Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Culture-Specıfıc Perfectıonısm Patterns: Chıld Athletes, Theır Parents and Coaches

Year 2025, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 89 - 106, 25.04.2025

İzzet Karakulak , Özge Yavaş , Ender Eyuboğlu , Dilara Erkan

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1659304

Abstract

The study aimed to examine the sport-related perfectionism levels of child athletes engaged in various sports for recreational purposes in terms of demographic variables in relation to sport-related perfectionism patterns specific to Turkish culture. The study, which was conducted using the convenience sampling method, collected data from 394 child athletes who are engaged in various sports (volleyball, football, swimming, tennis, gymnastics, and basketball) for recreational purposes in sports clubs in various cities in Turkey. The “Excellent Performance Scale in Sports (Child Form)” was used as the data collection tool. Descriptive statistics, T-test, Anova, Post-Hoc analyses were used to analyze the data. The t-test analysis results showed a significant relationship between sex and age variables with sex and parental pressure and coach pressure variables with performance perfectionism (p<0.01). The results of Anova and Post-Hoc analysis show statistically significant differences between the variables of sports encouragement and sports branches and excellent performance (p<0.05). As a result of the research, it was concluded that the performance perfectionism of male child athletes is high; child athletes interested in football show higher performance perfectionism compared to other branches; child athletes encouraged by their coaches have higher performance perfectionism; and parental and coach pressure in sports negatively affects performance perfectionism.

Keywords

Athlete Child Perfectionism Parent Coach

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee permission was obtained for the research from Mardin Artuklu University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee with the decision number 15 dated 05/03/2025.

References

  • Affrunti, N. W., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2016). Negative affect and child internalizing symptoms: The mediating role of perfectionism. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 47(3), 358–368.
  • Affrunti, N. W., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2017). Emotional control mediates the association between dimensions of perfectionism and worry in children. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 48(1), 73–81.
  • Aktug, Z. B., & Iri, R. (2018). The effect of motor performance on sportive performance of children in different sports branches. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(2), 75–79.
  • Anshel, M. H., & Eom, H. J. (2003). Exploring the dimensions of perfectionism in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology,34(3), 255–271.
  • Anshel, M. H., & Mansouri, H. (2005). Influences of perfectionism on motor performance, affect, and causal attributions in response to critical information feedback. Journal of Sport Behavior, 28(2).
  • Anshel, M. H., & Sutarso, T. (2010). Conceptualizing maladaptive sport perfectionism as a function of gender. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 4(4), 263–281.
  • Anshel, M. H., Kim, J. K., & Henry, R. (2009). Reconceptualizing indicants of sport perfectionism as a function of gender. Journal of Sport Behavior, 32(4).
  • Appleton, P. R., & Curran, T. (2016). The origins of perfectionism in sport, dance, and exercise. In The psychology of perfectionism in sport, dance and exercise. London: Routledge.
  • Bornstein, M. H, Putnick, D. L, & Lansford, J. E. (2011). Parenting attributions and attitudes in cross-cultural perspective. Parent in Science Project, 11(3),214-237.
  • Bornstein, M. H., Haynes, O. M., Azuma, H., Galperin, C., Maital, S., Ogino M, … et al. (1998). A cross-national study of self-evaluations and attributions in parenting: Argentina, Belgium, France, Israel, Italy, Japan, and the United States. Developmental Psychology. 34,662–676.
  • Chan, S., Lo, B. C. Y., Ng, T. K., & Cheng, K. H. (2022). Perfectionism and worry in children: The moderating role of mothers’ parenting styles. Current Psychology, 1–9.
  • Claringbould, I., & Knoppers, A. (2012). Paradoxical practices of gender in sport-related organizations. Journal of Sport Management, 26, 404–416.
  • Connell, R. (2009). Gender in world perspective. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Cook, L. C., & Kearney, C. A. (2009). Parent and youth perfectionism and internalizing psychopathology. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(3), 325–330.
  • Çelik, O. B., & Yenilmez, M. İ. (2019). Oyunu değiştirmek: Neden daha fazla kadın spora katılım sağlayamıyor? Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7, 9–17.
  • Çepikkurt, F. (2005). Çocuk sporlarında ailesel katılımın aşırı olmasının psikolojik kazanımları: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması [Yüksek lisans tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi], Mersin.
  • Domocus, I. M., Damian, L. E., & Benga, O. (2022). Perfectionism shapes the way adolescents perceive family acceptance over time. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 39(5), 1369–1389.
  • Dunn, J. G., Dunn, J. C., & Syrotuik, D. G. (2001). Relationship between multidimensional perfectionism and goal orientations in sport. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24(4), 376–395.
  • Dunn, J. G., Dunn, J. C., Gotwals, J. K., Vallance, J. K., Craft, J. M., & Syrotuik, D. G. (2006). Establishing construct validity evidence for the sport multidimensional perfectionism scale. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 7(1), 57–79.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., & Dunn, J. C. (2005). An examination of the domain specificity of perfectionism among intercollegiate student-athletes. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(6), 1439–1448.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., Dunn, J. C., & Lizmore, M. R. (2022). Perceived parental pressure and perceived coach pressure in adolescent and adult sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 59, 102100.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., Dunn, J. C., & Syrotuik, D. G. (2006). Examining the relationship between perfectionism and trait anger in competitive sport. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 7–24.
  • Edwards, M. (2009). Sivil toplum (2. baskı). Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Esentaş, M., Güzel, P., & Tez, Ö. Y. (2020). Sporda mükemmel performans ölçeği’nin (PPS-S) çocuk ve yetişkin sporcular için geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi: Kısa form. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 18–34.
  • Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Oliver, J. M., & Macdonald, S. (2002). Perfectionism in children and their parents: A developmental analysis. Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment. American Psychological Association.
  • Gedik, Y. (2022). Bir Oyundan Daha Fazlası: Spor Pazarlaması Avantajları, Zorlukları ve Stratejileri Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Değerlendirme. Yeni Medya Elektronik Dergisi, 6(2), 169- 187.
  • Ghani, F. B. A, Kamal, S. L. A., & Aziz, A. (2014). The ımplication of parenting styles on the akhlak of muslim teenagers in the south of Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114,761-765.
  • Gorely, T., Holroyd, R., & Kirk, D. (2003). Muscularity, the habitus and the social construction of gender: Towards a gender-relevant physical education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 24(4), 429–448.
  • Gökçe, H., Keçeci, K., & Yıldız, A. (2019). Ailelerin çocuklarını spora gönderme sebeplerinin belirlenmesi: Pilot çalışma. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 356-366.
  • Günel, İ., & Duyan, M. (2021). Examination of The Personality Traits Of Athletes And Their Level Of Excellent Performance. Internatıonal Journal Of Lıfe Scıence And Pharma Research, 21-28.
  • Haveman, H. (2012). If you’re so smart, why aren’t you the boss? Explaining the persistent vertical gender gap in management. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 639, 114–130.
  • Hill, A. P., Appleton, P. R., & Mallinson, S. H. (2016). Development and initial validation of the performance perfectionism scale for sport (PPS-S). Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34(7), 653–669.
  • Kaplan, Y., & Akkaya, C. (2014). Spor kültürü ve Türkiye'de spor. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 2(Special Issue 2), 114–119.
  • Kirnieck, J., Horn, T., & Shurin, L. S. (1996). Relationships among children's beliefs, perceptions of their parents' beliefs, and their moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 67, 324–336.
  • Knoppers, A., & McDonald, M. (2010). Scholarship on gender and sport in Sex Roles and beyond. Sex Roles, 63, 311–323. Koca, C. (2006). Beden eğitimi ve spor alanında toplumsal cinsiyet ilişkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(2), 81–99.
  • Koca, C., & Demirhan, G. (2004). An examination of high school students' attitudes toward physical education with regard to sex and sport participation. Perceptual and Motor, Skills 98(3), 754-758.
  • Koca, C., Aşçı, F. H., & Demirhan, G. (2005). Attitudes toward physical education and class preferences of Turkish adolescents in terms of school gender composition. Adolescence, 40(158).
  • Kovács, K., Németh, K., Földi, R. F., & Gyömbér, N. (2022). Stressful sport-parenting? Development and initial validation of parental stressors scale in sport. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(1), 75–84.
  • Livazović, G., & Kuzmanović, K. (2022). Predicting adolescent perfectionism: The role of socio-demographic traits, personal relationships, and media. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 10(1), 189.
  • Madigan, D. J., Curran, T., Stoeber, J., Hill, A. P., Smith, M. M., & Passfield, L. (2019). Development of perfectionism in junior athletes: A three-sample study of coach and parental pressure. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 41(3), 167–175.
  • Masiran, R. (2022). A review of parenting in a multicultural country: The Malaysian experience. IntechOpen. O'Connor, R. C., Dixon, D., & Rasmussen, S. (2009). The structure and temporal stability of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale. Psychological Assessment, 21(3), 437.
  • Penney, D., & Evans, J. (1997). Naming the game: Discourse and domination in physical education and sport in England and Wales. European Physical Education Review, 3(1), 21–32.
  • Sagas, M., & Cunningham, G. (2004). Does having the “right stuff” matter? Gender differences in the determinants of career success among intercollegiate athletic administrators. Sex Roles, 50, 411–421.
  • Stoeber, J. (2018). The psychology of perfectionism: Critical issues, open questions, and future directions. In J. Stoeber (Ed.), The psychology of perfectionism: Theory, research, applications. London: Routledge.
  • Stoeber, J. (2018). The psychology of perfectionism: Critical issues, open questions, and future directions. In J. Stoeber (Ed.), The psychology of perfectionism: Theory, research, applications. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Stoeber, J., Uphill, M. A., & Hotham, S. (2009). Predicting race performance in triathlon: The role of perfectionism, achievement goals, and personal goal setting. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 31(2), 211–245.
  • Wadsworth, L. P., Burgess, A., & DiBartolo, P. (2021). Examining psychometrics of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale in children ages 8–12 years using child and parent report. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 1–10.
  • Yang, H., Hong, C., Tao, X., & Zhu, L. (2015). Revising the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale: A test of the four-factor structure in a Chinese sample. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 48(3), 192–203.
  • Yılmaz, B., Görün, L., & Alper, R. (2023). Ebeveynlerin ders dışı sportif etkinlere yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3), 192-204.
  • Zorba, E. (2024). Ailelerin çocukları spora yönlendirme sebepleri ve beklentileri arasındaki ilişki, Sportive, 7(2)

Kültüre Özgü Mükemmeliyetçilik Örüntüleri: Çocuk Sporcular, Ebeveynleri ve Antrenörleri

Year 2025, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 89 - 106, 25.04.2025

İzzet Karakulak , Özge Yavaş , Ender Eyuboğlu , Dilara Erkan

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1659304

Abstract

Araştırmada, Türk kültürüne özgü spora ilişkin mükemmeliyetçilik örüntüleriyle ilişki olarak rekreasyonel amaçlı çeşitli sporlarla uğraşan çocuk sporcuların spora ilişkin mükemmeliyetçilik düzeylerinin demografik değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemi gerçekleştirilen araştırmaya Türkiye’de çeşitli illerdeki spor kulüpleri altında yer alan rekreasyonel amaçlı çeşitli sporlarla (voleybol, futbol, yüzme, tenis, cimnastik ve basketbol) ilgilenen 394 çocuk sporcudan veriler toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Sporda Mükemmel Performans Ölçeği (Çocuk Formu)” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, T-testi, Anova, Post-Hoc analizleri kullanılmıştır. T-testi analizi sonuçları, cinsiyet ve yaş değişkenleri ile cinsiyet, ebeveyn baskısı ve antrenör baskısı değişkenlerinin performans mükemmeliyetçiliği ile anlamlı bir ilişkisi olduğunu göstermiştir (p<0,01). Anova ve Post-Hoc analizi sonuçları spora teşvik ve spor branşları değişkenleri ile mükemmel performans arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektedir (p<0,05). Araştırma sonucunda erkek çocuk sporcuların performans mükemmeliyetçiliğinin yüksek olduğu; futbolla ilgilenen çocuk sporcuların diğer branşlara göre daha yüksek performans mükemmeliyetçiliği gösterdiği; antrenörleri tarafından spora teşvik edilen çocuk sporcuların performans mükemmeliyetçiliğinin daha yüksek olduğu; sporda ebeveyn ve antrenör baskısının performans mükemmeliyetçiliğini olumsuz etkilediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Antrenör Çocuk Ebeveyn Mükemmeliyetçilik Sporcu

Ethical Statement

Araştırma için Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulu’ndan 05/03/2025 tarihli ve 15’nolu karar sayısı ile etik kurul izni alınmıştır.

References

  • Affrunti, N. W., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2016). Negative affect and child internalizing symptoms: The mediating role of perfectionism. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 47(3), 358–368.
  • Affrunti, N. W., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2017). Emotional control mediates the association between dimensions of perfectionism and worry in children. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 48(1), 73–81.
  • Aktug, Z. B., & Iri, R. (2018). The effect of motor performance on sportive performance of children in different sports branches. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(2), 75–79.
  • Anshel, M. H., & Eom, H. J. (2003). Exploring the dimensions of perfectionism in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology,34(3), 255–271.
  • Anshel, M. H., & Mansouri, H. (2005). Influences of perfectionism on motor performance, affect, and causal attributions in response to critical information feedback. Journal of Sport Behavior, 28(2).
  • Anshel, M. H., & Sutarso, T. (2010). Conceptualizing maladaptive sport perfectionism as a function of gender. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 4(4), 263–281.
  • Anshel, M. H., Kim, J. K., & Henry, R. (2009). Reconceptualizing indicants of sport perfectionism as a function of gender. Journal of Sport Behavior, 32(4).
  • Appleton, P. R., & Curran, T. (2016). The origins of perfectionism in sport, dance, and exercise. In The psychology of perfectionism in sport, dance and exercise. London: Routledge.
  • Bornstein, M. H, Putnick, D. L, & Lansford, J. E. (2011). Parenting attributions and attitudes in cross-cultural perspective. Parent in Science Project, 11(3),214-237.
  • Bornstein, M. H., Haynes, O. M., Azuma, H., Galperin, C., Maital, S., Ogino M, … et al. (1998). A cross-national study of self-evaluations and attributions in parenting: Argentina, Belgium, France, Israel, Italy, Japan, and the United States. Developmental Psychology. 34,662–676.
  • Chan, S., Lo, B. C. Y., Ng, T. K., & Cheng, K. H. (2022). Perfectionism and worry in children: The moderating role of mothers’ parenting styles. Current Psychology, 1–9.
  • Claringbould, I., & Knoppers, A. (2012). Paradoxical practices of gender in sport-related organizations. Journal of Sport Management, 26, 404–416.
  • Connell, R. (2009). Gender in world perspective. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Cook, L. C., & Kearney, C. A. (2009). Parent and youth perfectionism and internalizing psychopathology. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(3), 325–330.
  • Çelik, O. B., & Yenilmez, M. İ. (2019). Oyunu değiştirmek: Neden daha fazla kadın spora katılım sağlayamıyor? Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7, 9–17.
  • Çepikkurt, F. (2005). Çocuk sporlarında ailesel katılımın aşırı olmasının psikolojik kazanımları: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması [Yüksek lisans tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi], Mersin.
  • Domocus, I. M., Damian, L. E., & Benga, O. (2022). Perfectionism shapes the way adolescents perceive family acceptance over time. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 39(5), 1369–1389.
  • Dunn, J. G., Dunn, J. C., & Syrotuik, D. G. (2001). Relationship between multidimensional perfectionism and goal orientations in sport. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24(4), 376–395.
  • Dunn, J. G., Dunn, J. C., Gotwals, J. K., Vallance, J. K., Craft, J. M., & Syrotuik, D. G. (2006). Establishing construct validity evidence for the sport multidimensional perfectionism scale. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 7(1), 57–79.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., & Dunn, J. C. (2005). An examination of the domain specificity of perfectionism among intercollegiate student-athletes. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(6), 1439–1448.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., Dunn, J. C., & Lizmore, M. R. (2022). Perceived parental pressure and perceived coach pressure in adolescent and adult sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 59, 102100.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., Dunn, J. C., & Syrotuik, D. G. (2006). Examining the relationship between perfectionism and trait anger in competitive sport. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 7–24.
  • Edwards, M. (2009). Sivil toplum (2. baskı). Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Esentaş, M., Güzel, P., & Tez, Ö. Y. (2020). Sporda mükemmel performans ölçeği’nin (PPS-S) çocuk ve yetişkin sporcular için geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi: Kısa form. Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 18–34.
  • Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Oliver, J. M., & Macdonald, S. (2002). Perfectionism in children and their parents: A developmental analysis. Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment. American Psychological Association.
  • Gedik, Y. (2022). Bir Oyundan Daha Fazlası: Spor Pazarlaması Avantajları, Zorlukları ve Stratejileri Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Değerlendirme. Yeni Medya Elektronik Dergisi, 6(2), 169- 187.
  • Ghani, F. B. A, Kamal, S. L. A., & Aziz, A. (2014). The ımplication of parenting styles on the akhlak of muslim teenagers in the south of Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114,761-765.
  • Gorely, T., Holroyd, R., & Kirk, D. (2003). Muscularity, the habitus and the social construction of gender: Towards a gender-relevant physical education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 24(4), 429–448.
  • Gökçe, H., Keçeci, K., & Yıldız, A. (2019). Ailelerin çocuklarını spora gönderme sebeplerinin belirlenmesi: Pilot çalışma. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 356-366.
  • Günel, İ., & Duyan, M. (2021). Examination of The Personality Traits Of Athletes And Their Level Of Excellent Performance. Internatıonal Journal Of Lıfe Scıence And Pharma Research, 21-28.
  • Haveman, H. (2012). If you’re so smart, why aren’t you the boss? Explaining the persistent vertical gender gap in management. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 639, 114–130.
  • Hill, A. P., Appleton, P. R., & Mallinson, S. H. (2016). Development and initial validation of the performance perfectionism scale for sport (PPS-S). Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34(7), 653–669.
  • Kaplan, Y., & Akkaya, C. (2014). Spor kültürü ve Türkiye'de spor. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 2(Special Issue 2), 114–119.
  • Kirnieck, J., Horn, T., & Shurin, L. S. (1996). Relationships among children's beliefs, perceptions of their parents' beliefs, and their moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 67, 324–336.
  • Knoppers, A., & McDonald, M. (2010). Scholarship on gender and sport in Sex Roles and beyond. Sex Roles, 63, 311–323. Koca, C. (2006). Beden eğitimi ve spor alanında toplumsal cinsiyet ilişkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(2), 81–99.
  • Koca, C., & Demirhan, G. (2004). An examination of high school students' attitudes toward physical education with regard to sex and sport participation. Perceptual and Motor, Skills 98(3), 754-758.
  • Koca, C., Aşçı, F. H., & Demirhan, G. (2005). Attitudes toward physical education and class preferences of Turkish adolescents in terms of school gender composition. Adolescence, 40(158).
  • Kovács, K., Németh, K., Földi, R. F., & Gyömbér, N. (2022). Stressful sport-parenting? Development and initial validation of parental stressors scale in sport. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(1), 75–84.
  • Livazović, G., & Kuzmanović, K. (2022). Predicting adolescent perfectionism: The role of socio-demographic traits, personal relationships, and media. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 10(1), 189.
  • Madigan, D. J., Curran, T., Stoeber, J., Hill, A. P., Smith, M. M., & Passfield, L. (2019). Development of perfectionism in junior athletes: A three-sample study of coach and parental pressure. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 41(3), 167–175.
  • Masiran, R. (2022). A review of parenting in a multicultural country: The Malaysian experience. IntechOpen. O'Connor, R. C., Dixon, D., & Rasmussen, S. (2009). The structure and temporal stability of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale. Psychological Assessment, 21(3), 437.
  • Penney, D., & Evans, J. (1997). Naming the game: Discourse and domination in physical education and sport in England and Wales. European Physical Education Review, 3(1), 21–32.
  • Sagas, M., & Cunningham, G. (2004). Does having the “right stuff” matter? Gender differences in the determinants of career success among intercollegiate athletic administrators. Sex Roles, 50, 411–421.
  • Stoeber, J. (2018). The psychology of perfectionism: Critical issues, open questions, and future directions. In J. Stoeber (Ed.), The psychology of perfectionism: Theory, research, applications. London: Routledge.
  • Stoeber, J. (2018). The psychology of perfectionism: Critical issues, open questions, and future directions. In J. Stoeber (Ed.), The psychology of perfectionism: Theory, research, applications. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Stoeber, J., Uphill, M. A., & Hotham, S. (2009). Predicting race performance in triathlon: The role of perfectionism, achievement goals, and personal goal setting. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 31(2), 211–245.
  • Wadsworth, L. P., Burgess, A., & DiBartolo, P. (2021). Examining psychometrics of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale in children ages 8–12 years using child and parent report. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 1–10.
  • Yang, H., Hong, C., Tao, X., & Zhu, L. (2015). Revising the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale: A test of the four-factor structure in a Chinese sample. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 48(3), 192–203.
  • Yılmaz, B., Görün, L., & Alper, R. (2023). Ebeveynlerin ders dışı sportif etkinlere yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(3), 192-204.
  • Zorba, E. (2024). Ailelerin çocukları spora yönlendirme sebepleri ve beklentileri arasındaki ilişki, Sportive, 7(2)
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports and Recreation
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İzzet Karakulak 0000-0003-0673-4796

Özge Yavaş 0000-0002-1948-1620

Ender Eyuboğlu 0000-0002-0196-1853

Dilara Erkan 0000-0002-2403-4841

Early Pub Date April 24, 2025
Publication Date April 25, 2025
Submission Date March 17, 2025
Acceptance Date April 17, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 16 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Karakulak, İ., Yavaş, Ö., Eyuboğlu, E., Erkan, D. (2025). Kültüre Özgü Mükemmeliyetçilik Örüntüleri: Çocuk Sporcular, Ebeveynleri ve Antrenörleri. Spor Ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(1), 89-106. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1659304
 Download Cover Image