Research Article
Year 2020,
Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 140 - 146, 31.08.2020
Abstract
References
- 1. Ng YL, Mann V, Gulabivala K. A prospective study of the factors affecting outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment: part 1: periapical health. Int Endod J 2011; 44: 583-609.
- 2. Neelakantan P, Cheng C, Mohanraj R, Sriraman P, Subbarao C, Sharma S. Antibiofilm activity of three irrigation protocols activated by ultrasonic, diode laser or Er: YAG laser in vitro. Int Endod J 2015; 48: 602-10.
- 3. Schirrmeister JF, Liebenow A-L, Pelz K, Wittmer A, Serr A, Hellwig E, et al. New bacterial compositions in root-filled teeth with periradicular lesions. J Endod 2009; 35: 169-74.
- 4. Vianna ME, Gomes BP, Berber VB, Zaia AA, Ferraz CCR, de Souza-Filho FJ. In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2004; 97: 79-84.
- 5. George S, Kishen A, Song P. The role of environmental changes on monospecies biofilm formation on root canal wall by Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2005; 31: 867-72.
- 6. Zhang C, Du J, Peng Z. Correlation between Enterococcus faecalis and persistent intraradicular infection compared with primary intraradicular infection: a systematic review. J Endod 2015; 41: 1207-13.
- 7. Love R. Enterococcus faecalis-a mechanism for its role in endodontic failure. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 399-405.
- 8. Afkhami F, Akbari S, Chiniforush N. Entrococcus faecalis elimination in root canals using silver nanoparticles, photodynamic therapy, diode laser, or laser-activated nanoparticles: an in vitro study. J Endod 2017; 43: 279-82.
- 9. Al-Ahmad A, Ameen H, Pelz K, Karygianni L, Wittmer A, Anderson AC, et al. Antibiotic resistance and capacity for biofilm formation of different bacteria isolated from endodontic infections associated with root-filled teeth. J Endod 2014; 40: 223-30.
- 10. Svensäter G, Bergenholtz G. Biofilms in endodontic infections. Endodontic topics 2004; 9: 27-36.
- 11. Catelan A, Briso AL, Sundfeld RH, Goiato MC, Dos Santos PH. Color stability of sealed composite resin restorative materials after ultraviolet artificial aging and immersion in staining solutions. J Prosthet Dent 2011; 105: 236-41.
- 12. Chaiyabutr Y, Kois JC, Lebeau D, Nunokawa G. Effect of abutment tooth color, cement color, and ceramic thickness on the resulting optical color of a CAD/CAM glass ceramic lithium disilicate-reinforced crown. J Prosthet Dent 2011; 105: 83-90.
- 13. Turgut S, Bagis B. Effect of resin cement and ceramic thickness on final color of laminate veneers: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2013; 109: 179-86.
- 14. Karaokutan I, Yilmaz Savas T, Aykent F, Ozdere E. Color Stability of CAD/CAM Fabricated Inlays after Accelerated Artificial Aging. J Prosth 2016; 25: 472-7.
- 15. Shiozawa M, Takahashi H, Asakawa Y, Iwasaki N. Color stability of adhesive resin cements after immersion in coffee. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19: 309-17.
- 16. Akay C, Tanış MÇ. Evaluation of color changes of dental luting materials in food colorant solutions. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 40: 503-9.
- 17. Koishi Y, Tanoue N, Atsuta M, Matsumura H. Influence of visible-light exposure on colour stability of current dual-curable luting composites. J Oral Rehabil 2002; 29: 387-93.
- 18. Oei JD, Mishriky M, Barghi N, Rawls HR, Cardenas HL, Aguirre R, et al. Development of a low-color, color stable, dual cure dental resin. Dent Mater 2013; 29: 405-12.
- 19. Turgut S, Bagis B. Colour stability of laminate veneers: an in vitro study. J Dent 2011; 39(Suppl 3): 57-64.
- 20. Ural Ç, Duran İ, Tatar N, Öztürk Ö, Kaya İ, Kavut İ. The effect of amine-free initiator system and the polymerization type on color stability of resin cements. J Oral Sci 2016; 58: 157-61.
- 21. Falkensammer F, Arnetzl GV, Wildburger A, Freudenthaler J. Color stability of different composite resin materials. J Prosthet Dent 2013; 109: 378-83.
- 22. Ghavam M, Amani-Tehran M, Saffarpour M. Effect of accelerated aging on the color and opacity of resin cements. Oper Dent 2010; 35: 605-9.
- 23. Cakan U, Kara HB. Effect of liquid polishing materials on the stainability of bis-acryl interim restorative materials in vitro. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 113: 475-9.
- 24. Hernandes DK, Arrais CA, Lima Ed, Cesar PF, Rodrigues JA. Influence of resin cement shade on the color and translucency of ceramic veneers. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24: 391-6.
- 25. Valentini F, Oliveira SG, Guimarães GZ, Barbosa RP, Moraes RR. Effect of surface sealant on the color stability of composite resin restorations. Braz Dent J 2011; 22: 365-8.
- 26. Sedrez-Porto JA, Münchow EA, Brondani LP, Cenci MS, Pereira-Cenci T. Effects of modeling liquid/resin and polishing on the color change of resin composite. Braz Oral Res 2016: 30.
- 27. Öztürk E, Chiang YC, Coşgun E, Bolay Ş, Hickel R, Ilie N. Effect of resin shades on opacity of ceramic veneers and polymerization efficiency through ceramics. J Dent 2013; 41(Suppl 5): 8-14.
- 28. Passos SP, Kimpara ET, Bottino MA, Rizkalla AS, Santos GC Jr. Effect of ceramic thickness and shade on mechanical properties of a resin luting agent. J Prosthodont 2014; 23: 462-6.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine in Combination with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilm.
Materials and Methods: The root canals of 66 single-rooted extracted human mandibular premolar teeth (n=66) were enlarged up to a size of 40/0.06 taper and autoclaved. Fifty-nine roots were inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated for 4 weeks, whereas 7 roots served as the negative control group and were filled with sterile brain heart infusion broth. The remaining specimens (n=59) were assigned into 4 experimental groups (n=13) and a positive control group (n=7): CHX via standard needle irrigation (SNI), sodium hypochloride (NaOCl) via SNI, CHX via PUI, NaOCl via PUI and non-treated positive controls. Bacteriological samples were collected before and after the intervention, and microbiological analysis was performed by counting the colony forming units. Reduction in colony count (RCC) between before and after the intervention in each group were compared using One-Way ANOVA.
Results: The highest RCC was determined in NaOCl/PUI and the lowest in CHX/SNI (p<0.05). Regarding RCC, CHX/PUI showed statistically similar results with NaOCl/ PUI and NaOCl/SNI (p>0.05).
Conclusion: A PUI of 2% CHX induced a statistically similar amount of RCC with both a PUI of 2.5% NaOCl and SNI of 2.5% NaOCl. PUI combined with 2% CHX can be used in secondary endodontic infections and during routine endodontic treatment due to increased antibacterial efficiency against E. faecalis.
References
- 1. Ng YL, Mann V, Gulabivala K. A prospective study of the factors affecting outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment: part 1: periapical health. Int Endod J 2011; 44: 583-609.
- 2. Neelakantan P, Cheng C, Mohanraj R, Sriraman P, Subbarao C, Sharma S. Antibiofilm activity of three irrigation protocols activated by ultrasonic, diode laser or Er: YAG laser in vitro. Int Endod J 2015; 48: 602-10.
- 3. Schirrmeister JF, Liebenow A-L, Pelz K, Wittmer A, Serr A, Hellwig E, et al. New bacterial compositions in root-filled teeth with periradicular lesions. J Endod 2009; 35: 169-74.
- 4. Vianna ME, Gomes BP, Berber VB, Zaia AA, Ferraz CCR, de Souza-Filho FJ. In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2004; 97: 79-84.
- 5. George S, Kishen A, Song P. The role of environmental changes on monospecies biofilm formation on root canal wall by Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2005; 31: 867-72.
- 6. Zhang C, Du J, Peng Z. Correlation between Enterococcus faecalis and persistent intraradicular infection compared with primary intraradicular infection: a systematic review. J Endod 2015; 41: 1207-13.
- 7. Love R. Enterococcus faecalis-a mechanism for its role in endodontic failure. Int Endod J 2001; 34: 399-405.
- 8. Afkhami F, Akbari S, Chiniforush N. Entrococcus faecalis elimination in root canals using silver nanoparticles, photodynamic therapy, diode laser, or laser-activated nanoparticles: an in vitro study. J Endod 2017; 43: 279-82.
- 9. Al-Ahmad A, Ameen H, Pelz K, Karygianni L, Wittmer A, Anderson AC, et al. Antibiotic resistance and capacity for biofilm formation of different bacteria isolated from endodontic infections associated with root-filled teeth. J Endod 2014; 40: 223-30.
- 10. Svensäter G, Bergenholtz G. Biofilms in endodontic infections. Endodontic topics 2004; 9: 27-36.
- 11. Catelan A, Briso AL, Sundfeld RH, Goiato MC, Dos Santos PH. Color stability of sealed composite resin restorative materials after ultraviolet artificial aging and immersion in staining solutions. J Prosthet Dent 2011; 105: 236-41.
- 12. Chaiyabutr Y, Kois JC, Lebeau D, Nunokawa G. Effect of abutment tooth color, cement color, and ceramic thickness on the resulting optical color of a CAD/CAM glass ceramic lithium disilicate-reinforced crown. J Prosthet Dent 2011; 105: 83-90.
- 13. Turgut S, Bagis B. Effect of resin cement and ceramic thickness on final color of laminate veneers: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2013; 109: 179-86.
- 14. Karaokutan I, Yilmaz Savas T, Aykent F, Ozdere E. Color Stability of CAD/CAM Fabricated Inlays after Accelerated Artificial Aging. J Prosth 2016; 25: 472-7.
- 15. Shiozawa M, Takahashi H, Asakawa Y, Iwasaki N. Color stability of adhesive resin cements after immersion in coffee. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 19: 309-17.
- 16. Akay C, Tanış MÇ. Evaluation of color changes of dental luting materials in food colorant solutions. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 40: 503-9.
- 17. Koishi Y, Tanoue N, Atsuta M, Matsumura H. Influence of visible-light exposure on colour stability of current dual-curable luting composites. J Oral Rehabil 2002; 29: 387-93.
- 18. Oei JD, Mishriky M, Barghi N, Rawls HR, Cardenas HL, Aguirre R, et al. Development of a low-color, color stable, dual cure dental resin. Dent Mater 2013; 29: 405-12.
- 19. Turgut S, Bagis B. Colour stability of laminate veneers: an in vitro study. J Dent 2011; 39(Suppl 3): 57-64.
- 20. Ural Ç, Duran İ, Tatar N, Öztürk Ö, Kaya İ, Kavut İ. The effect of amine-free initiator system and the polymerization type on color stability of resin cements. J Oral Sci 2016; 58: 157-61.
- 21. Falkensammer F, Arnetzl GV, Wildburger A, Freudenthaler J. Color stability of different composite resin materials. J Prosthet Dent 2013; 109: 378-83.
- 22. Ghavam M, Amani-Tehran M, Saffarpour M. Effect of accelerated aging on the color and opacity of resin cements. Oper Dent 2010; 35: 605-9.
- 23. Cakan U, Kara HB. Effect of liquid polishing materials on the stainability of bis-acryl interim restorative materials in vitro. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 113: 475-9.
- 24. Hernandes DK, Arrais CA, Lima Ed, Cesar PF, Rodrigues JA. Influence of resin cement shade on the color and translucency of ceramic veneers. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24: 391-6.
- 25. Valentini F, Oliveira SG, Guimarães GZ, Barbosa RP, Moraes RR. Effect of surface sealant on the color stability of composite resin restorations. Braz Dent J 2011; 22: 365-8.
- 26. Sedrez-Porto JA, Münchow EA, Brondani LP, Cenci MS, Pereira-Cenci T. Effects of modeling liquid/resin and polishing on the color change of resin composite. Braz Oral Res 2016: 30.
- 27. Öztürk E, Chiang YC, Coşgun E, Bolay Ş, Hickel R, Ilie N. Effect of resin shades on opacity of ceramic veneers and polymerization efficiency through ceramics. J Dent 2013; 41(Suppl 5): 8-14.
- 28. Passos SP, Kimpara ET, Bottino MA, Rizkalla AS, Santos GC Jr. Effect of ceramic thickness and shade on mechanical properties of a resin luting agent. J Prosthodont 2014; 23: 462-6.
There are 28 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Dentistry (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 31, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 21 Issue: 2 |