Research Article
Determining of Cd Accumulation Capacities of Some Barley Varieties under Cadmium and NaCl Salt Stress
Abstract
This research was conducted as a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions. Soil was contaminated at a level of 5 ppm Cd. Shoot dry matter yield and Cd concentration of six barley plants grown under Cd 5 ppm and NaCl (0 and 3000 ppm) doses were determined. It was revealed that there were significant differences in shoot dry matter yields of barley cultivars with Cd treatment. This effect was more significant in Cd 5 ppm and NaCl (3000 ppm) treatments, which decreased dry matter yields by about 25%. Among the varieties, the highest dry matter yield was determined to be decreased by 26.6% in Çetin 2000 variety. There were also significant differences in the Cd accumulation capacity of barley varieties grown under both stresses. It was determined that the Cd 5 + NaCl treatment accumulated 3.3 times more Cd in the green parts of the Hilal cultivar as a result of Cd 5 + NaCl treatment compared to Cd 5 and no salt treatment. It was found that Hilal was the least Cd accumulating cultivar without NaCl, while the highest Cd accumulating cultivar was Avcı 2002 (35.57 mg kg-1) in the +NaCl treatment. In the results, it was found that dry matter yield and Cd accumulation capacity of the varieties were statistically significant at P<0.05 level. In this study, it was revealed that salt increased Cd uptake in some livestock feed barley varieties.
References
- Afzal, I., S. Rauf, Basra, S. M. A. ve Murtaza, G. (2008). Halopriming improves vigor, metabolism of reserves and ionic contents in wheat seedlings under salt stress. Plant, Soil and Environment, 54(9), 382-388.
- Bayraklı, F. (1998). Toprak kimyası. O.M.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Kitabı, No: 26.
- Aydemir, Ö. E., Korkmaz, K., & Özkutlu, F. (2022). The effect of foliar application of different amino acids (L-histidine, methionine) on cadmium and zinc uptake of wheat. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 10(8), 1482-1485. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i8.1482-1485.5141
- Buchet, J. P., Lauwerys, R., Roels, H., Bernard, A., Bruaux, P. ve Claeys, F. (1990). Renal effects of cadmium body burden of the general population. Lancet 336, 699–702. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(90)92201-R
- Çağlarırmak, N. ve Hepçimen Z. A., (2010). Ağır metal toprak kirliliğinin gıda zinciri ve insan sağlığına etkisi. Akademik Gıda 8(2), 31-35. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/akademik-gida/issue/55834/764810
- Dinler, B. S., Cetinkaya, H., Akgun, M. ve Korkmaz, K. (2021). Simultaneous treatment of different gibberellic acid doses induces ion accumulation and response mechanisms to salt damage in maize roots. Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, 9(3), 258.
- Ekbic, E., Cagıran, C., Korkmaz, K., Kose, M. A. ve Aras, V. (2017). Assessment of watermelon accessions for salt tolerance using stress tolerance indices. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 41, 616-625. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017416013017
- Gill, S. S. ve Tuteja, N. (2011). Cadmium stress tolerance in crop plants: Probing the role of sulfur. Plant Signal. Behav., 6, 215–222. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.6.2.14880
- Huang, Y., Zhang, G., Wu, F., Chen, J. ve Zhou, M. (2007). Differences in physiological traits among salt-stressed barley genotypes. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 37(3-4), 557-570. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620500449419
- Kabata-Pendias, A. ve Pendias, H. (1992). Trace elements in soils and plants. CRC Press.
- Kılıç, R. ve Korkmaz, K. (2012). Kimyasal gübrelerin tarım topraklarında artık etkileri. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5(2), 87-90. http://bibad.gen.tr/index.php/bibad/article/download/184/184
- Korkmaz, K., Kara, S. M., Ozkutlu, F. ve Gul, V. (2010). Monitoring of heavy metals and selected micronutrients in hempseeds from North-western Turkey. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(6), 463-467. https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-full-text-pdf/0089EF428319.pdf
- Korkmaz, K., Kara, Ş. M., Özkutlu, F., Akgün, M. ve Şenkal, B. C. (2017). Profile of heavy metal and nutrient elements in some sideritis species. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 51(3). https://www.ijper.org/sites/default/files/Doi%20-%20article%20id%2010.5530ijper.51.3s.14.pdf
- Korkmaz, K., Ertürk, Ö., Ayvaz, M. Ç., Özcan, M. M., Akgün, M., Kirli, A. ve Alver, D. O. (2018). Effect of cadmium application on antimicrobial, antioxidant and total phenolic content of basil genotypes. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 52(4), S108-S114.
- Korkmaz, K., Akgün, M., Kırlı, A., Özcan, M. M., Dede, Ö. ve Kara, Ş. M. (2020). Effects of gibberellic acid and salicylic acid applications on some physical and chemical properties of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) grown under salt stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 8(4), 873-881. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i4.873-881.3044
- Korkmaz, K., Akgün, M., Özcan, M. M., Özkutlu, F. ve Kara, Ş. M. (2021). Interaction effects of phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) on dry matter, concentration and uptake of P and Zn in chia. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 44(5), 755-764. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2020.1845373
- Ozkutlu, F., Ozturk, L., Erdem, H., McLaughlin, M. ve Çakmak, İ. (2007) . Leaf-applied sodium chloride promotes cadmium accumulation in durum wheat grain. Plant and Soil, 290, 323-331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-9164-6
- Özkutlu, F. ve Kara, Ş. M. (2019). Cd concentration of durum wheat grain as influenced by soil salinity. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 8(1), 97-100. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.593833
- Pedro, C. A., Santos, M. S. S., Ferreira, S. M. F. ve Gonçalves, S. C. (2013). The influence of cadmium contamination and salinity on the survival, growth and phytoremediation capacity of the saltmarsh plant salicornia ramosissima. Marine Environmental Research, 92, 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.09.018
- Rady, M. M. (2011). Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on growth, yield, antioxidant system and cadmium content of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plant sunder salinity and cadmium stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 129, 232–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.03.035
- Rizwan, M., Ali, S., Abbas, T., Zia-Ur-Rehman, M., Hannan, F., Keller, C., Al-Wabel, M. I., ve Ok, Y. S. (2016). Cadmium minimization in wheat: A critical review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 130, 43–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.001
- Shahid, M., Khalid, S., Abbas, G., Shahid, N., Nadeem, M. ve Sabir, M. (2015). Heavy metal stress and crop productivity. In K. R. Hakeem (Ed.), Crop production and global environmental issues (pp. 1-25). Springer International Publishing.
- Smolders, E. ve Mclaughlin, M. J. (1996). Effect of Cl on Cd uptake by Swiss chard in nutrient solution. Plant and Soil, 179, 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011642
- Smykalova, I. ve Zamecnikova, B. (2003). The relationship between salinity and cadmium stress in barley. Biologia Plantarum, 46(2), 269-273. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022815013951
- Sönmez, İ. ve S. Sönmez. (2007). Tuzluluk ve gübreleme arasındaki ilişkiler. Tarımın Sesi Dergisi, 16, 13-16.
- Uyanık, M., Kara, S. M. ve Korkmaz, K. (2014). Bazı kışlık kolza (Brassica napus L.) çeşitlerinin çimlenme döneminde tuz stresine tepkilerinin belirlenmesi. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20(4), 368-375. https://doi.org/10.15832/tbd.61947
Year 2025,
Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 1 - 7, 30.06.2025
Abstract
Bu araştırma, sera koşullarında saksı denemesi şeklinde yürütülmüştür. Toprakta 5 mg Cd kg-1 düzeyinde kirlilik oluşturulmuştur. Cd (5 ppm) ve NaCl (0 ve 3000 ppm) dozları altında yetiştirilen altı arpa bitkisinin yeşil aksam kuru madde verimi ve Cd konsantrasyonu belirlenmiştir. Cd uygulamasıyla arpa çeşitlerinin yeşil aksam kuru madde verimlerinde önemli farklılıkların olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu etki, Cd 5 ppm ve NaCl (3000 ppm) uygulamasında ise daha belirgin olarak elde edilmiş ve yaklaşık %25 oranında kuru madde verimleri azalmıştır. Çeşitler arasında en fazla kuru madde verimi Çetin 2000 çeşidinde %26.6 oranında azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Her iki stres altında yetiştirilen arpa çeşitlerinin Cd biriktirme kapasitelerinde de önemli farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tuzsuz ve Cd 5 uygulamasına göre Cd 5 +NaCl uygulaması sonucunda yeşil aksamda Hilal çeşidinde 3.3 kat daha fazla Cd biriktirdiği saptanmıştır. Tuzsuz ortamda en az Cd biriktiren çeşit Hilal iken tuzlu ortamda ise en fazla Cd biriktiren çeşit ise Avcı 2002 (35.57 mg kg-1) olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarında çeşitler arasındaki kuru madde ve çeşitlerin Cd biriktirme kapasiteleri istatistiksel olarak P<0.05 önemli olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu araştırmada, tuzun bazı yemlik arpa çeşitlerinde Cd alımını arttırdığı ortaya konulmuştur.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
Bu makalenin yayınlanmasıyla ilgili herhangi bir etik sorun bulunmamaktadır.
Thanks
Bu çalışma, Prof. Dr. Faruk Özkutlu danışmanlığında Onur Burkan tarafından tamamlanan "Türkiye'de yetiştirilen bazı arpa çeşitlerinin farklı tuz uygulamalarında kadmiyum'a (Cd) toleransının belirlenmesi" başlıklı yüksek lisans tezinden üretilmiştir (Tez No. 363730).
References
- Afzal, I., S. Rauf, Basra, S. M. A. ve Murtaza, G. (2008). Halopriming improves vigor, metabolism of reserves and ionic contents in wheat seedlings under salt stress. Plant, Soil and Environment, 54(9), 382-388.
- Bayraklı, F. (1998). Toprak kimyası. O.M.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Kitabı, No: 26.
- Aydemir, Ö. E., Korkmaz, K., & Özkutlu, F. (2022). The effect of foliar application of different amino acids (L-histidine, methionine) on cadmium and zinc uptake of wheat. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 10(8), 1482-1485. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i8.1482-1485.5141
- Buchet, J. P., Lauwerys, R., Roels, H., Bernard, A., Bruaux, P. ve Claeys, F. (1990). Renal effects of cadmium body burden of the general population. Lancet 336, 699–702. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(90)92201-R
- Çağlarırmak, N. ve Hepçimen Z. A., (2010). Ağır metal toprak kirliliğinin gıda zinciri ve insan sağlığına etkisi. Akademik Gıda 8(2), 31-35. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/akademik-gida/issue/55834/764810
- Dinler, B. S., Cetinkaya, H., Akgun, M. ve Korkmaz, K. (2021). Simultaneous treatment of different gibberellic acid doses induces ion accumulation and response mechanisms to salt damage in maize roots. Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, 9(3), 258.
- Ekbic, E., Cagıran, C., Korkmaz, K., Kose, M. A. ve Aras, V. (2017). Assessment of watermelon accessions for salt tolerance using stress tolerance indices. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 41, 616-625. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017416013017
- Gill, S. S. ve Tuteja, N. (2011). Cadmium stress tolerance in crop plants: Probing the role of sulfur. Plant Signal. Behav., 6, 215–222. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.6.2.14880
- Huang, Y., Zhang, G., Wu, F., Chen, J. ve Zhou, M. (2007). Differences in physiological traits among salt-stressed barley genotypes. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 37(3-4), 557-570. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620500449419
- Kabata-Pendias, A. ve Pendias, H. (1992). Trace elements in soils and plants. CRC Press.
- Kılıç, R. ve Korkmaz, K. (2012). Kimyasal gübrelerin tarım topraklarında artık etkileri. Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5(2), 87-90. http://bibad.gen.tr/index.php/bibad/article/download/184/184
- Korkmaz, K., Kara, S. M., Ozkutlu, F. ve Gul, V. (2010). Monitoring of heavy metals and selected micronutrients in hempseeds from North-western Turkey. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(6), 463-467. https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-full-text-pdf/0089EF428319.pdf
- Korkmaz, K., Kara, Ş. M., Özkutlu, F., Akgün, M. ve Şenkal, B. C. (2017). Profile of heavy metal and nutrient elements in some sideritis species. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 51(3). https://www.ijper.org/sites/default/files/Doi%20-%20article%20id%2010.5530ijper.51.3s.14.pdf
- Korkmaz, K., Ertürk, Ö., Ayvaz, M. Ç., Özcan, M. M., Akgün, M., Kirli, A. ve Alver, D. O. (2018). Effect of cadmium application on antimicrobial, antioxidant and total phenolic content of basil genotypes. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 52(4), S108-S114.
- Korkmaz, K., Akgün, M., Kırlı, A., Özcan, M. M., Dede, Ö. ve Kara, Ş. M. (2020). Effects of gibberellic acid and salicylic acid applications on some physical and chemical properties of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) grown under salt stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 8(4), 873-881. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i4.873-881.3044
- Korkmaz, K., Akgün, M., Özcan, M. M., Özkutlu, F. ve Kara, Ş. M. (2021). Interaction effects of phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) on dry matter, concentration and uptake of P and Zn in chia. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 44(5), 755-764. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2020.1845373
- Ozkutlu, F., Ozturk, L., Erdem, H., McLaughlin, M. ve Çakmak, İ. (2007) . Leaf-applied sodium chloride promotes cadmium accumulation in durum wheat grain. Plant and Soil, 290, 323-331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-9164-6
- Özkutlu, F. ve Kara, Ş. M. (2019). Cd concentration of durum wheat grain as influenced by soil salinity. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 8(1), 97-100. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.593833
- Pedro, C. A., Santos, M. S. S., Ferreira, S. M. F. ve Gonçalves, S. C. (2013). The influence of cadmium contamination and salinity on the survival, growth and phytoremediation capacity of the saltmarsh plant salicornia ramosissima. Marine Environmental Research, 92, 197-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.09.018
- Rady, M. M. (2011). Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on growth, yield, antioxidant system and cadmium content of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plant sunder salinity and cadmium stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 129, 232–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.03.035
- Rizwan, M., Ali, S., Abbas, T., Zia-Ur-Rehman, M., Hannan, F., Keller, C., Al-Wabel, M. I., ve Ok, Y. S. (2016). Cadmium minimization in wheat: A critical review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 130, 43–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.001
- Shahid, M., Khalid, S., Abbas, G., Shahid, N., Nadeem, M. ve Sabir, M. (2015). Heavy metal stress and crop productivity. In K. R. Hakeem (Ed.), Crop production and global environmental issues (pp. 1-25). Springer International Publishing.
- Smolders, E. ve Mclaughlin, M. J. (1996). Effect of Cl on Cd uptake by Swiss chard in nutrient solution. Plant and Soil, 179, 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00011642
- Smykalova, I. ve Zamecnikova, B. (2003). The relationship between salinity and cadmium stress in barley. Biologia Plantarum, 46(2), 269-273. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022815013951
- Sönmez, İ. ve S. Sönmez. (2007). Tuzluluk ve gübreleme arasındaki ilişkiler. Tarımın Sesi Dergisi, 16, 13-16.
- Uyanık, M., Kara, S. M. ve Korkmaz, K. (2014). Bazı kışlık kolza (Brassica napus L.) çeşitlerinin çimlenme döneminde tuz stresine tepkilerinin belirlenmesi. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20(4), 368-375. https://doi.org/10.15832/tbd.61947
There are 26 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | July 28, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 1 |
