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KURUMSAL YÖNETİM ÖZELLİKLERİNİN DENETİM ÜCRETLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TÜRK BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 75, 103 - 126, 14.05.2025

Erol Geçici

https://doi.org/10.55322/mdbakis.1589824

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 2020-2023 yılları arasında halka açık olan ve olmayan mevduat bankalarının kurumsal yönetim özelliklerinin bağımsız denetim ücreti ve denetim dışı ücretler üzerindeki etkisinin çoklu regresyon analiziyle incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, bağımsız denetim ücreti ve denetim dışı ücretler bağımlı değişken olarak ele alınırken; yönetim kurulu üye sayısı, kadın üye oranı, yabancı üye oranı, denetim komitesi üye sayısı ve en büyük hissedar oranı kurumsal yönetim özellikleri olarak bağımsız değişkenler arasında yer almaktadır.
Araştırma sonucunda, yönetim kurulu üye sayısı ile bağımsız denetim ücreti arasında pozitif; denetim dışı ücretler arasında ise negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Yönetim kurulundaki kadın üye oranının bağımsız denetim ücreti üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmazken, denetim dışı ücretler üzerinde negatif bir etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan yönetim kurulu yabancı üye oranının bağımsız denetim ücreti ile anlamlı bir ilişkisi bulunmazken, denetim dışı ücretler ile pozitif bir ilişkisi saptanmıştır. Denetim komitesi üye sayısının bağımsız denetim ücreti ve denetim dışı ücretlerle anlamlı bir ilişkisi tespit edilememiştir. Son olarak, işletme büyüklüğünün, bağımsız denetim ücreti ve denetim dışı ücretler üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Denetim Ücreti Kurumsal Yönetim Yönetim Kurulu Üye Sayısı Denetim Komitesi Üye Sayısı Bankalar

References

  • Abbott, L. J., Parker, S., Peters, G. F., & Raghunandan, K. (2003). The association between audit committee characteristics and audit fees. Auditing 22(2), 17–32). https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2003.22.2.17.
  • Afesha, T. (2015). Audit fee determinants and audit quality in Ethiopian commercial banks. Ethiopian Journal of Business and Economics, 5(2), 159. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejbe.v5i2.1.
  • Ahmad, F., Bradbury, M., & Habib, A. (2022). Political connections, political uncertainty and audit fees: evidence from Pakistan. Managerial Auditing Journal, 37(2), 255–282. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-06-2020-2715.
  • Al Farooque, O., Buachoom, W., & Sun, L. (2020). Board, audit committee, ownership and financial performance – emerging trends from Thailand. Pacific Accounting Review, 32(1), 54–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-10-2018-0079.
  • Alagöz, A., & Erkoçak, H. E. (2021). Kurumsal yönetim ilkelerine uyum dereceleri ile firma karlılığı arasındaki ilişki: BIST Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksi (XKURY) bankacılık ve sanayi sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmaların karşılaştırmalı analizi. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 91, 119–144. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.843155.
  • Bankacılık Kanunu (2005).
  • Bankaların Bağımsız Denetimi Hakkında Yönetmelik (2015). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2015/04/20150402-5.htm.
  • Bankaların Kurumsal Yönetim İlkesine İlişkin Yönetmelik (2012). https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/anasayfa/MevzuatFihristDetayIframe?MevzuatTur=7&MevzuatNo=10750&MevzuatTertip=5.
  • Ali, C.B, Boubaker, S., & Magnan, M. (2020). Auditors and principal-principal agency conflicts in family-controlled firms. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 39(4), 31–55.
  • Boo, E., & Sharma, D. (2008). The association between corporate governance and audit fees of bank holding companies. Corporate Governance, 8(1), 28–45. https://doi.org/10.1108/14720700810853383.
  • Brudney, V. (1985). Corporate governance, agency costs, and the rhetoric of contract. Law Review, 85(7), 1403–1444. https://about.jstor.org/terms
  • Cameran, M., & Perotti, P. (2014). Audit fees and IAS/IFRS adoption: Evidence from the banking industry. International Journal of Auditing, 18(2), 155–169. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12019.
  • Coffie, W., & Bedi, I. (2019). The effects of IFRS adoption and firm size on audit fees in financial institutions in Ghana. Accounting Research Journal, 32(3), 436–453. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARJ-07-2017-0114.
  • DeFond, M. L., Raghunandan, K., & Subramanyam, K. R. (2002). Do non–audit service fees impair auditor independence? Evidence from going concern audit opinions. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(4), 1247-1274.
  • Doğan, M., & Yıldız, F. (2013). The impact of the board of directors’ size on the bank’s performance: Evidence from Turkey. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(6), 130-141.
  • Eker, D. (2022). Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren mevduat bankalarının yönetim kurulu yapıları ve finansal performans ilişkisi: Bir panel veri analizi. Journal of Research in Business, 7(1), 46–62. https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.994982.
  • Eker, D., & Kurtaran, A. (2017). Bankaların yönetim kurullarındaki cinsiyet çeşitliliği ve finansal performans ilişkisi. Küresel İktisat ve İşletme Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(12), 64–72.
  • G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1787/ed750b30-en.
  • Geçici, E. (2024a). Denetim komitesi özelliklerinin denetim ve denetim dışı ücretler üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Mali Çözüm Dergisi, 34(185), 1373–1402.
  • Geçici, E. (2024b). Sahiplik yapısının denetim ücreti üzerindeki etkisi: Borsa İstanbul’da bir uygulama. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(2), 547–560. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1453497.
  • Ghosh, T. (2019). Corporate governance and audit fees evidence from Bangladeshi listed banks and NBFIs. Journal of Corporate Governance Research, 3(1), 96. https://doi.org/10.5296/jcgr.v3i1.15638.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hines, C. S., Masli, A., Mauldin, E. G., & Peters, G. F. (2015). Board risk committees and audit pricing. Auditing, 34(4), 59–84. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51035.
  • Hokka, C., & Biber, A. E. (2024). Yönetim kurulu yapısı ve banka performansı arasındaki ilişki: gelişmekte olan ülkelerin borsalarında işlem gören ticari bankalar üzerine dinamik panel veri analizi. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(1), 318–334. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1395711.
  • Jizi, M., & Nehme, R. (2018). Board monitoring and audit fees: the moderating role of CEO/chair dual roles. Managerial Auditing Journal, 33(2), 217–243. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-10-2016-1464.
  • Kim, H., Kwak, B., Lim, Y., & Yu, J. (2017). Audit committee accounting expertise, CEO power, and audit pricing Audit committee accounting expertise, CEO power, and audit pricing. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 24(4), 421–439. https://doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2015.1105753.
  • Krishnan, G., & Visvanathan, G. (2009). Do Auditors Price Audit Committee’s Expertise? The Case of Accounting versus Nonaccounting Financial Experts. Journal Of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 24(1), 115–144.
  • Leidner, J. J., & Lenz, H. (2017). Client’s business risk, public-interest entities, and audit fees: The case of German credit institutions. International Journal of Auditing, 21(3), 324–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12099.
  • Liang, Q., Xu, P., & Jiraporn, P. (2013). Board characteristics and Chinese bank performance. Journal of Banking & Finance, 37(8), 2953–2968.
  • Nawaiseh, M. E., Bader, A., & Nawaiseh, H. N. (2019). Ownership structure and audit pricing: Conventional versus islamic banks in Jordan. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 23(2), 1-20.
  • Nehme, R., & Jizi, M. (2018). The efficiency of corporate boards and firms’ audit fees: the case of the FTSE financial institutions. Pacific Accounting Review, 30(3), 297–317. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-12-2016-0116.
  • Saleh, M. A., & Ragab, Y. M. (2023). Determining audit fees: evidence from the Egyptian stock market. International Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 31(2), 355–375. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-07-2022-0156.
  • Simunic, D. (1984). Auditing, consulting, and auditor independence, Journal of Accounting Research 22, 679-702.
  • Soltani, B. (2014). The anatomy of corporate fraud: A comparative analysis of high profile American and European corporate scandals. Journal of Business Ethics, 120(2), 251–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1660-z.
  • Soyemi, K. A., & Olowookere, J. K. (2013). Determinants of external audit fees: Evidence from the banking sector in Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(15), 50–58.
  • Staikouras, P. K., Staikouras, C. K., & Agoraki, M. E. K. (2007). The effect of board size and composition on European bank performance. European Journal of Law and Economics, 23(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-007-9001-2.
  • Taşsümer, E., & Cengiz, S. (2022). Kurumsal yönetim uygulamaları ile finansal performans ilişkisi: BİST bankacılık sektöründe bir araştırma. The Journal of International Scientific Researches, 7(3), 215–231. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2013-9590.
  • Terzi, S., & Kıymetli Şen, İ. (2023). Denetim ücreti ile denetim komitesinin karakteristikleri arasındaki ilişki: Borsa İstanbul örneği. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 309–321. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1152369.
  • TTK. (2011). 6102 Sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu.
  • Türkiye Bankalar Birliği (TBB). (2024). Bankalarımız 2023. https://www.tbb.org.tr/Content/Upload/Dokuman/9034/Bankalarimiz_2023.pdf
  • Umar Farooq, M., Kazim, I., Usman, M., & Latif, I. (2018). Corporate governance and audit fees: Evidence from a developing country. In Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 12 (1).
  • Yamada, A., & Fujita, K. (2022). Impact of Parent Companies and Multiple Large Shareholders on Audit Fees in Stakeholder-Oriented Corporate Governance. Sustainability, 14(9), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095534.

THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CHARACTERISTICS ON AUDIT FEES: A RESEARCH IN THE TURKISH BANKING SECTOR

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 75, 103 - 126, 14.05.2025

Erol Geçici

https://doi.org/10.55322/mdbakis.1589824

Abstract

This study aims to examine the impact of corporate governance characteristics of publicly traded and non-publicly traded deposit banks on independent audit fees and non-audit fees between 2020 and 2023 using multiple regression analysis. In the study, while independent audit fees and non-audit fees are considered as dependent variables, the number of board members, the proportion of female members, the proportion of foreign members, the number of audit committee members and the largest shareholder ratio are among the independent variables as corporate governance characteristics.
As a result of the research, a positive relationship was found between the number of board members and independent audit fees, while a negative relationship was found between non-audit fees. While the ratio of female board members has no significant effect on independent audit fees, it has a negative effect on non-audit fees. On the other hand, the proportion of foreign members on the board of directors has no significant relationship with independent audit fees, while it has a positive relationship with non-audit fees. The number of audit committee members has no significant relationship with independent audit fees and non-audit fees. Finally, the size of the firm has a significant and positive effect on audit fees and non-audit fees.

Keywords

Audit Fees Corporate Governance Number of Board Members Number of Audit Committee Members Banks

References

  • Abbott, L. J., Parker, S., Peters, G. F., & Raghunandan, K. (2003). The association between audit committee characteristics and audit fees. Auditing 22(2), 17–32). https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2003.22.2.17.
  • Afesha, T. (2015). Audit fee determinants and audit quality in Ethiopian commercial banks. Ethiopian Journal of Business and Economics, 5(2), 159. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejbe.v5i2.1.
  • Ahmad, F., Bradbury, M., & Habib, A. (2022). Political connections, political uncertainty and audit fees: evidence from Pakistan. Managerial Auditing Journal, 37(2), 255–282. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-06-2020-2715.
  • Al Farooque, O., Buachoom, W., & Sun, L. (2020). Board, audit committee, ownership and financial performance – emerging trends from Thailand. Pacific Accounting Review, 32(1), 54–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-10-2018-0079.
  • Alagöz, A., & Erkoçak, H. E. (2021). Kurumsal yönetim ilkelerine uyum dereceleri ile firma karlılığı arasındaki ilişki: BIST Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksi (XKURY) bankacılık ve sanayi sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmaların karşılaştırmalı analizi. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 91, 119–144. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.843155.
  • Bankacılık Kanunu (2005).
  • Bankaların Bağımsız Denetimi Hakkında Yönetmelik (2015). https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2015/04/20150402-5.htm.
  • Bankaların Kurumsal Yönetim İlkesine İlişkin Yönetmelik (2012). https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/anasayfa/MevzuatFihristDetayIframe?MevzuatTur=7&MevzuatNo=10750&MevzuatTertip=5.
  • Ali, C.B, Boubaker, S., & Magnan, M. (2020). Auditors and principal-principal agency conflicts in family-controlled firms. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 39(4), 31–55.
  • Boo, E., & Sharma, D. (2008). The association between corporate governance and audit fees of bank holding companies. Corporate Governance, 8(1), 28–45. https://doi.org/10.1108/14720700810853383.
  • Brudney, V. (1985). Corporate governance, agency costs, and the rhetoric of contract. Law Review, 85(7), 1403–1444. https://about.jstor.org/terms
  • Cameran, M., & Perotti, P. (2014). Audit fees and IAS/IFRS adoption: Evidence from the banking industry. International Journal of Auditing, 18(2), 155–169. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12019.
  • Coffie, W., & Bedi, I. (2019). The effects of IFRS adoption and firm size on audit fees in financial institutions in Ghana. Accounting Research Journal, 32(3), 436–453. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARJ-07-2017-0114.
  • DeFond, M. L., Raghunandan, K., & Subramanyam, K. R. (2002). Do non–audit service fees impair auditor independence? Evidence from going concern audit opinions. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(4), 1247-1274.
  • Doğan, M., & Yıldız, F. (2013). The impact of the board of directors’ size on the bank’s performance: Evidence from Turkey. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(6), 130-141.
  • Eker, D. (2022). Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren mevduat bankalarının yönetim kurulu yapıları ve finansal performans ilişkisi: Bir panel veri analizi. Journal of Research in Business, 7(1), 46–62. https://doi.org/10.54452/jrb.994982.
  • Eker, D., & Kurtaran, A. (2017). Bankaların yönetim kurullarındaki cinsiyet çeşitliliği ve finansal performans ilişkisi. Küresel İktisat ve İşletme Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(12), 64–72.
  • G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1787/ed750b30-en.
  • Geçici, E. (2024a). Denetim komitesi özelliklerinin denetim ve denetim dışı ücretler üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Mali Çözüm Dergisi, 34(185), 1373–1402.
  • Geçici, E. (2024b). Sahiplik yapısının denetim ücreti üzerindeki etkisi: Borsa İstanbul’da bir uygulama. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(2), 547–560. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1453497.
  • Ghosh, T. (2019). Corporate governance and audit fees evidence from Bangladeshi listed banks and NBFIs. Journal of Corporate Governance Research, 3(1), 96. https://doi.org/10.5296/jcgr.v3i1.15638.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2009). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hines, C. S., Masli, A., Mauldin, E. G., & Peters, G. F. (2015). Board risk committees and audit pricing. Auditing, 34(4), 59–84. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51035.
  • Hokka, C., & Biber, A. E. (2024). Yönetim kurulu yapısı ve banka performansı arasındaki ilişki: gelişmekte olan ülkelerin borsalarında işlem gören ticari bankalar üzerine dinamik panel veri analizi. Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(1), 318–334. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1395711.
  • Jizi, M., & Nehme, R. (2018). Board monitoring and audit fees: the moderating role of CEO/chair dual roles. Managerial Auditing Journal, 33(2), 217–243. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-10-2016-1464.
  • Kim, H., Kwak, B., Lim, Y., & Yu, J. (2017). Audit committee accounting expertise, CEO power, and audit pricing Audit committee accounting expertise, CEO power, and audit pricing. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 24(4), 421–439. https://doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2015.1105753.
  • Krishnan, G., & Visvanathan, G. (2009). Do Auditors Price Audit Committee’s Expertise? The Case of Accounting versus Nonaccounting Financial Experts. Journal Of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, 24(1), 115–144.
  • Leidner, J. J., & Lenz, H. (2017). Client’s business risk, public-interest entities, and audit fees: The case of German credit institutions. International Journal of Auditing, 21(3), 324–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12099.
  • Liang, Q., Xu, P., & Jiraporn, P. (2013). Board characteristics and Chinese bank performance. Journal of Banking & Finance, 37(8), 2953–2968.
  • Nawaiseh, M. E., Bader, A., & Nawaiseh, H. N. (2019). Ownership structure and audit pricing: Conventional versus islamic banks in Jordan. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 23(2), 1-20.
  • Nehme, R., & Jizi, M. (2018). The efficiency of corporate boards and firms’ audit fees: the case of the FTSE financial institutions. Pacific Accounting Review, 30(3), 297–317. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-12-2016-0116.
  • Saleh, M. A., & Ragab, Y. M. (2023). Determining audit fees: evidence from the Egyptian stock market. International Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 31(2), 355–375. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-07-2022-0156.
  • Simunic, D. (1984). Auditing, consulting, and auditor independence, Journal of Accounting Research 22, 679-702.
  • Soltani, B. (2014). The anatomy of corporate fraud: A comparative analysis of high profile American and European corporate scandals. Journal of Business Ethics, 120(2), 251–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1660-z.
  • Soyemi, K. A., & Olowookere, J. K. (2013). Determinants of external audit fees: Evidence from the banking sector in Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(15), 50–58.
  • Staikouras, P. K., Staikouras, C. K., & Agoraki, M. E. K. (2007). The effect of board size and composition on European bank performance. European Journal of Law and Economics, 23(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-007-9001-2.
  • Taşsümer, E., & Cengiz, S. (2022). Kurumsal yönetim uygulamaları ile finansal performans ilişkisi: BİST bankacılık sektöründe bir araştırma. The Journal of International Scientific Researches, 7(3), 215–231. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2013-9590.
  • Terzi, S., & Kıymetli Şen, İ. (2023). Denetim ücreti ile denetim komitesinin karakteristikleri arasındaki ilişki: Borsa İstanbul örneği. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 309–321. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1152369.
  • TTK. (2011). 6102 Sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu.
  • Türkiye Bankalar Birliği (TBB). (2024). Bankalarımız 2023. https://www.tbb.org.tr/Content/Upload/Dokuman/9034/Bankalarimiz_2023.pdf
  • Umar Farooq, M., Kazim, I., Usman, M., & Latif, I. (2018). Corporate governance and audit fees: Evidence from a developing country. In Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 12 (1).
  • Yamada, A., & Fujita, K. (2022). Impact of Parent Companies and Multiple Large Shareholders on Audit Fees in Stakeholder-Oriented Corporate Governance. Sustainability, 14(9), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095534.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Erol Geçici 0000-0002-3511-0176

Publication Date May 14, 2025
Submission Date November 22, 2024
Acceptance Date March 4, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 25 Issue: 75

Cite

APA Geçici, E. (2025). KURUMSAL YÖNETİM ÖZELLİKLERİNİN DENETİM ÜCRETLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TÜRK BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Muhasebe Ve Denetime Bakış, 25(75), 103-126. https://doi.org/10.55322/mdbakis.1589824
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