The Association Between Vitamin D and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

Nur Düzen Oflas; Hamit Hakan Alp

doi:10.20515/otd.1629826

Research Article

Vitamin D ile İrritabl Bağırsak Sendromu Arasındaki İlişki: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışmalar ve Gözlemsel Araştırmaların Meta-Analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 47 Issue: 4, 630 - 636, 18.06.2025

Nur Düzen Oflas , Hamit Hakan Alp

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1629826

Abstract

Bu meta-analiz, randomize kontrollü çalışmalardan elde edilen verileri sentezleyerek D vitamini takviyesinin irritabl bağırsak sendromu (IBS) semptomları ve serum 25-hidroksi D vitamini 25(OH)D düzeyleri üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Ek olarak, sağlıklı bireyler ve IBS hastaları arasındaki bazal serum 25(OH)D düzeylerini karşılaştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışma, gözlemsel ve randomize kontrollü çalışmaların (RCT) bir meta-analizidir. PRISMA kılavuzlarına uygun olarak yürütülen çalışmada, 11 çalışma değerlendirilmiş ve IBS-SSS, IBS-QoL ve serum 25(OH)D düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Veriler, heterojenliği değerlendirmek için I² testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Meta-analiz sonuçları, D vitamini takviyesinin IBS hastalarının yaşam kalitesini iyileştirdiğini göstermiştir (IBS-QoL için ortalama fark [MD]: 6,48, %95 GA: 1,14-11,83, p=0,02). Ancak IBS semptom şiddeti (IBS-SSS) üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olmadı (MD: 3.91, %95 GA: -60.99-68.81, p=0.91). Serum 25(OH)D düzeyleri D vitamini takviyesi ile anlamlı şekilde arttı (MD: 17.13, %95 GA: 8.09-26.17, p<0.0002). Serum 25(OH)D düzeyleri sağlıklı bireyler ve IBS hastaları arasında karşılaştırıldığında, IBS hastalarında anlamlı bir azalma gözlendi (standart ortalama fark [SMD]: -10.17, %95 GA: -15.57 ila -4.77, p=0.0005).
D vitamini takviyesi IBS hastalarında yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmede ve serum D vitamini düzeylerini artırmada etkili olabilir. Ancak semptom şiddeti üzerindeki etkisini açıklığa kavuşturmak için daha homojen ve geniş ölçekli çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu sonuçlar IBS yönetiminde D vitamini takviyesinin rolü hakkında değerli bir bakış açısı sağlar.

Keywords

D vitamini, İrritabl Bağırsak Sendromu, Meta-analiz, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışmalar

Project Number

Yok

References

1. Barbalho SM, Goulart RA, Araújo AC, Guiguer É L, Bechara MD. Irritable bowel syndrome: a review of the general aspects and the potential role of vitamin D. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;13(4):345-59.
2. Black CJ, Ford AC. Global burden of irritable bowel syndrome: trends, predictions and risk factors. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;17(8):473-86.
3. Papale AJ, Flattau R, Vithlani N, Mahajan D, Nadella S. A Review of Pharmacologic and Non-Pharmacologic Therapies in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Current Recommendations and Evidence. J Clin Med. 2024;13(22).
4. Qiyas SA, Saleh ST, Papandreou D. Vitamin D and irritable bowel syndrome. Vitamin D - A Novel Therapy for Chronic Diseases?2024. p. 70-82.
5. Veraza DI, Calderon G, Jansson-Knodell C, Aljaras R, Foster ED, Xu H, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of diet and nutrient intake in adults with irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2024;36(1):e14698.
6. Kesavan C, Das A, Goyal P, Jackson CS, Strong DD, Strong RM. Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD) and Benefits of Supplementation in Veterans with IBS-D. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13(17).
7. Abboud M, Haidar S, Mahboub N, Papandreou D, Al Anouti F, Rizk R. Association between Serum Vitamin D and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms in a Sample of Adults. Nutrients. 2022;14(19).
8. Abuelazm M, Abdelazeem B. Vitamin D supplementation for irritable bowel syndrome: Concerns about the meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;37(7):1402-3.
9. Cara KC, Taylor SF, Alhmly HF, Wallace TC. The effects of vitamin D intake and status on symptom severity and quality-of-life in adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024:1-14.
10. Roth B, Ohlsson B. Overweight and vitamin D deficiency are common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome - a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2024;24(1):296.
11. Bin Y, Kang L, Lili Y. Vitamin D status in irritable bowel syndrome and the impact of supplementation on symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Hosp. 2022;39(5):1144-52.
12. Lefebvre C, Glanville J, Briscoe S, Littlewood A, Marshall C, Metzendorf M-I, et al. Searching for and selecting studies. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions2019. p. 67-107.
13. Francis CY, Morris J, Whorwell PJ. The irritable bowel severity scoring system: a simple method of monitoring irritable bowel syndrome and its progress. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1997;11(2):395-402.
14. Wan X, Wang W, Liu J, Tong T. Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and/or interquartile range. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2014;14:135.
15. Abbasnezhad A, Amani R, Hajiani E, Alavinejad P, Cheraghian B, Ghadiri A. Effect of vitamin D on gastrointestinal symptoms and health-related quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016;28(10):1533-44.
16. El Amrousy D, Hassan S, El Ashry H, Yousef M, Hodeib H. Vitamin D supplementation in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: Is it useful? A randomized controlled trial. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(2):109-14.
17. Jalili M, Vahedi H, Poustchi H, Hekmatdoost A. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Prev Med. 2019;10:16.
18. Jalili M, Hekmatdoost A, Vahedi H, Poustchi H, Khademi B, Saadi M, et al. Co-Administration of Soy Isoflavones and Vitamin D in Management of Irritable Bowel Disease. PLoS One. 2016;11(8):e0158545.
19. Khalighi Sikaroudi M, Mokhtare M, Janani L, Faghihi Kashani AH, Masoodi M, Agah S, et al. Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: The Effects on Symptoms Improvement, Serum Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, and Interleukin-6 - A Randomized Clinical Trial. Complement Med Res. 2020;27(5):302-9.
20. Tazzyman S, Richards N, Trueman AR, Evans AL, Grant VA, Garaiova I, et al. Vitamin D associates with improved quality of life in participants with irritable bowel syndrome: outcomes from a pilot trial. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2015;2(1):e000052.
21. Williams CE, Williams EA, Corfe BM. Vitamin D supplementation in people with IBS has no effect on symptom severity and quality of life: results of a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2022;61(1):299-308.
22. Zeid W, Ezzeldeen E, Khattab M, Ahmed S, Abdo M. Effect of Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) Supplementation on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Attending El-Mahsama Family Practice Center, Ismailia, Egypt: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Al-Azhar International Medical Journal. 2020;0(0):0-.
23. Abbasnezhad A, Amani R, Hasanvand A, Yousefi Rad E, Alipour M, Saboori S, et al. Association of Serum Vitamin D Concentration With Clinical Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. J Am Coll Nutr. 2019;38(4):327-33.
24. Khayyat Y, Attar S. Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Does it Exist? Oman Med J. 2015;30(2):115-8.
25. Panarese A, Pesce F, Porcelli P, Riezzo G, Iacovazzi PA, Leone CM, et al. Chronic functional constipation is strongly linked to vitamin D deficiency. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(14):1729-40.
26. Yu XL, Wu QQ, He LP, Zheng YF. Role of in vitamin D in irritable bowel syndrome. World J Clin Cases. 2023;11(12):2677-83.
27. Abboud M, Rizk R, AlAnouti F, Papandreou D, Haidar S, Mahboub N. The Health Effects of Vitamin D and Probiotic Co-Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 2020;13(1).
28. Chong RIH, Yaow CYL, Loh CYL, Teoh SE, Masuda Y, Ng WK, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;37(6):993-100

The Association Between Vitamin D and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

Year 2025, Volume: 47 Issue: 4, 630 - 636, 18.06.2025

Nur Düzen Oflas , Hamit Hakan Alp

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1629826

Abstract

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D 25(OH)D levels by synthesizing data from randomized controlled trials. Additionally, it aimed to compare baseline serum 25(OH)D levels between healthy individuals and IBS patients. The study is a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. In the study conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, 11 studies were evaluated and IBS-SSS, IBS-QoL and serum 25(OH)D levels were examined. Data were analyzed using the I² test to assess heterogeneity. The meta-analysis results showed that vitamin D supplementation improved the quality of life of IBS patients (mean difference [MD] for IBS-QoL: 6.48, 95% CI: 1.14-11.83, p=0.02). However, it had no significant effect on IBS symptom severity (IBS-SSS) (MD: 3.91, 95% CI: -60.99-68.81, p=0.91). Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly increased by vitamin D supplementation (MD: 17.13, 95% CI: 8.09-26.17, p<0.0002). When serum 25(OH)D levels were compared between healthy individuals and IBS patients, a significant decrease was observed in IBS patients (standard mean difference [SMD]: -10.17, 95% CI: -15.57 to -4.77, p=0.0005). Vitamin D supplementation may be effective in improving quality of life and increasing serum vitamin D levels in IBS patients. However, more homogeneous and large-scale studies are needed to clarify its effect on symptom severity. These results provide a valuable perspective on the role of vitamin D supplementation in the management of IBS.

Keywords

Vitamin D, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Meta-analysis, Randomized Controlled Trials

Project Number

Yok

References

1. Barbalho SM, Goulart RA, Araújo AC, Guiguer É L, Bechara MD. Irritable bowel syndrome: a review of the general aspects and the potential role of vitamin D. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;13(4):345-59.
2. Black CJ, Ford AC. Global burden of irritable bowel syndrome: trends, predictions and risk factors. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;17(8):473-86.
3. Papale AJ, Flattau R, Vithlani N, Mahajan D, Nadella S. A Review of Pharmacologic and Non-Pharmacologic Therapies in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Current Recommendations and Evidence. J Clin Med. 2024;13(22).
4. Qiyas SA, Saleh ST, Papandreou D. Vitamin D and irritable bowel syndrome. Vitamin D - A Novel Therapy for Chronic Diseases?2024. p. 70-82.
5. Veraza DI, Calderon G, Jansson-Knodell C, Aljaras R, Foster ED, Xu H, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of diet and nutrient intake in adults with irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2024;36(1):e14698.
6. Kesavan C, Das A, Goyal P, Jackson CS, Strong DD, Strong RM. Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD) and Benefits of Supplementation in Veterans with IBS-D. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13(17).
7. Abboud M, Haidar S, Mahboub N, Papandreou D, Al Anouti F, Rizk R. Association between Serum Vitamin D and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms in a Sample of Adults. Nutrients. 2022;14(19).
8. Abuelazm M, Abdelazeem B. Vitamin D supplementation for irritable bowel syndrome: Concerns about the meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;37(7):1402-3.
9. Cara KC, Taylor SF, Alhmly HF, Wallace TC. The effects of vitamin D intake and status on symptom severity and quality-of-life in adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024:1-14.
10. Roth B, Ohlsson B. Overweight and vitamin D deficiency are common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome - a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2024;24(1):296.
11. Bin Y, Kang L, Lili Y. Vitamin D status in irritable bowel syndrome and the impact of supplementation on symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Hosp. 2022;39(5):1144-52.
12. Lefebvre C, Glanville J, Briscoe S, Littlewood A, Marshall C, Metzendorf M-I, et al. Searching for and selecting studies. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions2019. p. 67-107.
13. Francis CY, Morris J, Whorwell PJ. The irritable bowel severity scoring system: a simple method of monitoring irritable bowel syndrome and its progress. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1997;11(2):395-402.
14. Wan X, Wang W, Liu J, Tong T. Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and/or interquartile range. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2014;14:135.
15. Abbasnezhad A, Amani R, Hajiani E, Alavinejad P, Cheraghian B, Ghadiri A. Effect of vitamin D on gastrointestinal symptoms and health-related quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016;28(10):1533-44.
16. El Amrousy D, Hassan S, El Ashry H, Yousef M, Hodeib H. Vitamin D supplementation in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: Is it useful? A randomized controlled trial. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(2):109-14.
17. Jalili M, Vahedi H, Poustchi H, Hekmatdoost A. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Prev Med. 2019;10:16.
18. Jalili M, Hekmatdoost A, Vahedi H, Poustchi H, Khademi B, Saadi M, et al. Co-Administration of Soy Isoflavones and Vitamin D in Management of Irritable Bowel Disease. PLoS One. 2016;11(8):e0158545.
19. Khalighi Sikaroudi M, Mokhtare M, Janani L, Faghihi Kashani AH, Masoodi M, Agah S, et al. Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: The Effects on Symptoms Improvement, Serum Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, and Interleukin-6 - A Randomized Clinical Trial. Complement Med Res. 2020;27(5):302-9.
20. Tazzyman S, Richards N, Trueman AR, Evans AL, Grant VA, Garaiova I, et al. Vitamin D associates with improved quality of life in participants with irritable bowel syndrome: outcomes from a pilot trial. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2015;2(1):e000052.
21. Williams CE, Williams EA, Corfe BM. Vitamin D supplementation in people with IBS has no effect on symptom severity and quality of life: results of a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2022;61(1):299-308.
22. Zeid W, Ezzeldeen E, Khattab M, Ahmed S, Abdo M. Effect of Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) Supplementation on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Attending El-Mahsama Family Practice Center, Ismailia, Egypt: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Al-Azhar International Medical Journal. 2020;0(0):0-.
23. Abbasnezhad A, Amani R, Hasanvand A, Yousefi Rad E, Alipour M, Saboori S, et al. Association of Serum Vitamin D Concentration With Clinical Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. J Am Coll Nutr. 2019;38(4):327-33.
24. Khayyat Y, Attar S. Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Does it Exist? Oman Med J. 2015;30(2):115-8.
25. Panarese A, Pesce F, Porcelli P, Riezzo G, Iacovazzi PA, Leone CM, et al. Chronic functional constipation is strongly linked to vitamin D deficiency. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(14):1729-40.
26. Yu XL, Wu QQ, He LP, Zheng YF. Role of in vitamin D in irritable bowel syndrome. World J Clin Cases. 2023;11(12):2677-83.
27. Abboud M, Rizk R, AlAnouti F, Papandreou D, Haidar S, Mahboub N. The Health Effects of Vitamin D and Probiotic Co-Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 2020;13(1).
28. Chong RIH, Yaow CYL, Loh CYL, Teoh SE, Masuda Y, Ng WK, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;37(6):993-100

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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Internal Diseases
Journal Section	ORİJİNAL MAKALE
Authors	Nur Düzen Oflas 0000-0003-0897-2819 Hamit Hakan Alp 0000-0002-9202-4944
Project Number	Yok
Publication Date	June 18, 2025
Submission Date	January 30, 2025
Acceptance Date	June 16, 2025
Published in Issue	Year 2025 Volume: 47 Issue: 4

Cite

Vancouver	Düzen Oflas N, Alp HH. The Association Between Vitamin D and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2025;47(4):630-6.

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