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MALİYE POLİTİKASI UYGULAMALARININ MUTLULUK ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 753 - 764, 20.06.2025

Ayşegül Durucan , Fatma Pınar Eşsiz , Eda Yeşil

https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1605096

Abstract

Mutluluk kavramı özneldir ve kültürlere göre değişmektedir. Ancak, belirli faktörlerin bir bireyin refahını belirlemede önemli bir rol oynadığı genel olarak kabul edilmektedir. Mutluluk üzerine mevcut literatür, gelir, yaşam beklentisi, sağlık, özgürlük ve ahlaki değerler gibi unsurların yaşam memnuniyetine katkıda bulunduğunu ileri sürmektedir. İnsanların mikro düzeydeki mutluluğu, toplumun refahının ve makro düzeydeki yaşam kalitesinin bir göstergesi olarak düşünülebilir. Bu bakımdan toplumun mutluluk düzeyini artırmak, günümüz kamu politikalarının temel tartışma alanlarından biridir. Maliye politikası ile mutluluk arasındaki ilişki ise karmaşık olmakla birlikte, birçok çalışma iyi tasarlanmış maliye politikalarının eşitsizliği azaltarak, kamu hizmetlerini iyileştirerek ve bireylere güvenlik ve istikrar duygusu sağlayarak daha yüksek mutluluk düzeylerine katkıda bulunabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu bakımdan çalışma, 2010-2023 döneminde, farklı mutluluk düzeyine sahip 33 OECD ülkesinde maliye politikası uygulamalarının mutluluk üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sıralı Probit Modeli’ni kullanan çalışmanın bulgularına göre, maliye politikalarının daha yüksek mutluluk düzeylerine sahip ülkelerde daha büyük bir etkiye sahip olma olasılığı daha yüksektir.

Keywords

Maliye politikası mutluluk Sıralı Probit Model

References

  • Alesina, A., Di Tella, R., and Macculloch, R. (2004). Inequality and happiness: are Europeans and Americans different?. Journal of public economics, 88(9-10), 2009-2042.
  • Ball, R. and Chernova, K. (2008). Absolute Income, Relative Income and Happiness, Social Indicators Research, 88, 497-529.
  • Barro, R. J. (1974). Are Government Bonds Net Wealth? Journal of Political Economy, 82(6), 1095–1117. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1830663.
  • Bjørnskov, C., Dreher, A., & Fischer, J. A. (2008). Cross-country determinants of life satisfaction: Exploring different determinants across groups in society. Social Choice and Welfare, 30(1), 119-173.
  • Blanchflower, D. G., & Oswald, A. J. (2004). Well-being over time in Britain and the USA. Journal of Public Economics, 88(7-8), 1359-1386.
  • Clark, A. E. (2014). Adaptation and the Easterlin paradox. Advances in happiness research, 75-94.
  • Clark, A. E., and Oswald, A. J. (1994). Unhappiness and unemployment. The Economic Journal, 104(424), 648-659.
  • Clark, A. E., Frijters, P., and Shields, M. A. (2008). Relative Income, Happiness, and Utility: An Explanation for the Easterlin Paradox and Other Puzzles. Journal of Economic Literature, 46(1), 95-144.
  • Deaton, A. (2013). The Great Escape: Health, Wealth, and the Origins of Inequality. Princeton University Press. Erişim Adresi: http://digamo.free.fr/deaton13.pdf.
  • Di Tella, R., MacCulloch, R. J., and Oswald, A. J. (2001). Preferences over inflation and unemployment: Evidence from surveys of happiness. The American Economic Revew, 91(1), 335-341.
  • Diener, E. (1994). Assessing subjective well-being: Progress and opportunities. Social indicators research, 31, 103-157.
  • Diener, E., and Lucas, R. E. (1999). Personality and subjective well-being in (D. Kahneman, E. Diener and N. Schwarz, eds.) Well-being: Foundations of hedonic psychology, Russel Sage Foundations, New York, 213-229.
  • Dolan, P., Peasgood, T., and White, M. (2008). Do we really know what makes us happy? A review of the economic literature on the factors associated with subjective well-being. Journal of economic psychology, 29(1), 94-122.
  • Easterlin, R. A. (1974). Does economic growth improve the human lot? in (P. A. David and M. W. Reder, eds.), Nations and Households in Economic Growth: Essays in Honour of Moses Abramovitz. New York: Academic Press Inc.
  • Easterlin, R. A. (1995). Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all?. Journal of economic behavior & organization, 27(1), 35-47.
  • Frey, B. S., and Stutzer, A. (2002a). Happiness and Economics: How the Economy and Institutions Affect Well-being. Princeton University Press.
  • Frey, B. S., and Stutzer, A. (2002b). What can economists learn from happiness research? Journal of Economic Literature, 40(2), 402-435.
  • Friedman, M., Friedman, R. D., and Adams, J. (1980). Free to choose: A personal statement (Vol. 249). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Greene, W. H. (2016). Econometric Analysis (8th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., and Sachs, J. (2010). World Happiness Report.
  • Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., Sachs, J. D., De Neve, J.-E., Aknin, L. B., and Wang, S. (2024). World Happiness Report 2024. University of Oxford: Wellbeing Research Centre.
  • Oswald, A. J. (1997). Happiness and economic performance. The Economic Journal, 107(445), 1815-1831.
  • Özkoç, H. H. (2021). Sıralı Logit ve Probit Modelleri. In E. Çağlayan Akay & Ö. Korkmaz (Eds.), Sağlık Verileriyle Uygulamalı Ekonometri (pp. 265-300). Der Yayınları.
  • Peiro, A. (2006). Happiness, Satisfaction and Socio-economic Conditions: Some International Evidence, The Journal of Economics, 35, 348-365.
  • Perovic, L. M., and Golem, S. (2010). Investigating macroeconomic determinants of happiness in transition countries: How important is government expenditure?. Eastern European Economics, 48(4), 59-75.
  • Reinhart, C. M., and Rogoff, K. S. (2010). Growth in a Time of Debt. American economic review, 100(2), 573-578.
  • Rizkallah, W. W. A. (2023). The impact of fiscal policy on economic happiness: evidence from the countries of the MENA region. Review of Economics and Political Science, 8(4), 271-289.
  • Stanca, L. (2010). The Geography of Economics and Happiness: Spatial Patterns in the Effects of Economic Conditions on Well-Being, Social Indicators Research, 99(1), 115-133.
  • Stiglitz, J. E. (2012). The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future. W.W. Norton & Company.
  • Tian, G. and Yang, L. (2006). A formal economic theory for happiness studies: A solution to the happiness-income puzzle. Working Paper.
  • Veenhoven, R. (2012). Happiness: Also Known as “Life Satisfaction” and “Subjective Well-Being”. In: Land, K., Michalos, A., Sirgy, M. (eds) Handbook of Social Indicators and Quality of Life Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2421-1_3
  • Veenhoven, R.,and Vergunst, F. (2014). The Easterlin illusion: Economic growth does go with greater happiness. International Journal of Happiness and Development, 1(4), 311-343.
  • Winkelmann, L., and Winkelmann, R. (1998). Why are the unemployed so unhappy? Evidence from panel data. Economica, 65(257), 1-15.

THE EFFECTS OF FISCAL POLICY PRACTICES ON HAPPINESS

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 753 - 764, 20.06.2025

Ayşegül Durucan , Fatma Pınar Eşsiz , Eda Yeşil

https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1605096

Abstract

The concept of happiness is subjective and varies across cultures. However, it is generally agreed that certain factors play a crucial role in determining an individual's well-being. Existing literature on happiness suggests that elements such as income, life expectancy, health, liberty, and moral values contribute to life satisfaction. People’s happiness at the micro level can be considered as an indicator of the well-being of the society and the quality of life at the macro level. In this respect, increasing the happiness level of the society is one of the main discussion areas of today's public policies. While the exact relationship between fiscal policy and happiness is complex, many studies show that well-designed fiscal policies can contribute to higher levels of happiness by reducing inequality, improving public services, and providing individuals with a sense of security and stability. In this respect study aims to analyze the impact of fiscal policy practices on happiness in 33 OECD countries, which exhibit varying levels of happiness, over the period from 2010 to 2023. According to the findings of the study that employed the Ordered Probit Model, fiscal policies are more likely to have a greater impact on countries with higher levels of happiness.

Keywords

Fiscal Policy Happiness Ordered Probit Model.

References

  • Alesina, A., Di Tella, R., and Macculloch, R. (2004). Inequality and happiness: are Europeans and Americans different?. Journal of public economics, 88(9-10), 2009-2042.
  • Ball, R. and Chernova, K. (2008). Absolute Income, Relative Income and Happiness, Social Indicators Research, 88, 497-529.
  • Barro, R. J. (1974). Are Government Bonds Net Wealth? Journal of Political Economy, 82(6), 1095–1117. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1830663.
  • Bjørnskov, C., Dreher, A., & Fischer, J. A. (2008). Cross-country determinants of life satisfaction: Exploring different determinants across groups in society. Social Choice and Welfare, 30(1), 119-173.
  • Blanchflower, D. G., & Oswald, A. J. (2004). Well-being over time in Britain and the USA. Journal of Public Economics, 88(7-8), 1359-1386.
  • Clark, A. E. (2014). Adaptation and the Easterlin paradox. Advances in happiness research, 75-94.
  • Clark, A. E., and Oswald, A. J. (1994). Unhappiness and unemployment. The Economic Journal, 104(424), 648-659.
  • Clark, A. E., Frijters, P., and Shields, M. A. (2008). Relative Income, Happiness, and Utility: An Explanation for the Easterlin Paradox and Other Puzzles. Journal of Economic Literature, 46(1), 95-144.
  • Deaton, A. (2013). The Great Escape: Health, Wealth, and the Origins of Inequality. Princeton University Press. Erişim Adresi: http://digamo.free.fr/deaton13.pdf.
  • Di Tella, R., MacCulloch, R. J., and Oswald, A. J. (2001). Preferences over inflation and unemployment: Evidence from surveys of happiness. The American Economic Revew, 91(1), 335-341.
  • Diener, E. (1994). Assessing subjective well-being: Progress and opportunities. Social indicators research, 31, 103-157.
  • Diener, E., and Lucas, R. E. (1999). Personality and subjective well-being in (D. Kahneman, E. Diener and N. Schwarz, eds.) Well-being: Foundations of hedonic psychology, Russel Sage Foundations, New York, 213-229.
  • Dolan, P., Peasgood, T., and White, M. (2008). Do we really know what makes us happy? A review of the economic literature on the factors associated with subjective well-being. Journal of economic psychology, 29(1), 94-122.
  • Easterlin, R. A. (1974). Does economic growth improve the human lot? in (P. A. David and M. W. Reder, eds.), Nations and Households in Economic Growth: Essays in Honour of Moses Abramovitz. New York: Academic Press Inc.
  • Easterlin, R. A. (1995). Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all?. Journal of economic behavior & organization, 27(1), 35-47.
  • Frey, B. S., and Stutzer, A. (2002a). Happiness and Economics: How the Economy and Institutions Affect Well-being. Princeton University Press.
  • Frey, B. S., and Stutzer, A. (2002b). What can economists learn from happiness research? Journal of Economic Literature, 40(2), 402-435.
  • Friedman, M., Friedman, R. D., and Adams, J. (1980). Free to choose: A personal statement (Vol. 249). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Greene, W. H. (2016). Econometric Analysis (8th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., and Sachs, J. (2010). World Happiness Report.
  • Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., Sachs, J. D., De Neve, J.-E., Aknin, L. B., and Wang, S. (2024). World Happiness Report 2024. University of Oxford: Wellbeing Research Centre.
  • Oswald, A. J. (1997). Happiness and economic performance. The Economic Journal, 107(445), 1815-1831.
  • Özkoç, H. H. (2021). Sıralı Logit ve Probit Modelleri. In E. Çağlayan Akay & Ö. Korkmaz (Eds.), Sağlık Verileriyle Uygulamalı Ekonometri (pp. 265-300). Der Yayınları.
  • Peiro, A. (2006). Happiness, Satisfaction and Socio-economic Conditions: Some International Evidence, The Journal of Economics, 35, 348-365.
  • Perovic, L. M., and Golem, S. (2010). Investigating macroeconomic determinants of happiness in transition countries: How important is government expenditure?. Eastern European Economics, 48(4), 59-75.
  • Reinhart, C. M., and Rogoff, K. S. (2010). Growth in a Time of Debt. American economic review, 100(2), 573-578.
  • Rizkallah, W. W. A. (2023). The impact of fiscal policy on economic happiness: evidence from the countries of the MENA region. Review of Economics and Political Science, 8(4), 271-289.
  • Stanca, L. (2010). The Geography of Economics and Happiness: Spatial Patterns in the Effects of Economic Conditions on Well-Being, Social Indicators Research, 99(1), 115-133.
  • Stiglitz, J. E. (2012). The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future. W.W. Norton & Company.
  • Tian, G. and Yang, L. (2006). A formal economic theory for happiness studies: A solution to the happiness-income puzzle. Working Paper.
  • Veenhoven, R. (2012). Happiness: Also Known as “Life Satisfaction” and “Subjective Well-Being”. In: Land, K., Michalos, A., Sirgy, M. (eds) Handbook of Social Indicators and Quality of Life Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2421-1_3
  • Veenhoven, R.,and Vergunst, F. (2014). The Easterlin illusion: Economic growth does go with greater happiness. International Journal of Happiness and Development, 1(4), 311-343.
  • Winkelmann, L., and Winkelmann, R. (1998). Why are the unemployed so unhappy? Evidence from panel data. Economica, 65(257), 1-15.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Policy of Treasury
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Ayşegül Durucan 0000-0001-8424-4018

Fatma Pınar Eşsiz 0000-0002-6486-3943

Eda Yeşil 0000-0002-2525-6745

Early Pub Date June 18, 2025
Publication Date June 20, 2025
Submission Date December 21, 2024
Acceptance Date March 11, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Durucan, A., Eşsiz, F. P., & Yeşil, E. (2025). THE EFFECTS OF FISCAL POLICY PRACTICES ON HAPPINESS. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, 9(2), 753-764. https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1605096
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