Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences

Abstract

Understanding travel behavior is critical for designing equitable and sustainable transportation systems, particularly in the context of rapid urbanization and rural-urban disparities. This study examines the differences in travel behavior between rural and urban areas, with a focus on the Izmir Urban Rail Mass Transit System (IZBAN) in Turkey. By analyzing data from 606 face-to-face surveys, the research explores key factors such as mode choice, trip purpose, travel distance, socio-economic influences, and user costs. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, chi-square tests, and hypothesis testing were applied using SPSS to identify patterns and significant differences in travel behavior between rural and urban respondents. The study highlights the distinct challenges faced by rural and urban travelers, including limited transportation options in rural areas and issues of congestion, high rents, and inequality in urban centers. The findings reveal that urban travelers benefit from shorter travel times, greater access to public transportation, and proximity to transit hubs, while rural travelers rely more on private vehicles and face longer travel distances. The study also emphasizes the role of socio-economic factors, such as income and household structure, in shaping travel behavior, as well as the environmental and policy implications of these patterns. By providing a comprehensive analysis of rural and urban travel behavior, this research aims to inform transportation policies that promote accessibility, affordability, and sustainability. The study’s insights are particularly relevant for addressing the mobility challenges of underserved populations and optimizing public transportation systems in rapidly growing cities. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable urban development and equitable access to transportation, offering valuable lessons for policymakers and urban planners in Izmir and beyond.