Abstract
References
- 1. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Estimation of sex from mastoid triangle - a craniometric analysis. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20: 855-60.
- 2. Sinhorini PA, Costa IAP, Lopez-Capp TT, Biazevic MGH, de Paiva LAS. Comparative analysis of four morphometric methods for sex estimation: A study conducted on human skulls. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2019; 39: 29-34.
- 3. Jain D, Jasuja OP, Nath S. Sex determination of human crania using Mastoid triangle and Opisthion-Bimastoid triangle. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20: 255-9.
- 4. Passey J, Mishra SR, Singh R, Sushobhna K, Singh S, Sinha P. Sex determination using mastoid process. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2015; 6: 93-5.
- 5. Ornoy A, Weinstein-Fudim L, Ergaz Z. Methods for Prenatal Sex Determination and Their Importance in Understanding and Prevention of Gender-Related Birth Defects. Intech Open, Book Chapter 2020: 1-21.
- 6. Sierp I, Henneberg M. The Difficulty of Sexing Skeletons from Unknown Populations. Journal of Anthropology 2015: 1-13.
- 7. Bhagya BS, Hema N, Ramakrishna A. Validation metrics of the mastoid triangle. Journal of Health and Allied Sciences 2013; 3: 44-5.
- 8. Kemkes A, Göbel T. Metric assessment of the “mastoid triangle” for sex determination: a validation study. J Forensic Sci 2006; 51: 985-9.
- 9. Nagaoka T, Shizushima A, Sawada J, Tomo S, Hoshino K, Sato H, et al. Sex determination using mastoid process measurements: standards for japanese human skeletons of the medieval and early modern periods. Anthropological Science 2008; 116: 105-13.
- 10. Suazo I, Matamala DZ, Smith RL. Sex determination using mastoid process measurements in Brazilian skulls. International Journal of Morphology 2008; 26: 941e4.
- 11. de Paiva LA, Segre M. Sexing the human skull through the mastoid process. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 2003; 58: 15-20.
- 12. Işcan MY. Wilton Marion Krogman, Ph.D. (1903-1987): the end of an era. J Forensic Sci 1988; 33: 1473-6.
- 13. Toneva DH, Nikolova SY, Zlatareva DK, Hadjidekov VG, Lazarov NE. Sex estimation by Mastoid Triangle using 3D models. Homo 2019; 70: 63-73.
- 14. Jaja BN, Ajua CO, Didia BC. Mastoid triangle for sex determination in adult Nigerian population: a validation study. J Forensic Sci 2013; 58: 1575-8.
- 15. Ucerler H, Govsa F. Asterion as a surgical landmark for lateral cranial base approaches. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2006; 34: 415-20.
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the mastoid triangle anthropometric measurements and area between the three craniometric points, namely porion (po), asterion (ast), and mastoidale (ms) as a sex determinant.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 dry skulls (30 males and 30 females) were assessed for 10 morphometric measurements with a compass, and a total of 120 mastoid triangles were evaluated.
Results: Statistically significant differences were found in all the mastoid triangle measurements between males and females (p≤0.01). Discriminant function analyses revealed that the left po-ms length and the total area of the mastoid triangle were two variables with the highest sensitivity at an accuracy rate of 90%. The models with three mastoid triangle variables including the total po-ms, total ms-ast, and total po-ast measurements, in combination, provided high discriminant potentials of 96.7% and 93.3% in females and males, respectively. When the total po-ms, total ms-ast, and total po-ast were used together, a greater sexual dimorphism was observed, correctly classifying the sex with a 95% accuracy rate. The mean value of the total area which is preferred due to the asymmetry between the sides of the skull was 1455.2 mm² in males and 1341.2 mm² in females.
Conclusion: In the light of the obtained results, the discriminant function analyses of the mastoid triangle measurements are concluded to be reliable in sex determination and preferable in forensic medicine and anthropology.
References
- 1. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Estimation of sex from mastoid triangle - a craniometric analysis. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20: 855-60.
- 2. Sinhorini PA, Costa IAP, Lopez-Capp TT, Biazevic MGH, de Paiva LAS. Comparative analysis of four morphometric methods for sex estimation: A study conducted on human skulls. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2019; 39: 29-34.
- 3. Jain D, Jasuja OP, Nath S. Sex determination of human crania using Mastoid triangle and Opisthion-Bimastoid triangle. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20: 255-9.
- 4. Passey J, Mishra SR, Singh R, Sushobhna K, Singh S, Sinha P. Sex determination using mastoid process. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2015; 6: 93-5.
- 5. Ornoy A, Weinstein-Fudim L, Ergaz Z. Methods for Prenatal Sex Determination and Their Importance in Understanding and Prevention of Gender-Related Birth Defects. Intech Open, Book Chapter 2020: 1-21.
- 6. Sierp I, Henneberg M. The Difficulty of Sexing Skeletons from Unknown Populations. Journal of Anthropology 2015: 1-13.
- 7. Bhagya BS, Hema N, Ramakrishna A. Validation metrics of the mastoid triangle. Journal of Health and Allied Sciences 2013; 3: 44-5.
- 8. Kemkes A, Göbel T. Metric assessment of the “mastoid triangle” for sex determination: a validation study. J Forensic Sci 2006; 51: 985-9.
- 9. Nagaoka T, Shizushima A, Sawada J, Tomo S, Hoshino K, Sato H, et al. Sex determination using mastoid process measurements: standards for japanese human skeletons of the medieval and early modern periods. Anthropological Science 2008; 116: 105-13.
- 10. Suazo I, Matamala DZ, Smith RL. Sex determination using mastoid process measurements in Brazilian skulls. International Journal of Morphology 2008; 26: 941e4.
- 11. de Paiva LA, Segre M. Sexing the human skull through the mastoid process. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 2003; 58: 15-20.
- 12. Işcan MY. Wilton Marion Krogman, Ph.D. (1903-1987): the end of an era. J Forensic Sci 1988; 33: 1473-6.
- 13. Toneva DH, Nikolova SY, Zlatareva DK, Hadjidekov VG, Lazarov NE. Sex estimation by Mastoid Triangle using 3D models. Homo 2019; 70: 63-73.
- 14. Jaja BN, Ajua CO, Didia BC. Mastoid triangle for sex determination in adult Nigerian population: a validation study. J Forensic Sci 2013; 58: 1575-8.
- 15. Ucerler H, Govsa F. Asterion as a surgical landmark for lateral cranial base approaches. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2006; 34: 415-20.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Anatomy |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 22 Issue: 3 |