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Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 128 - 140, 01.04.2025

Al-hrkane Hudah Taleb , Mohammed Iman Qasim Al-taweel Luma Salih Jabbar

https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.1642279

Abstract

References

  • Acar, B. Ç., & Yüksekdağ, Z. (2023). Beta-glycosidase activities of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. and the effect of different physiological conditions on enzyme activity. Natural and Engineering Sciences, 8(1), 1-17. http://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.1223571
  • Al-Hilfy, I. H. H., & Al-Temimi, A. H. M. (2017). Response of some synthetic maize cultivars to mineral, organic and bio fertilizer. The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science, 48(6), 1447-1455.
  • AL-Joburi, M. A. (2016). Effect of Phosphorous, Magnesium and Plant Growth Regulators on Avegetative Growth and Chemical Contents of Basil Plant (Ocimum basilicum L.). Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 16(1).
  • Al-Sahuki, M. M. (1990). Yellow corn production and improvement. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, University of Baghdad, Higher Education Press.
  • Alves, L. D. S., Caitano, C. E. C., Ferrari, S., Vieira Júnior, W. G., Heinrichs, R., de Almeida Moreira, B. R., ... & Zied, D. C. (2022). Application of Spent Sun Mushroom Substrate in Substitution of Synthetic Fertilizers at Maize Topdressing. Agronomy, 12(11), 2884. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112884
  • Balavandi, S. (2017). Further study industrial production in hemp crops agriculture. International Academic Journal of Science and Engineering, 4(1), 123–127.
  • Bhat, S. A., Singh, J., & Vig, A. P. (2017). Instrumental characterization of organic wastes for evaluation of vermicompost maturity. Journal of Analytical Science and Technology, 8, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-017-0112-2
  • Black, C. A. (1965). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1 and 2. Physical and Mineralojical Properties, Including Statistics of Measurement and Sampling; Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy, Inc., Publisher Madison, 1572.
  • Black, C. A. (1965). Methods of soil analysis. Part1. Physical and Mineralogical properties Am. Soc. Agron., 9. Ewais, M., Zakaria, S., & Mohamed, A. (2015). Effect of mineral fertilizer integration with organic manure on growth, yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 6(2), 165-179. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2015.41986
  • Faraj, A. H. (2007). Response of yellow maize crop to ground and foliar fertilization with NPK nutrients. Iraqi Agriculture Journal (Special Issue), 12(1), 20-29.
  • Hafez, M., Popov, A. I., & Rashad, M. (2021). Integrated use of bio-organic fertilizers for enhancing soil fertility–plant nutrition, germination status and initial growth of corn (Zea mays L.). Environmental Technology & Innovation, 21, 101329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101329
  • Hasan, K. U. (2019). Effect of the biofertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum & Trichoderma harzianum) and levels of phosphate rock on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
  • Hassan, W., Akmal, M., Muhammad, I., Younas, M., Zahaid, K. R., & Ali, F. (2013). Response of soil microbial biomass and enzymes activity to cadmium (Cd) toxicity under different soil textures and incubation times. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(5), 674-680. Javid, M. G., Sorooshzadeh, A., Moradi, F., Modarres Sanavy, S. A. M., & Allahdadi, I. (2011). The role of phytohormones in alleviating salt stress in crop plants. Australian journal of crop science, 5(6), 726-734. Kakhia, T. I. (2006). Chemistry and technology of starch, glucose and its derivatives, Part 1. President of the Syrian Chemical Society.
  • Landschoot, P., & McNitt, A. (2013). Using spent mushroom substrate (mushroom soil) as a soil amendment to improve turf. Department of Plant Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University. Copyright Information.
  • Mahmood, Y. A., Tajalden, M. M., & Ahmed, F. W. (2010). Effect of different nitrogen levels added to soil and foliar application with potassium on growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) plants. Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(3).
  • Mahmoud, Z. H., Nasser, S. A., & Al-Danasouri, M. F. (2018). Predicting the areas planted with yellow corn in Iraq for the period (2018-2022 AD) using the Box-Jenkins methodology. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 28(1), 305-320.
  • Mohammed, H. A., & Hasan, K. U. (2022). Effect of bacterial bio fertilization on phosphorous budget, growth, and yield of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) When intercropping with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International journal of health sciences, 6(S5), 9200-9212. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS5.10697
  • Mohammed, H. A., & Hasan, K. U. (2023). Effect Of Bacteria and Yeast Bio Fertilization on Nitrogen Budget, Growth, And Yieid of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) When Inter-cropping With Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.). http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/RB/CSS/2023.08.01.79
  • Mohammed, I. Q., & Alkobaisy, J. S. (2024, April). Effect of bio, vermicompost and mineral fertilizers on some soil properties and soybean (Glycine Max L.) growth and productivity. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 3079, No. 1). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0202126
  • Mustapha, S. B., Alkali, A., Zongoma, B. A., & Mohammed, D. (2017). Effects of climatic factors on preference for climate change adaptation strategies among food crop farmers in Borno State, Nigeria. Int Acad Inst Sci Technol, 4, 23-31.
  • Nejad, S. D., Nejad, T. S., & Lack, S. (2010). Study effect drought stress and different levels potassium fertilizer on K accumulation in corn. Nature and science, 8(5), 23-27.
  • Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., & Keeny, D. R. (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part (2) 2nd (ed). Agronomy 9. Amer. Soc. Agron. Madison Wisconsin. Papanicolaou, EP (1976). Determination of cation. Exchange capacity of calcareous soils and their percent base saturation. soil Sci, 121, 67-71.
  • Paul, P. K., Sinha, R. R., Aithal, P. S., Aremu, B., & Saavedra, R. (2020). Agricultural informatics: an overview of integration of agricultural sciences and information science. Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services, 10(1), 48-55. https://doi.org/10.51983/ijiss-2020.10.1.2832
  • Peksen, A., Yakupoglu, G., Yakupoglu, T., Gulser, C., Ozturk, E., & Ozdemir, N. (2011). Changes in chemical compositions of substrates before and after Ganoderma lucidum cultivation. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27, 637-642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-010-0500-x
  • Salem, S. G., & Ali, N. E. S. (2017). Guide to chemical analyses of soil, plants, fertilizers, and water (p. 277). University House for Publishing, Printing, and Translation, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
  • Shah, M. N., Wright, D. L., Hussain, S., Koutroubas, S. D., Seepaul, R., George, S., Ali, S., Naveed, M., Khan, M., Altaf, M. T., Ghaffor, K., Dawar, K., Syed, A., & Eswaramoorthy, R. (2023). Organic fertilizer sources improve the yield and quality attributes of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids by improving soil properties and nutrient uptake under drought stress. Journal of King Saud University – Science, 35(4), 102-570.
  • Sharma, S., Duveiller, E., Basnet, R., Karki, C. B., & Sharma, R. C. (2005). Effect of potash fertilization on Helminthosporium leaf blight severity in wheat, and associated increases in grain yield and kernel weight. Field Crops Research, 93(2-3), 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2004.09.016
  • United States Department of Agriculture. (2006). Nutrient database. The Nutrient Data Laboratory (NDL) has the responsibility to develop USDA’s National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. P. I.
  • Veerasamy, K., & Fredrik, E. T. (2023). Intelligence System towards Identify Weeds in Crops and Vegetables Plantation Using Image Processing and Deep Learning Techniques. Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications, 14(4), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.58346/JOWUA. 2023.I4.004
  • Veerasamy, K., & Fredrik, E. T. (2023). Intelligent Farming based on Uncertainty Expert System with Butterfly Optimization Algorithm for Crop Recommendation. Infinite Study. https://doi.org/10.58346/JISIS.2023.I4.011
  • Wang, H. W., Xu, M., Cai, X. Y., & Tian, F. (2021). Evaluation of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in cucumber continuous cropping soil treated with spent mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) substrate. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 21(8), 2938-2951. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-021-02989-w
  • Webster, K. A., & Buckerfield, J. C. (2003). Spent mushroom compost for viticulture. Australian and New Zealand grapegrower and winemaker, 39-44.
  • Wei, X., Xie, B., Wan, C., Song, R., Zhong, W., Xin, S., & Song, K. (2024). Enhancing soil health and plant growth through microbial fertilizers: Mechanisms, benefits, and sustainable agricultural practices. Agronomy, 14(3), 609. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030609

The Effect of Adding Spent Mushroom, Biological and Mineral Fertilizers on Some Plant Growth Indicators

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 128 - 140, 01.04.2025

Al-hrkane Hudah Taleb , Mohammed Iman Qasim Al-taweel Luma Salih Jabbar

https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.1642279

Abstract

This field experiment was conducted to examine the effect of Spent Mushroom, biological and mineral fertilizers and their effect on some plant indicators in a field planted with Zea Mays L. at harvesting. The results of the experiment indicated that the use of Spent Mushroom, the application of mineral fertilizer at different levels and both types of biofertilizer, which Mentioned like (O, B and M) resulted in a significant increase in Some plant growth indicators. The highest average plant height was 297.3 (cm) for the treatment (O1B1M3), for dry weight 11.97 (mg ha-1) for treatment (O1B2M3), the grain yield was 11.32 (mg ha-1) for the treatment (O1B1M3), the biological yield was 26.37 (mg ha-1) for the treatment (O1B1M3) and the chlorophyll content was 114.30 (SPAD). Compared to the comparison treatment. It can be concluded from the above that the use of Spent Mushroom farm waste as organic fertilizer, as well as biological of both types and mineral fertilizers, and despite the varying results of the fertilizers used, they led to plant growth indicators which is reflected in their quality.

Keywords

Bacillus mehaterium chromobacterium violaceum spent mushroom zea Mays L. growth indicators

References

  • Acar, B. Ç., & Yüksekdağ, Z. (2023). Beta-glycosidase activities of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. and the effect of different physiological conditions on enzyme activity. Natural and Engineering Sciences, 8(1), 1-17. http://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.1223571
  • Al-Hilfy, I. H. H., & Al-Temimi, A. H. M. (2017). Response of some synthetic maize cultivars to mineral, organic and bio fertilizer. The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science, 48(6), 1447-1455.
  • AL-Joburi, M. A. (2016). Effect of Phosphorous, Magnesium and Plant Growth Regulators on Avegetative Growth and Chemical Contents of Basil Plant (Ocimum basilicum L.). Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 16(1).
  • Al-Sahuki, M. M. (1990). Yellow corn production and improvement. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, University of Baghdad, Higher Education Press.
  • Alves, L. D. S., Caitano, C. E. C., Ferrari, S., Vieira Júnior, W. G., Heinrichs, R., de Almeida Moreira, B. R., ... & Zied, D. C. (2022). Application of Spent Sun Mushroom Substrate in Substitution of Synthetic Fertilizers at Maize Topdressing. Agronomy, 12(11), 2884. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112884
  • Balavandi, S. (2017). Further study industrial production in hemp crops agriculture. International Academic Journal of Science and Engineering, 4(1), 123–127.
  • Bhat, S. A., Singh, J., & Vig, A. P. (2017). Instrumental characterization of organic wastes for evaluation of vermicompost maturity. Journal of Analytical Science and Technology, 8, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-017-0112-2
  • Black, C. A. (1965). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1 and 2. Physical and Mineralojical Properties, Including Statistics of Measurement and Sampling; Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Agronomy, Inc., Publisher Madison, 1572.
  • Black, C. A. (1965). Methods of soil analysis. Part1. Physical and Mineralogical properties Am. Soc. Agron., 9. Ewais, M., Zakaria, S., & Mohamed, A. (2015). Effect of mineral fertilizer integration with organic manure on growth, yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, 6(2), 165-179. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2015.41986
  • Faraj, A. H. (2007). Response of yellow maize crop to ground and foliar fertilization with NPK nutrients. Iraqi Agriculture Journal (Special Issue), 12(1), 20-29.
  • Hafez, M., Popov, A. I., & Rashad, M. (2021). Integrated use of bio-organic fertilizers for enhancing soil fertility–plant nutrition, germination status and initial growth of corn (Zea mays L.). Environmental Technology & Innovation, 21, 101329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101329
  • Hasan, K. U. (2019). Effect of the biofertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum & Trichoderma harzianum) and levels of phosphate rock on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
  • Hassan, W., Akmal, M., Muhammad, I., Younas, M., Zahaid, K. R., & Ali, F. (2013). Response of soil microbial biomass and enzymes activity to cadmium (Cd) toxicity under different soil textures and incubation times. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(5), 674-680. Javid, M. G., Sorooshzadeh, A., Moradi, F., Modarres Sanavy, S. A. M., & Allahdadi, I. (2011). The role of phytohormones in alleviating salt stress in crop plants. Australian journal of crop science, 5(6), 726-734. Kakhia, T. I. (2006). Chemistry and technology of starch, glucose and its derivatives, Part 1. President of the Syrian Chemical Society.
  • Landschoot, P., & McNitt, A. (2013). Using spent mushroom substrate (mushroom soil) as a soil amendment to improve turf. Department of Plant Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University. Copyright Information.
  • Mahmood, Y. A., Tajalden, M. M., & Ahmed, F. W. (2010). Effect of different nitrogen levels added to soil and foliar application with potassium on growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.) plants. Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(3).
  • Mahmoud, Z. H., Nasser, S. A., & Al-Danasouri, M. F. (2018). Predicting the areas planted with yellow corn in Iraq for the period (2018-2022 AD) using the Box-Jenkins methodology. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 28(1), 305-320.
  • Mohammed, H. A., & Hasan, K. U. (2022). Effect of bacterial bio fertilization on phosphorous budget, growth, and yield of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) When intercropping with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International journal of health sciences, 6(S5), 9200-9212. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS5.10697
  • Mohammed, H. A., & Hasan, K. U. (2023). Effect Of Bacteria and Yeast Bio Fertilization on Nitrogen Budget, Growth, And Yieid of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) When Inter-cropping With Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.). http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/RB/CSS/2023.08.01.79
  • Mohammed, I. Q., & Alkobaisy, J. S. (2024, April). Effect of bio, vermicompost and mineral fertilizers on some soil properties and soybean (Glycine Max L.) growth and productivity. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 3079, No. 1). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0202126
  • Mustapha, S. B., Alkali, A., Zongoma, B. A., & Mohammed, D. (2017). Effects of climatic factors on preference for climate change adaptation strategies among food crop farmers in Borno State, Nigeria. Int Acad Inst Sci Technol, 4, 23-31.
  • Nejad, S. D., Nejad, T. S., & Lack, S. (2010). Study effect drought stress and different levels potassium fertilizer on K accumulation in corn. Nature and science, 8(5), 23-27.
  • Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., & Keeny, D. R. (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part (2) 2nd (ed). Agronomy 9. Amer. Soc. Agron. Madison Wisconsin. Papanicolaou, EP (1976). Determination of cation. Exchange capacity of calcareous soils and their percent base saturation. soil Sci, 121, 67-71.
  • Paul, P. K., Sinha, R. R., Aithal, P. S., Aremu, B., & Saavedra, R. (2020). Agricultural informatics: an overview of integration of agricultural sciences and information science. Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services, 10(1), 48-55. https://doi.org/10.51983/ijiss-2020.10.1.2832
  • Peksen, A., Yakupoglu, G., Yakupoglu, T., Gulser, C., Ozturk, E., & Ozdemir, N. (2011). Changes in chemical compositions of substrates before and after Ganoderma lucidum cultivation. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27, 637-642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-010-0500-x
  • Salem, S. G., & Ali, N. E. S. (2017). Guide to chemical analyses of soil, plants, fertilizers, and water (p. 277). University House for Publishing, Printing, and Translation, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
  • Shah, M. N., Wright, D. L., Hussain, S., Koutroubas, S. D., Seepaul, R., George, S., Ali, S., Naveed, M., Khan, M., Altaf, M. T., Ghaffor, K., Dawar, K., Syed, A., & Eswaramoorthy, R. (2023). Organic fertilizer sources improve the yield and quality attributes of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids by improving soil properties and nutrient uptake under drought stress. Journal of King Saud University – Science, 35(4), 102-570.
  • Sharma, S., Duveiller, E., Basnet, R., Karki, C. B., & Sharma, R. C. (2005). Effect of potash fertilization on Helminthosporium leaf blight severity in wheat, and associated increases in grain yield and kernel weight. Field Crops Research, 93(2-3), 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2004.09.016
  • United States Department of Agriculture. (2006). Nutrient database. The Nutrient Data Laboratory (NDL) has the responsibility to develop USDA’s National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. P. I.
  • Veerasamy, K., & Fredrik, E. T. (2023). Intelligence System towards Identify Weeds in Crops and Vegetables Plantation Using Image Processing and Deep Learning Techniques. Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications, 14(4), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.58346/JOWUA. 2023.I4.004
  • Veerasamy, K., & Fredrik, E. T. (2023). Intelligent Farming based on Uncertainty Expert System with Butterfly Optimization Algorithm for Crop Recommendation. Infinite Study. https://doi.org/10.58346/JISIS.2023.I4.011
  • Wang, H. W., Xu, M., Cai, X. Y., & Tian, F. (2021). Evaluation of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in cucumber continuous cropping soil treated with spent mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) substrate. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 21(8), 2938-2951. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-021-02989-w
  • Webster, K. A., & Buckerfield, J. C. (2003). Spent mushroom compost for viticulture. Australian and New Zealand grapegrower and winemaker, 39-44.
  • Wei, X., Xie, B., Wan, C., Song, R., Zhong, W., Xin, S., & Song, K. (2024). Enhancing soil health and plant growth through microbial fertilizers: Mechanisms, benefits, and sustainable agricultural practices. Agronomy, 14(3), 609. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030609
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Aquaculture
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Al-hrkane Hudah Taleb 0009-0008-9051-6719

Mohammed Iman Qasim 0000-0002-3348-2283

Al-taweel Luma Salih Jabbar 0009-0008-9038-0348

Publication Date April 1, 2025
Submission Date February 18, 2025
Acceptance Date March 20, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Taleb, A.-h. H., Qasim, M. I., & Jabbar, A.-t. L. S. (2025). The Effect of Adding Spent Mushroom, Biological and Mineral Fertilizers on Some Plant Growth Indicators. Natural and Engineering Sciences, 10(1), 128-140. https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.1642279

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