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Küçük şırlan’ın (Donax variegatus, Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) doğu Akdenizde kondisyon indeksi, et verimi ve üreme döngüsü

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 212 - 223, 26.06.2025

Ali Kırtık

https://doi.org/10.58626/memba.1728279

Abstract

Donax variegatus (Gmelin, 1791) Ege ve Akdeniz’de kumlu kıyılarda doğal olarak yayılım gösteren küçük bir çift kabuklu yumuşakçadır. Son zamanlarda biyobelirteç çalışmalarında kullanılmasına rağmen, literatürde bu türün üreme döngüsü hakkında bilgi eksikliği bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Donax variegatus'un et verimi, kondisyon indeksi, gonad indeksi ve gametojenik döngüsününün belirlenmesidir. Donax variegatus örnekleri Mart 2016-Şubat 2017 tarihleri arasında Ege Denizi'nde yer alan İzmir ili sahilinin kumlu kıyılarından aylık olarak toplanmıştır. Et ve gonad dokuları kondisyon indeksi, et verimi ve histolojik gonad analizini değerlendirmek için disekte edilmiştir. Et verimi Nisan ayında en yüksek değere ulaşmış (%22,10) ve kış boyunca yüksek seyretmiştir. Kondisyon indeksi oranı Aralık (%20,40) ve Nisan (%22,74) aylarında en yüksek, Ekim (%4,30) ayında ise en düşüktür. Gametogenik aktivitenin hem dişi hem de erkek bireyler için yıl boyunca senkronize olduğu ve yumurtlamanın su sıcaklığı 24,1 °C (Mayıs) ile 28,3 °C (Eylül) arasında değişirken pik yaptığı gözlemlenmiştir. Su sıcaklığı ve besin miktarı gibi abiyotik faktörlerin gametogenik aktivite ve morfolojik indeksleri etkilediği belirlenmiştir (p<0.05).

Keywords

küçük şırlan Donax variegatus üreme döngüsü kondisyon indeksi çift kabuklu Akdeniz

References

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  • Aydın, M., Tunca, E., Esen Ersoy, N. (2020). Morphometric Aspects and Growth Parameters of the Wedge Clam (Donax trunculus) of the Black Sea, Turkey. J. Anatol. Environ. Animal Sci. 5(1):11-18. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.637729
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  • De la Huz, R., Lastra, M., Lopez, J. (2002). The influence of sediment grain size on burrowing, growth and metabolism of Donax trunculus L. (Bivalvia: Donacidae). J. Sea Res. 47: 85-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1385-1101(02)00108-9
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  • Neuberger-Cywiak, L., Achituv, Y., Mizrahi, L. (1990). The ecology of Donax trunculus Linnaeus and Donax semistriatus Poli from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 134:203-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(89)90070-1
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Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 212 - 223, 26.06.2025

Ali Kırtık

https://doi.org/10.58626/memba.1728279

Abstract

Donax variegatus (Gmelin, 1791) is a small tiny marine bivalve mollusc which is naturally spreaded out in the sandy shores of the Aegean Sea. Although it has recently being used in biomarker studies, there is lack of knowledge on the reproductive cycle of this species. The goal of this study was to evaluate meat yield, condition index, gonad index, gametogenic cycle of Donax variegatus. Donax variegatus specimens were collected monthly between March 2016 and February 2017from the sandy shore of İzmir coast which is located in the Aegean Sea in Eastern Mediterranean. Flesh and gonad tissues were dissected to evaluate condition index, meat yield and histological gonad analysis. Meat yield peaked in April (22.10%) and remained high throughout winter. The condition index rate was the highest in December (20.40%) and April (22.74%) and lowest in October (4.30%). It was observed that gametogenetic activity is synchronized throughout the year for both female and male individuals and spawning has peaked while the water temperature was ranging between 24,1 °C (May) and 28,3 °C (September). It was determined that abiotic factors such as water temperature and nutrient amount, affects gametogenetic activity and morphological indexes (p<0.05).

Keywords

smooth donax Donax variegatus gametogenic cycle condition index bivalve Mediterranean

References

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  • Ansell, A.D., Bodoy, A. (1979). Comparison in events in seasonal cycle for Donax vittatus and Donax trunculus. In: Naylor, E., Hartnoll, R.G. (Eds.), Cyclic Phenomena in Marine Plants and Animals. 191-198 p. Proceedings of the 13th European Marine Biological Symposium. Pergamon Press, Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-023217-1.50032-1
  • Ansell, A.D., Lagardère, F. (1980). Observations on the biology of Donax trunculus and D. vittatus at Ile d´Ole´ron (French Atlantic coast). Mar. Biol. 57:287–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00387572
  • Aydın, M., Tunca, E., Esen Ersoy, N. (2020). Morphometric Aspects and Growth Parameters of the Wedge Clam (Donax trunculus) of the Black Sea, Turkey. J. Anatol. Environ. Animal Sci. 5(1):11-18. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.637729
  • Beldi, H. (2007). Etude de Gambusia affinis (Poisson, Téléostéen) et Donax trunculus (Mollusque, Pélécypode): Ecologie, physiologie et impact de quelques altéragènes. Doctoral thesis. University of Badji Mokhtar (Annaba), Algeria. 90 p.
  • Çolakoğlu, S., Tokaç, A. (2011). Some population parameters of the wedge clam (Donax trunculus L., 1758) in the west Marmara Sea. Ege J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 28(2): 65-70
  • De la Huz, R., Lastra, M., Lopez, J. (2002). The influence of sediment grain size on burrowing, growth and metabolism of Donax trunculus L. (Bivalvia: Donacidae). J. Sea Res. 47: 85-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1385-1101(02)00108-9
  • Deval, M.C. (2009). Growth and reproduction of the wedge clam (Donax trunculus) in the Sea of. Marmara, Turkey. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25:551–558. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01258.x
  • Dowidar, N.M., El Nady, F. E. (1984). Seasonal variations in size, weight and biochemical composition of Donax trunculus L. (Pelecypoda, Mollusca) from Abu Kir Bay and Rosetta regions. Bull. Inst. Ocean. Fishs. 10:67-80
  • Fernández-Pérez, J., Nantón, A., Ruiz-Ruano, F.J., Camacho, J.P.M., Méndez, J. (2017). First complete female mitochondrial genome in four bivalve species genus Donax and their phylogenetic relationships within the Veneroida order. PLoS ONE. 12(9): e0184464. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184464
  • Gaspar, M.B., Chicaro, L.M., Vasconcelos, P., Garcia, A., Santos, A.R., et al. (2002b). Depth segregation phenomenon in Donax trunculus (Bivalvia: Donacidae) populations of the Algarve coast (southern Portugal). Sci. Mar. 66:111-121. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2002.66n2111
  • Gaspar, M.B., Ferreira, R., Monteiro, C.C. (1999). Growth and reproductive cycle of Donax trunculus L., (Mollusca: Bivalvia) off Faro, southern Portugal. Fish. Res. 41: 309-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(99)00017-X
  • Gaspar, M.B., Santos, M.N., Vasconcelos, P. (2001). Weight-lenght relationships of 25 bivalve species (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the Algarve coast (southern Portugal). J. Mar. Biolog. Assoc. U.K. 81:805-807. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315401004623
  • Gaspar, M.B., Santos, M.N., Vasconcelos, P., Monteiro, C.C. (2002a). Shell morphometric relationships of the most common bivalve species (Mollusca: Bivalvia) of the Algarve coast (southern Portugal). Hydrobiologia. 477: 73-80
  • La Valle, P., Belluscio, A., Nicoletti, L., Paganelli, D., Ardizzone, G.D. (2007). Effects of beach nourishment on Donax trunculus in the Latium coasts (Italy, Central Tyrrhenian Sea). MEDCOAST 07. In: The 8th International Conference on the Mediterranean Coastal Environment, Alexandria, Egypt, November 2007, 753–762 p.
  • Levinton, J.S., (2001). Marine biology. Function, biodiversity, ecology. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 592 p.
  • Lök, A., Serdar, S., Küçükdermenci A., Kırtık, A., Yiğitkurt, S., et al. (2011). Sustainable Turkish Shellfish Culture, PIA-BOSPHORUS, TÜBİTAK. Project Number: 107Y223, Izmir, 249 p.
  • Lucas, A. (1965). Recherches sur la sexualité des Mollusques Bivalves. Bull. Biol. Fr. Belg. 99: 115-247
  • Macho, G., Woodin, S.A., Wethey, D.S., Vazquez, E. (2016). Impacts of sublethal and lethal high temperatures on clams exploited in European fisheries. J. Shellfish Res. 35: 405–419. https://doi.org/10.2983/035.035.0215
  • Manousis, T. (2021). The Marine Mollusca of Greece: an up-to-date, systematic catalogue, documented with bibliographic and pictorial references. Xenophora Taxonomy. 34: 26-47.
  • Martinez-Pita, I., Moreno, O. (2019). Improving bivalve fishery management: the development of a tool to forecast bivalve reproductive season based on environmental data from satellite remote sensing observations. Fish. Oceanogr. 28:698-707 https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12452
  • Marquardt AR, Clark NM, Maietta EG, Park SK, Ruttenberg BI (2022) Reproduction, body condition, age, and growth of a large sandy intertidal bivalve, Tivela stultorum. Aquat Biol 31:19-30. https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00749
  • Moueza, M., and Chessel, D. (1976). Contribution à l’étude de la biologie de Donax trunculus L. (Mollusque: Lamellibranche) dans l’Algerios: analyse statistique de la dispersion le long d’une plage en Baie de Bou Ismaïl. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 21:211-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(76)90116-7
  • Moueza, M., Frenkiel-Renault, L. (1973). Contribution a¡ l'etude de la biologie de Donax trunculus L. (Mollusques Lamelli-branches) dans l'algerois: la reproduction. Cah. Biol. Mar. 14(3):261-283
  • Moueza, M. (1971). Contribution à l’étude de l’écologie et de la biologie de Donax trunculus L. (Mollusque Lamellibranche). PhD Thesis. University of Marseille, 130 p.
  • Nel, R., McLachlan, A., Winter, D.P.E. (2001). The effect of grain size on the burrowing of two Donax species. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 265:219-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0981(01)00335-5
  • Neuberger-Cywiak, L., Achituv, Y., Mizrahi, L. (1990). The ecology of Donax trunculus Linnaeus and Donax semistriatus Poli from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 134:203-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(89)90070-1
  • Ocana, F.A., Fernandez, A. (2011). Morfometría de la concha de Donax denticulatus y Donax striatus de dos playas de Cuba Oriental. Rev. Mar. Cost. 3: 67-75
  • Okumuş, I., Stirling, H.P. (1998). Seasonal variations in the meatweight, condition index and biochemical composition of mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) in suspended culture in two Scottish sea lochs. Aquac. 159:249-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00206-8
  • Öztürk B., Doğan A., Bitlis-Bakir B., Salman, A. (2014). Marine molluscs of the Turkish coasts: an updated checklist. Turk. J. Zool. 38:832-879 https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-78
  • Patino DM., Otero J., Louzán A., Ojea J, Vázquez SN, Álvarez-Salgado XA. (2021). Wedge clam (Donax trunculus Linnaeus, 1758) reproduction: reproductive traits andenvironmental influence in the NW Iberian coast and contrast across Atlantic and Mediterranean waters. Hydrobiologia. 848:1347–1366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04532-x
  • Pekkarinen, M. (1983). Seasonal changes in condition and biochemical constituents in the soft part of Macoma balthica (Lamellibranchiata) in the Tvarminne brackish water area (Baltic Sea). Ann. Zool. Fenn. 20:311-322.
  • Ramon, M., Abelló, P., Richardson, C.A. (1995). Population structure and growth of Donax trunculus (Bivalvia: Donacidae) in the western Mediterranean. Mar. Biol. 121: 665-671. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349302
  • Rios-Jara, E., del Carmen Esqueda-González, M., Michel-Morfin, J. E., López-Uriarte, E., Salgado-Barragán, J. (2019). Growth and morphometric relationships of the bean clam Donax punctatostriatus Hanle, 1843 in a sandy beach of southern Sinaloa, Mexico. Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res. 47(5):764-773. https://doi.org/10.3856/vol47-issue5-fulltext-5
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There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Water Invertebrates
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ali Kırtık 0000-0002-5004-1391

Publication Date June 26, 2025
Submission Date February 14, 2025
Acceptance Date May 16, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kırtık, A. (2025). Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 212-223. https://doi.org/10.58626/memba.1728279
AMA Kırtık A. Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi. June 2025;11(2):212-223. doi:10.58626/memba.1728279
Chicago Kırtık, Ali. “Condition Index, Meat Yield and Reproductive Cycle of Smooth Donax, Donax Variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean”. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi 11, no. 2 (June 2025): 212-23. https://doi.org/10.58626/memba.1728279.
EndNote Kırtık A (June 1, 2025) Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi 11 2 212–223.
IEEE A. Kırtık, “Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean”, MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 212–223, 2025, doi: 10.58626/memba.1728279.
ISNAD Kırtık, Ali. “Condition Index, Meat Yield and Reproductive Cycle of Smooth Donax, Donax Variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean”. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi 11/2 (June 2025), 212-223. https://doi.org/10.58626/memba.1728279.
JAMA Kırtık A. Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;11:212–223.
MLA Kırtık, Ali. “Condition Index, Meat Yield and Reproductive Cycle of Smooth Donax, Donax Variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean”. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 2, 2025, pp. 212-23, doi:10.58626/memba.1728279.
Vancouver Kırtık A. Condition index, meat yield and reproductive cycle of smooth donax, Donax variegatus (Donacidae, Gmelin 1791) in the Eastern Mediterranean. MEMBA Su Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;11(2):212-23.
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