Research Article
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Development and Validation of Sport Law Knowledge Test

Year 2025, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 52 - 65, 30.04.2025

Oruç Ali Uğur , Alparslan Aziz Tunç , Tekin Çolakoğlu , Selahattin Akpınar , Ekrem Yasin Tabak , Erhan Devrilmez

https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.1564006

Abstract

This study aims to develop a valid and reliable Sport Law Knowledge Test for preservice sport management students. The test was prepared by a panel including two professors having expertise on curriculum development, two university instructors lecturing sport law course and a Turkish language expert. Panel discussed and prepared 25 multiple-choice questions. Participants were 205 (122 male and 83 female) preservice sport management students who had successfully completed sport law course. Rasch modeling was used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Sport Law Knowledge Test. Results showed that all test items demonstrated high internal consistency and reliability for both test items and person attended this study. The wright map showed that items demonstrated the cumulative norm. Overall analysis showed good evidence to support the validity and reliability of Sport Law Knowledge Test. Developed test can be used for measuring sport law knowledge level of preservice sport management students.

Keywords

Rasch modelling Sport law Sport management

References

  • Batista, P. J., & Pittman, A. (2006). Descriptive Analysis of SRLA Members and The Study of Sport Law in Academia. Journal of Legal Aspects Sport, 16, 217-238. https://doi.org/10.1123/JLAS.16.2.217.
  • Bond, T.G. & Fox, M.T. (2007). Applying the Rasch Model. Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences. 2nd edition. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
  • Boone, W. J., Staver, J. R., & Yale, M. S. (2014). Rasch Analysis in the Human Sciences. Dordrecht: Springer Nature.
  • Chen, W. H., Lenderking, W., Jin, Y., Wyrwich, K. W., Gelhorn, H., & Revicki, D. A. (2014). Is Rasch Model Analysis Applicable in Small Sample Size Pilot Studies for Assessing Item Characteristics? An Example Using PROMIS Pain Behavior Item Bank Data. Quality of Life Research, 23, 485-493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-013-0487-5
  • Dervent, F., Devrilmez, E., İnce, M. L., & Phillip, W. (2018). Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenleri için Futbol Genel Alan Bilgisi Bilgi Testinin Güvenirlik ve Geçerliği. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.326631
  • Dervent, F., Tatlıcı, B. B., Yetgin, M. K., & Devrilmez, E. (2020). Handball Common Content Knowledge Test for Pre-service Physical Education Teachers. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(2), 66-78. https://doi.org/10.30655/besad.2020.29
  • Devrilmez, E., Dervent, F., Ward, P., & Ince, M. L. (2019). A Test of Common Content Knowledge for Gymnastics: A Rasch Analysis. European Physical Education Review, 25(2), 512-523. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X177512
  • DeSensi, J. T., Kelley, D. R., Blanton, M. D., & Beitel, P. A. (1990). Sport Management Curricular Evaluation and Needs Assessment: A Multifaceted Approach. Journal of Sport Management, 4(1), 31-58.
  • Epstein, A. (2002). Alternative Dispute Resolution in Sport Management and the Sport Management Curriculum. Journal of Legal Aspects Sport, 12, 153-180.
  • Erten, S. (2008). Spatial Analysis of Mega-Event Hosting: Olympic Host and Olympic Bid Cities. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. The Middle East Technical University. Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Ince, M. L., & Hünük, D. (2013). Experienced Physical Education Teachers' Health-Related Fitness Knowledge Level and Knowledge Internalization Processes. Eğitim ve Bilim, 38(168). https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0292
  • International Olympic Committee, (2023, April 11). Legal Affairs. Retrieved from https://olympics.com/ioc/legal-affairs Date: 11 April 2023.
  • Jones, D. F., Brooks, D. D., & Mak, J. Y. (2008). Examining Sport Management Programs in The United States. Sport Management Review, 11(1), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S14413523(08)70104-9
  • Laird, C. (2005). The Influence of Sport Management Program Characteristics On Academician Perceptions of NASPE-NASSM Approval. The SMART Journal, 1(2), 4-13.
  • Linacre, J.M. (2008, April 28) A User’s Guide to Winsteps Rasch-Model Computer Program. Version 3.65. Available at: www.winsteps.com (accessed 11 April 2023).
  • Liu, X. (2010) Using and Developing Measurement Instruments in Science Education: A Rasch Modeling Approach. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
  • Milano, M., & Chelladurai, P. (2011). Gross Domestic Sport Product: The Size of The Sport Industry in The United States. Journal of Sport Management, 25(1), 24-35. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.25.1.24
  • Miller, M. G., & Housner, L. (1998). A Survey of Health-Related Physical Fitness Knowledge Among Preservice and Inservice Physical Educators. Physical Educator, 55(4), 176.
  • NASPE-NASSM Joint Task Force on Sport Management Curriculum and Accreditation. (1993). Standards for Curriculum and Voluntary Accreditation of Sport Management Education Programs. Journal of Sport Management, 7, 159-170.
  • NASSM (April, 2007). Joint Task Force on Sport Management Curriculum and Accreditation. Accreditation Update. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD): National Convention & Exposition, Baltimore, MD.
  • Orhan, Ü., & Özkurt, E. (2024). Spor Hukuku. Adalet Yayınevi. Ankara.
  • Parkhouse, B. L., & Pitts, B. G. (2005). History of Sport Management. The Management of Sport: Its Foundation and Application, 2-14.
  • Rasch, G. (1980). Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Santiago, J. A., & Morrow, J. R. (2020). A Study of Preservice Physical Education Teachers’ Content Knowledge of Health-Related Fitness. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 40(1), 118-125. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2019-0138
  • Stier, W. F. (1993). Alternative Career Paths in Physical Education: Sport Management. ERIC Clearinghouse.
  • Susanto, N. (2021, February). 21st Century Sports Management. In 1st International Conference on Sport Sciences, Health and Tourism (ICSSHT 2019). Atlantis Press.
  • Tsuda, E., Ward, P., Kim, J., He, Y., Sazama, D., & Brian, A. (2021). The Tennis Common Content Knowledge Measure Validation. European Physical Education Review, 27(3), 654-665. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X20982629
  • Tsuda, E., Ward, P., Sazama, D., He, Y., Lehwald, H., Ko, B., ... & Xie, X. (2022). Validating The Volleyball Common Content Knowledge Test. Physical Educator, 79(5), 569-585. https://doi.org/10.18666/TPE-2022-V79-I5-10958
  • Vieweg, K. (2018, March) The Appeal of Sports Law. http://www.irut.de/Forschung/Veroefentlichungen/OnlineVersionFaszinationSportrecht/FaszinationSportrechtEnglisch.pdf.
  • Zakrajsek, D. B. (1993). Sport Management: Random Thoughts of One Administrator. Journal of Sport Management, 7(1), 1-6.

Year 2025, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 52 - 65, 30.04.2025

Oruç Ali Uğur , Alparslan Aziz Tunç , Tekin Çolakoğlu , Selahattin Akpınar , Ekrem Yasin Tabak , Erhan Devrilmez

https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.1564006

Abstract

References

  • Batista, P. J., & Pittman, A. (2006). Descriptive Analysis of SRLA Members and The Study of Sport Law in Academia. Journal of Legal Aspects Sport, 16, 217-238. https://doi.org/10.1123/JLAS.16.2.217.
  • Bond, T.G. & Fox, M.T. (2007). Applying the Rasch Model. Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences. 2nd edition. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
  • Boone, W. J., Staver, J. R., & Yale, M. S. (2014). Rasch Analysis in the Human Sciences. Dordrecht: Springer Nature.
  • Chen, W. H., Lenderking, W., Jin, Y., Wyrwich, K. W., Gelhorn, H., & Revicki, D. A. (2014). Is Rasch Model Analysis Applicable in Small Sample Size Pilot Studies for Assessing Item Characteristics? An Example Using PROMIS Pain Behavior Item Bank Data. Quality of Life Research, 23, 485-493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-013-0487-5
  • Dervent, F., Devrilmez, E., İnce, M. L., & Phillip, W. (2018). Beden Eğitimi Öğretmenleri için Futbol Genel Alan Bilgisi Bilgi Testinin Güvenirlik ve Geçerliği. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.326631
  • Dervent, F., Tatlıcı, B. B., Yetgin, M. K., & Devrilmez, E. (2020). Handball Common Content Knowledge Test for Pre-service Physical Education Teachers. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(2), 66-78. https://doi.org/10.30655/besad.2020.29
  • Devrilmez, E., Dervent, F., Ward, P., & Ince, M. L. (2019). A Test of Common Content Knowledge for Gymnastics: A Rasch Analysis. European Physical Education Review, 25(2), 512-523. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X177512
  • DeSensi, J. T., Kelley, D. R., Blanton, M. D., & Beitel, P. A. (1990). Sport Management Curricular Evaluation and Needs Assessment: A Multifaceted Approach. Journal of Sport Management, 4(1), 31-58.
  • Epstein, A. (2002). Alternative Dispute Resolution in Sport Management and the Sport Management Curriculum. Journal of Legal Aspects Sport, 12, 153-180.
  • Erten, S. (2008). Spatial Analysis of Mega-Event Hosting: Olympic Host and Olympic Bid Cities. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. The Middle East Technical University. Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Ince, M. L., & Hünük, D. (2013). Experienced Physical Education Teachers' Health-Related Fitness Knowledge Level and Knowledge Internalization Processes. Eğitim ve Bilim, 38(168). https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0292
  • International Olympic Committee, (2023, April 11). Legal Affairs. Retrieved from https://olympics.com/ioc/legal-affairs Date: 11 April 2023.
  • Jones, D. F., Brooks, D. D., & Mak, J. Y. (2008). Examining Sport Management Programs in The United States. Sport Management Review, 11(1), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S14413523(08)70104-9
  • Laird, C. (2005). The Influence of Sport Management Program Characteristics On Academician Perceptions of NASPE-NASSM Approval. The SMART Journal, 1(2), 4-13.
  • Linacre, J.M. (2008, April 28) A User’s Guide to Winsteps Rasch-Model Computer Program. Version 3.65. Available at: www.winsteps.com (accessed 11 April 2023).
  • Liu, X. (2010) Using and Developing Measurement Instruments in Science Education: A Rasch Modeling Approach. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
  • Milano, M., & Chelladurai, P. (2011). Gross Domestic Sport Product: The Size of The Sport Industry in The United States. Journal of Sport Management, 25(1), 24-35. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.25.1.24
  • Miller, M. G., & Housner, L. (1998). A Survey of Health-Related Physical Fitness Knowledge Among Preservice and Inservice Physical Educators. Physical Educator, 55(4), 176.
  • NASPE-NASSM Joint Task Force on Sport Management Curriculum and Accreditation. (1993). Standards for Curriculum and Voluntary Accreditation of Sport Management Education Programs. Journal of Sport Management, 7, 159-170.
  • NASSM (April, 2007). Joint Task Force on Sport Management Curriculum and Accreditation. Accreditation Update. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD): National Convention & Exposition, Baltimore, MD.
  • Orhan, Ü., & Özkurt, E. (2024). Spor Hukuku. Adalet Yayınevi. Ankara.
  • Parkhouse, B. L., & Pitts, B. G. (2005). History of Sport Management. The Management of Sport: Its Foundation and Application, 2-14.
  • Rasch, G. (1980). Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Santiago, J. A., & Morrow, J. R. (2020). A Study of Preservice Physical Education Teachers’ Content Knowledge of Health-Related Fitness. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 40(1), 118-125. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2019-0138
  • Stier, W. F. (1993). Alternative Career Paths in Physical Education: Sport Management. ERIC Clearinghouse.
  • Susanto, N. (2021, February). 21st Century Sports Management. In 1st International Conference on Sport Sciences, Health and Tourism (ICSSHT 2019). Atlantis Press.
  • Tsuda, E., Ward, P., Kim, J., He, Y., Sazama, D., & Brian, A. (2021). The Tennis Common Content Knowledge Measure Validation. European Physical Education Review, 27(3), 654-665. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X20982629
  • Tsuda, E., Ward, P., Sazama, D., He, Y., Lehwald, H., Ko, B., ... & Xie, X. (2022). Validating The Volleyball Common Content Knowledge Test. Physical Educator, 79(5), 569-585. https://doi.org/10.18666/TPE-2022-V79-I5-10958
  • Vieweg, K. (2018, March) The Appeal of Sports Law. http://www.irut.de/Forschung/Veroefentlichungen/OnlineVersionFaszinationSportrecht/FaszinationSportrechtEnglisch.pdf.
  • Zakrajsek, D. B. (1993). Sport Management: Random Thoughts of One Administrator. Journal of Sport Management, 7(1), 1-6.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology (Other)
Journal Section Leisure & Sport Management
Authors

Oruç Ali Uğur 0000-0001-5454-7392

Alparslan Aziz Tunç 0000-0003-3480-8350

Tekin Çolakoğlu 0000-0002-4250-6769

Selahattin Akpınar 0000-0002-1676-4465

Ekrem Yasin Tabak 0000-0002-5794-258X

Erhan Devrilmez 0000-0002-5136-7510

Publication Date April 30, 2025
Submission Date October 9, 2024
Acceptance Date March 1, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 16 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Uğur, O. A., Tunç, A. A., Çolakoğlu, T., Akpınar, S., et al. (2025). Development and Validation of Sport Law Knowledge Test. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 16(1), 52-65. https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.1564006
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