Research Article
Year 2025,
Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 113 - 121, 30.06.2025
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leisure participation and educational stress in secondary school students. The study sample consist of 367 participants, 214 boys and 153 girls, studying at four different secondary schools. The selection of the participants was made with purposeful sampling method. Data collection tools involved a personal information form and “Educational Stress Scale (ESS)”. The ANOVA results indicated a significant difference in the “Workload”, “Despondency”, “Worry about grades” and “Self-expectation” sub-dimensions of ESS by gender. According to the MANOVA results, there was no significant difference in frequency of participation in leisure activities on the sub-dimensions of ESS. A significant difference was found the effect of participating in country*in-school activities in the “Pressure from study” and “Despondency” sub-dimensions of ESS. As the findings were assessed as a whole, it was concluded that as the frequency of secondary school students’ participation in leisure activities increases, their educational stress decreases.
References
- Acquaviva, J. (2012). Strategies to promote activities to middle and high school students. A Journal of Physical and Sport Educator, 25(4), 23-25.
- Assana, S., Laohasiriwong, W., & Rangseekajee, P. (2017). Quality of Life, Mental Health and Educational Stress of High School Students in the Northeast of Thailand. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 11(8), 01-06.
- Badura, P., Sigmund, E., Geckova, A. M., Sigmundova, D., Sirucek, J., & Van Dijk, J. P. (2016) Is Participation in Organized Leisure-Time Activities Associated with School Performance in Adolescence? PLoS ONE, 11(4), e0153276.
- Bjorkman, S. M. (2007). Relationships among academic stress, social support, and internalizing and externalizing behavior in adolescence [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Northern Illinois University, DeKalb.
- Broadhurst, P. L. (1957). Emotionality and the Yerkes-Dodson law. Journal of experimental psychology, 54(5), 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0049114.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods]. Ankara: PegemA.
- Celik, I., Akin, A., & Saricam, H. (2014). A scale adaptation study related to the examination of adolescents’ levels of educational stress. Universitypark Bulletin, 3(1-2), 44-55. Doi: 10.12973/unibulletin.312.4.
- Chaby, L. E., Sheriff, M., Hirrlinger, A. M., Braithwaite V. A. (2015) Can we understand how developmental stress enhances performance under future threat with the Yerkes-Dodson law?, Communicative & Integrative Biology, 8:3, e1029689, DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2015.1029689.
- Deb, S., Strodl, E., & Sun, J. (2015). Academic stress, parental pressure, anxiety and mental health among Indian high school students. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 5(1), 26–34.
- Diamond, D. M., Campbell, A. M., Park, C. R., Halonen, J., & Zoladz, P. R. (2007). The temporal dynamics model of emotional memory processing: A synthesis on the neurobiological basis of stress‐induced amnesia, flashbulb and traumatic memories, and the Yerkes‐Dodson law. Neural plasticity, 2007(1), 060803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/60803.
- Easterbrook, J. A. (1959). The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior. Psychological review, 66(3), 183. http://dx.doi. org/10.1037/h0047707]
- Fredricks, J. A. (2012). Extracurricular participation and academic outcomes: testing the over-scheduling hypothesis. Journal of Youth Adolescence, 41, 295–306.
- Goulimaris, D., Mavridis, G., Genti, M., & Rokka, S. (2014). Relationships between basic psychological needs and psychological well-being in recreational activities. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 14(2), 277-284.
- Hicks, T., & Heastie, S. (2008). High school to college transition: a profile of the stressors, physical and psychological health issues that affect the first-year on-campus college student. J Cult Divers, 15(3), 143–47.
- Iwasaki, Y., & Mannell, R. C. (2000). Hierarchical dimensions of leisure stress coping. Leisure Sciences, 22(3), 163–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400050149662
- Karakus, M. (2012). The effects of high-stakes testing on students’ stress and anxiety. Education and Science, 37(164), 100–114.
- Kılıç, H. F. (2018). The relationship between nursing students’ educational stress and professional self-esteem. Huhemfad-Johufon, 5(1), 49-59.
- Kim, J. J., & Diamond, D. M. (2002). The stressed hippocampus, synaptic plasticity and lost memories. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3(6), 453-462. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1038/nrn849
- Krivokapic, D. (2016). Effect of performing regular organized recreational activities on the depression level. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 16(1), 604 – 609.
- Lemonia, D., Goulimaris, D., & Georgios, M. (2017). Social skills and prediction of the quality of life of adolescents. The case of dance and physical activities. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17(2), 502-508.
- Lu, H. D. (2008). Focus on learning stress of chinese children: The puzzledom and the way out. Journal of Northeast Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 6, 24-28.
- Mahoney, J. L., Stattin, H., & Lord, H. (2004). Unstructured youth recreation centre participation and antisocial behavior development: selection influences and the moderating role of antisocial peers international. Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 553-560.
- Özdemir, Y., & Özdemir, M. (2015). Direct and Indirect Effects of Educational Stress and Self-Esteem on Secondary School Students' School Burnout. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 1-10.
- Perrotta, F. (2010). The beneficial effects of sport on anxiety and depression. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 28(3), 94-99.
- Polat, Ş., & Özdemir, M. (2018). Examination of the Relationship Between Educational Stress, School Burnout and School Alienation of Secondary School Students. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(5), 1395-1406.
- Ramirez, E. (2009). Schools Battle Student Stress with Creative Strategies. U.S. News and World Report, 20. http://www.usnews.com/education/articles/2009/03/20/schools-battlestudent-stress-with-creative-strategies.
- Salehi, B., Cordero, M. I., & Sandi, C. (2010). Learning under stress: the inverted-U-shape function revisited. Learning & memory, 17(10), 522-530. http://dx.doi. org/10.1101/lm.1914110
- Seçer, İ., & Gençdoğan, B. (2012). Investigation of school burnout in secondary school students according to various variables, Turkish Journal of Education, 1(2), 28-40.
- Seçer, İ., Veyis, F., & Gökçen, R. A. (2014). Adaptation of educational stress scale into turkish culture: the study of reliability and validity. Elementary Education Online, 14(1), 216‐229.
- Sevdalis, V., & Keller, P. E. (2011). Captured by motion: Dance action understanding and social cognition. Brain and Cognition, 77(2), 231-236.
- Sönmez, A., & Gürbüz, B. (2022). Analysis of the relationship between leisure satisfaction and adjustment to university life on university students. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 10(20), 481-502.
- Sun, J., Dunne, M. P., Hou, X., & Xu, A. (2011). Educational stress scale for adolescents: development, validity, and reliability with chinese students. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 29(6), 534–546.
- Temple, V. A., Crane, J. R., Brown, A., Williams, B. L., & Bell, R. (2016). Recreational activities and motor skills of children in kindergarten. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 21(3), 268-280.
- Wang, F., & Boros, S. (2021). The effect of physical activity on sleep quality: A systematic review. Eur. J. Physiother, 23, 11–18.
- Watson, R., Rehman, S., & Alı, P. A. (2017). Stressors affecting nursing students in Pakistan. International Nursing Review, August, https:// dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/inr.12392.
- Woodyard, C. (2011). Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga and its ability to increase quality of life. Int. J. Yoga, 4, 49–54.
Year 2025,
Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 113 - 121, 30.06.2025
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinde serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılım ve eğitim stresi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın örneklemi, dört farklı ortaokulda öğrenim gören 214 erkek ve 153 kız olmak üzere toplam 367 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların seçimi amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak kişisel bilgi formu ve “Eğitim Stresi Ölçeği (ESÖ)” kullanılmıştır. ANOVA sonuçları, cinsiyete göre ESÖ'nün “İş yükü”, “Umutsuzluk”, “Notlarla ilgili endişe” ve “Kendinden beklenti” alt boyutlarında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğunu göstermiştir. MANOVA sonuçlarına göre, serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılım sıklığının ESÖ'nün alt boyutları üzerinde anlamlı bir fark yaratmadığı görülmüştür. Ülke*okul içi aktivitelere katılma durumunun ise ESÖ'nün “Derslerden kaynaklanan baskı” ve “Umutsuzluk” alt boyutlarına etkisinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur. Bulgular bir bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde, ortaokul öğrencilerinin serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılım sıklığı arttıkça eğitim streslerinin azaldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
References
- Acquaviva, J. (2012). Strategies to promote activities to middle and high school students. A Journal of Physical and Sport Educator, 25(4), 23-25.
- Assana, S., Laohasiriwong, W., & Rangseekajee, P. (2017). Quality of Life, Mental Health and Educational Stress of High School Students in the Northeast of Thailand. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 11(8), 01-06.
- Badura, P., Sigmund, E., Geckova, A. M., Sigmundova, D., Sirucek, J., & Van Dijk, J. P. (2016) Is Participation in Organized Leisure-Time Activities Associated with School Performance in Adolescence? PLoS ONE, 11(4), e0153276.
- Bjorkman, S. M. (2007). Relationships among academic stress, social support, and internalizing and externalizing behavior in adolescence [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Northern Illinois University, DeKalb.
- Broadhurst, P. L. (1957). Emotionality and the Yerkes-Dodson law. Journal of experimental psychology, 54(5), 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0049114.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods]. Ankara: PegemA.
- Celik, I., Akin, A., & Saricam, H. (2014). A scale adaptation study related to the examination of adolescents’ levels of educational stress. Universitypark Bulletin, 3(1-2), 44-55. Doi: 10.12973/unibulletin.312.4.
- Chaby, L. E., Sheriff, M., Hirrlinger, A. M., Braithwaite V. A. (2015) Can we understand how developmental stress enhances performance under future threat with the Yerkes-Dodson law?, Communicative & Integrative Biology, 8:3, e1029689, DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2015.1029689.
- Deb, S., Strodl, E., & Sun, J. (2015). Academic stress, parental pressure, anxiety and mental health among Indian high school students. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 5(1), 26–34.
- Diamond, D. M., Campbell, A. M., Park, C. R., Halonen, J., & Zoladz, P. R. (2007). The temporal dynamics model of emotional memory processing: A synthesis on the neurobiological basis of stress‐induced amnesia, flashbulb and traumatic memories, and the Yerkes‐Dodson law. Neural plasticity, 2007(1), 060803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/60803.
- Easterbrook, J. A. (1959). The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior. Psychological review, 66(3), 183. http://dx.doi. org/10.1037/h0047707]
- Fredricks, J. A. (2012). Extracurricular participation and academic outcomes: testing the over-scheduling hypothesis. Journal of Youth Adolescence, 41, 295–306.
- Goulimaris, D., Mavridis, G., Genti, M., & Rokka, S. (2014). Relationships between basic psychological needs and psychological well-being in recreational activities. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 14(2), 277-284.
- Hicks, T., & Heastie, S. (2008). High school to college transition: a profile of the stressors, physical and psychological health issues that affect the first-year on-campus college student. J Cult Divers, 15(3), 143–47.
- Iwasaki, Y., & Mannell, R. C. (2000). Hierarchical dimensions of leisure stress coping. Leisure Sciences, 22(3), 163–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400050149662
- Karakus, M. (2012). The effects of high-stakes testing on students’ stress and anxiety. Education and Science, 37(164), 100–114.
- Kılıç, H. F. (2018). The relationship between nursing students’ educational stress and professional self-esteem. Huhemfad-Johufon, 5(1), 49-59.
- Kim, J. J., & Diamond, D. M. (2002). The stressed hippocampus, synaptic plasticity and lost memories. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3(6), 453-462. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1038/nrn849
- Krivokapic, D. (2016). Effect of performing regular organized recreational activities on the depression level. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 16(1), 604 – 609.
- Lemonia, D., Goulimaris, D., & Georgios, M. (2017). Social skills and prediction of the quality of life of adolescents. The case of dance and physical activities. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17(2), 502-508.
- Lu, H. D. (2008). Focus on learning stress of chinese children: The puzzledom and the way out. Journal of Northeast Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 6, 24-28.
- Mahoney, J. L., Stattin, H., & Lord, H. (2004). Unstructured youth recreation centre participation and antisocial behavior development: selection influences and the moderating role of antisocial peers international. Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 553-560.
- Özdemir, Y., & Özdemir, M. (2015). Direct and Indirect Effects of Educational Stress and Self-Esteem on Secondary School Students' School Burnout. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 1-10.
- Perrotta, F. (2010). The beneficial effects of sport on anxiety and depression. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 28(3), 94-99.
- Polat, Ş., & Özdemir, M. (2018). Examination of the Relationship Between Educational Stress, School Burnout and School Alienation of Secondary School Students. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(5), 1395-1406.
- Ramirez, E. (2009). Schools Battle Student Stress with Creative Strategies. U.S. News and World Report, 20. http://www.usnews.com/education/articles/2009/03/20/schools-battlestudent-stress-with-creative-strategies.
- Salehi, B., Cordero, M. I., & Sandi, C. (2010). Learning under stress: the inverted-U-shape function revisited. Learning & memory, 17(10), 522-530. http://dx.doi. org/10.1101/lm.1914110
- Seçer, İ., & Gençdoğan, B. (2012). Investigation of school burnout in secondary school students according to various variables, Turkish Journal of Education, 1(2), 28-40.
- Seçer, İ., Veyis, F., & Gökçen, R. A. (2014). Adaptation of educational stress scale into turkish culture: the study of reliability and validity. Elementary Education Online, 14(1), 216‐229.
- Sevdalis, V., & Keller, P. E. (2011). Captured by motion: Dance action understanding and social cognition. Brain and Cognition, 77(2), 231-236.
- Sönmez, A., & Gürbüz, B. (2022). Analysis of the relationship between leisure satisfaction and adjustment to university life on university students. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 10(20), 481-502.
- Sun, J., Dunne, M. P., Hou, X., & Xu, A. (2011). Educational stress scale for adolescents: development, validity, and reliability with chinese students. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 29(6), 534–546.
- Temple, V. A., Crane, J. R., Brown, A., Williams, B. L., & Bell, R. (2016). Recreational activities and motor skills of children in kindergarten. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 21(3), 268-280.
- Wang, F., & Boros, S. (2021). The effect of physical activity on sleep quality: A systematic review. Eur. J. Physiother, 23, 11–18.
- Watson, R., Rehman, S., & Alı, P. A. (2017). Stressors affecting nursing students in Pakistan. International Nursing Review, August, https:// dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/inr.12392.
- Woodyard, C. (2011). Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga and its ability to increase quality of life. Int. J. Yoga, 4, 49–54.
There are 36 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Sports and Recreation |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | June 24, 2025 |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2025 |
| Submission Date | January 26, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | June 22, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 23 Issue: 2 |
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