and pathological findings. Vet Med Sci. 2023;9:2796-2799.
- Singh JL, Sharma MC, Kumar M, Gupta GC, Kumar S. Immune status of goats in endemic goitre and its therapeutic management. Small Rumin Res. 2006;63:249-255.
- Andrewartha KA, Caple IW, Davies WD, McDonald JW. Observations on serum thyroxine concentrations in lambs and ewes to assess iodine nutrition. Aust Vet J. 1980;56(1):18-21.
- Gürgöze S, Gökalp E. Şanlıurfa yöresi ankara tiftik ve halep keçi ırklarına ait bazı biyokimyasal kan parametreleri ile malondialdehit düzeylerinin tespiti. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2018;7:19-23.
- Wassner AJ, Brown RS. Congenital hypothyroidism: recent advances. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2015;22:407-412.
- Zimmermann MB. Iodine and the iodine deficiency disorders. In: Present Knowledge in Nutrition. 11th ed. Elsevier; 2020:429-441.
- Pankowski F, Paśko S, Bonecka J, et al. Ultrasonographic and anatomical examination of normal thyroid and internal parathyroid glands in goats. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(5):e0233685.
- Ozmen O, Haligur M. Immunohistochemical observations on TSH secreting cells in pituitary glands of goat kids with congenital goitre. J Vet Med A. 2005;52:454-459.
- Agrawal P, Philip R, Saran S, et al. Congenital hypothyroidism. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015;19(2):221-227.
- Wu Q, Rayman MP, Seviye H, et al. Low population selenium status is associated with increased prevalence of thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(11):4037–4047.
- Paksoy N, İriadam M. Kilis keçilerinde serum selenyum düzeylerinin araştırılması. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2012;1:6-8.
- Sabea AM, Al-Qaiym MA. The Impact of Selenium and Levothyroxine on the Immune System of Hypothyroid Rats. J Fac Med Baghdad. 2024;66:85-92.
Abstract
Goiter in goats is characterized by the inflammatory and non-neoplastic hypertrophy of the thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency, and is commonly seen in newborn and young animals. This case presentation involves a 40-day-old female kid of the Kilis breed. Anamnesis revealed a complaint since birth of a painless, palpable, oval-shaped mass that had been gradually enlarging on both sides of the cranioventral neck region. In the ultrasound examination, the length of the left thyroid gland was measured at 4.14 cm, the right at 3.51 cm, and the width was measured at 1.7 cm on the left and 2.07 cm on the right. In the biochemical analysis, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), total T3, and total T4 levels were measured as low, while the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triglycerides, and cholesterol were measured as high. The treatment included levothyroxine sodium (0.2 mg/kg orally once daily for 100 days) and a single intramuscular dose of sodium selenite (1 mg). After the treatment, free T3, free T4, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels increased while TSH reduced to the reference values measurement range. Congenital goiter, caused by iodine deficiency, was completely cured with the prescribed treatment protocol. Additionally, clinical examination, ultrasonography, and thyroid hormone analysis were found to be useful for diagnosing goiter in kids.
Keywords
References
- Kadum NB, Luaibi OK. Clinical study hypothyroidism in goats and treatment by iodine compounds. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2017;5(4):1956-1961.
- De Vijlder JJ. Primary congenital hypothyroidism: defects in iodine pathways. Eur J Endocrinol. 2003;149:247-256.
- Jarad A, Al Saad K. Goiter in cross breed goat kids at Basrah Province, Iraq. Arch Razi Inst. 2023;78:531.
- Singh R, Beigh S. Diseases of thyroid in animals and their management. Insights Vet Med. 2013;9:233-239.
- O'Dell BL, Sunde RA, eds. Handbook of Nutritionally Essential Mineral Elements. CRC Press; 1997.
- Nagella N, Thounaojam R, Kumar TS, Balaji KS. A comprehensive review of iodine deficiency in goats. Int J Vet Sci Anim Husb. 2024;9(5):317-320.
- Smith MC, Sherman DM. Iodine. In: Goat Medicine. 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2023:80-84.
- Nourani H, Sadr S. Case report of congenital goitre in a goat kid: Clinical and pathological findings. Vet Med Sci. 2023;9:2796-2799.
- Singh JL, Sharma MC, Kumar M, Gupta GC, Kumar S. Immune status of goats in endemic goitre and its therapeutic management. Small Rumin Res. 2006;63:249-255.
- Andrewartha KA, Caple IW, Davies WD, McDonald JW. Observations on serum thyroxine concentrations in lambs and ewes to assess iodine nutrition. Aust Vet J. 1980;56(1):18-21.
- Gürgöze S, Gökalp E. Şanlıurfa yöresi ankara tiftik ve halep keçi ırklarına ait bazı biyokimyasal kan parametreleri ile malondialdehit düzeylerinin tespiti. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2018;7:19-23.
- Wassner AJ, Brown RS. Congenital hypothyroidism: recent advances. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2015;22:407-412.
- Zimmermann MB. Iodine and the iodine deficiency disorders. In: Present Knowledge in Nutrition. 11th ed. Elsevier; 2020:429-441.
- Pankowski F, Paśko S, Bonecka J, et al. Ultrasonographic and anatomical examination of normal thyroid and internal parathyroid glands in goats. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(5):e0233685.
- Ozmen O, Haligur M. Immunohistochemical observations on TSH secreting cells in pituitary glands of goat kids with congenital goitre. J Vet Med A. 2005;52:454-459.
- Agrawal P, Philip R, Saran S, et al. Congenital hypothyroidism. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2015;19(2):221-227.
- Wu Q, Rayman MP, Seviye H, et al. Low population selenium status is associated with increased prevalence of thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(11):4037–4047.
- Paksoy N, İriadam M. Kilis keçilerinde serum selenyum düzeylerinin araştırılması. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2012;1:6-8.
- Sabea AM, Al-Qaiym MA. The Impact of Selenium and Levothyroxine on the Immune System of Hypothyroid Rats. J Fac Med Baghdad. 2024;66:85-92.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| Journal Section | Case Reports |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | December 10, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | May 14, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 5 Issue: 1 |
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